xref: /qemu/hw/riscv/virt.c (revision 7cfbb17f023dc014d366b2f30af852aa62a5c3b1)
1 /*
2  * QEMU RISC-V VirtIO Board
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2017 SiFive, Inc.
5  *
6  * RISC-V machine with 16550a UART and VirtIO MMIO
7  *
8  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
9  * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
10  * version 2 or later, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
11  *
12  * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
13  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
14  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
15  * more details.
16  *
17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
18  * this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
19  */
20 
21 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
22 #include "qemu/units.h"
23 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
24 #include "qapi/error.h"
25 #include "hw/boards.h"
26 #include "hw/loader.h"
27 #include "hw/sysbus.h"
28 #include "hw/qdev-properties.h"
29 #include "hw/char/serial.h"
30 #include "target/riscv/cpu.h"
31 #include "hw/riscv/riscv_hart.h"
32 #include "hw/riscv/virt.h"
33 #include "hw/riscv/boot.h"
34 #include "hw/riscv/numa.h"
35 #include "hw/intc/sifive_clint.h"
36 #include "hw/intc/sifive_plic.h"
37 #include "hw/misc/sifive_test.h"
38 #include "chardev/char.h"
39 #include "sysemu/arch_init.h"
40 #include "sysemu/device_tree.h"
41 #include "sysemu/sysemu.h"
42 #include "hw/pci/pci.h"
43 #include "hw/pci-host/gpex.h"
44 #include "hw/display/ramfb.h"
45 
46 static const MemMapEntry virt_memmap[] = {
47     [VIRT_DEBUG] =       {        0x0,         0x100 },
48     [VIRT_MROM] =        {     0x1000,        0xf000 },
49     [VIRT_TEST] =        {   0x100000,        0x1000 },
50     [VIRT_RTC] =         {   0x101000,        0x1000 },
51     [VIRT_CLINT] =       {  0x2000000,       0x10000 },
52     [VIRT_PCIE_PIO] =    {  0x3000000,       0x10000 },
53     [VIRT_PLIC] =        {  0xc000000, VIRT_PLIC_SIZE(VIRT_CPUS_MAX * 2) },
54     [VIRT_UART0] =       { 0x10000000,         0x100 },
55     [VIRT_VIRTIO] =      { 0x10001000,        0x1000 },
56     [VIRT_FW_CFG] =      { 0x10100000,          0x18 },
57     [VIRT_FLASH] =       { 0x20000000,     0x4000000 },
58     [VIRT_PCIE_ECAM] =   { 0x30000000,    0x10000000 },
59     [VIRT_PCIE_MMIO] =   { 0x40000000,    0x40000000 },
60     [VIRT_DRAM] =        { 0x80000000,           0x0 },
61 };
62 
63 /* PCIe high mmio is fixed for RV32 */
64 #define VIRT32_HIGH_PCIE_MMIO_BASE  0x300000000ULL
65 #define VIRT32_HIGH_PCIE_MMIO_SIZE  (4 * GiB)
66 
67 /* PCIe high mmio for RV64, size is fixed but base depends on top of RAM */
68 #define VIRT64_HIGH_PCIE_MMIO_SIZE  (16 * GiB)
69 
70 static MemMapEntry virt_high_pcie_memmap;
71 
72 #define VIRT_FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE (256 * KiB)
73 
74 static PFlashCFI01 *virt_flash_create1(RISCVVirtState *s,
75                                        const char *name,
76                                        const char *alias_prop_name)
77 {
78     /*
79      * Create a single flash device.  We use the same parameters as
80      * the flash devices on the ARM virt board.
81      */
82     DeviceState *dev = qdev_new(TYPE_PFLASH_CFI01);
83 
84     qdev_prop_set_uint64(dev, "sector-length", VIRT_FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE);
85     qdev_prop_set_uint8(dev, "width", 4);
86     qdev_prop_set_uint8(dev, "device-width", 2);
87     qdev_prop_set_bit(dev, "big-endian", false);
88     qdev_prop_set_uint16(dev, "id0", 0x89);
89     qdev_prop_set_uint16(dev, "id1", 0x18);
90     qdev_prop_set_uint16(dev, "id2", 0x00);
91     qdev_prop_set_uint16(dev, "id3", 0x00);
92     qdev_prop_set_string(dev, "name", name);
93 
94     object_property_add_child(OBJECT(s), name, OBJECT(dev));
95     object_property_add_alias(OBJECT(s), alias_prop_name,
96                               OBJECT(dev), "drive");
97 
98     return PFLASH_CFI01(dev);
99 }
100 
101 static void virt_flash_create(RISCVVirtState *s)
102 {
103     s->flash[0] = virt_flash_create1(s, "virt.flash0", "pflash0");
104     s->flash[1] = virt_flash_create1(s, "virt.flash1", "pflash1");
105 }
106 
107 static void virt_flash_map1(PFlashCFI01 *flash,
108                             hwaddr base, hwaddr size,
109                             MemoryRegion *sysmem)
110 {
111     DeviceState *dev = DEVICE(flash);
112 
113     assert(QEMU_IS_ALIGNED(size, VIRT_FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE));
114     assert(size / VIRT_FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE <= UINT32_MAX);
115     qdev_prop_set_uint32(dev, "num-blocks", size / VIRT_FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE);
116     sysbus_realize_and_unref(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), &error_fatal);
117 
118     memory_region_add_subregion(sysmem, base,
119                                 sysbus_mmio_get_region(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev),
120                                                        0));
121 }
122 
123 static void virt_flash_map(RISCVVirtState *s,
124                            MemoryRegion *sysmem)
125 {
126     hwaddr flashsize = virt_memmap[VIRT_FLASH].size / 2;
127     hwaddr flashbase = virt_memmap[VIRT_FLASH].base;
128 
129     virt_flash_map1(s->flash[0], flashbase, flashsize,
130                     sysmem);
131     virt_flash_map1(s->flash[1], flashbase + flashsize, flashsize,
132                     sysmem);
133 }
134 
135 static void create_pcie_irq_map(void *fdt, char *nodename,
136                                 uint32_t plic_phandle)
137 {
138     int pin, dev;
139     uint32_t
140         full_irq_map[GPEX_NUM_IRQS * GPEX_NUM_IRQS * FDT_INT_MAP_WIDTH] = {};
141     uint32_t *irq_map = full_irq_map;
142 
143     /* This code creates a standard swizzle of interrupts such that
144      * each device's first interrupt is based on it's PCI_SLOT number.
145      * (See pci_swizzle_map_irq_fn())
146      *
147      * We only need one entry per interrupt in the table (not one per
148      * possible slot) seeing the interrupt-map-mask will allow the table
149      * to wrap to any number of devices.
150      */
151     for (dev = 0; dev < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; dev++) {
152         int devfn = dev * 0x8;
153 
154         for (pin = 0; pin < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; pin++) {
155             int irq_nr = PCIE_IRQ + ((pin + PCI_SLOT(devfn)) % GPEX_NUM_IRQS);
156             int i = 0;
157 
158             irq_map[i] = cpu_to_be32(devfn << 8);
159 
160             i += FDT_PCI_ADDR_CELLS;
161             irq_map[i] = cpu_to_be32(pin + 1);
162 
163             i += FDT_PCI_INT_CELLS;
164             irq_map[i++] = cpu_to_be32(plic_phandle);
165 
166             i += FDT_PLIC_ADDR_CELLS;
167             irq_map[i] = cpu_to_be32(irq_nr);
168 
169             irq_map += FDT_INT_MAP_WIDTH;
170         }
171     }
172 
173     qemu_fdt_setprop(fdt, nodename, "interrupt-map",
174                      full_irq_map, sizeof(full_irq_map));
175 
176     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, nodename, "interrupt-map-mask",
177                            0x1800, 0, 0, 0x7);
178 }
179 
180 static void create_fdt(RISCVVirtState *s, const MemMapEntry *memmap,
181                        uint64_t mem_size, const char *cmdline, bool is_32_bit)
182 {
183     void *fdt;
184     int i, cpu, socket;
185     MachineState *mc = MACHINE(s);
186     uint64_t addr, size;
187     uint32_t *clint_cells, *plic_cells;
188     unsigned long clint_addr, plic_addr;
189     uint32_t plic_phandle[MAX_NODES];
190     uint32_t cpu_phandle, intc_phandle, test_phandle;
191     uint32_t phandle = 1, plic_mmio_phandle = 1;
192     uint32_t plic_pcie_phandle = 1, plic_virtio_phandle = 1;
193     char *mem_name, *cpu_name, *core_name, *intc_name;
194     char *name, *clint_name, *plic_name, *clust_name;
195     hwaddr flashsize = virt_memmap[VIRT_FLASH].size / 2;
196     hwaddr flashbase = virt_memmap[VIRT_FLASH].base;
197     static const char * const clint_compat[2] = {
198         "sifive,clint0", "riscv,clint0"
199     };
200 
201     if (mc->dtb) {
202         fdt = mc->fdt = load_device_tree(mc->dtb, &s->fdt_size);
203         if (!fdt) {
204             error_report("load_device_tree() failed");
205             exit(1);
206         }
207         goto update_bootargs;
208     } else {
209         fdt = mc->fdt = create_device_tree(&s->fdt_size);
210         if (!fdt) {
211             error_report("create_device_tree() failed");
212             exit(1);
213         }
214     }
215 
216     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/", "model", "riscv-virtio,qemu");
217     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/", "compatible", "riscv-virtio");
218     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/", "#size-cells", 0x2);
219     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/", "#address-cells", 0x2);
220 
221     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, "/soc");
222     qemu_fdt_setprop(fdt, "/soc", "ranges", NULL, 0);
223     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/soc", "compatible", "simple-bus");
224     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/soc", "#size-cells", 0x2);
225     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/soc", "#address-cells", 0x2);
226 
227     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, "/cpus");
228     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/cpus", "timebase-frequency",
229                           SIFIVE_CLINT_TIMEBASE_FREQ);
230     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/cpus", "#size-cells", 0x0);
231     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/cpus", "#address-cells", 0x1);
232     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, "/cpus/cpu-map");
233 
234     for (socket = (riscv_socket_count(mc) - 1); socket >= 0; socket--) {
235         clust_name = g_strdup_printf("/cpus/cpu-map/cluster%d", socket);
236         qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, clust_name);
237 
238         plic_cells = g_new0(uint32_t, s->soc[socket].num_harts * 4);
239         clint_cells = g_new0(uint32_t, s->soc[socket].num_harts * 4);
240 
241         for (cpu = s->soc[socket].num_harts - 1; cpu >= 0; cpu--) {
242             cpu_phandle = phandle++;
243 
244             cpu_name = g_strdup_printf("/cpus/cpu@%d",
245                 s->soc[socket].hartid_base + cpu);
246             qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, cpu_name);
247             if (is_32_bit) {
248                 qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, cpu_name, "mmu-type", "riscv,sv32");
249             } else {
250                 qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, cpu_name, "mmu-type", "riscv,sv48");
251             }
252             name = riscv_isa_string(&s->soc[socket].harts[cpu]);
253             qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, cpu_name, "riscv,isa", name);
254             g_free(name);
255             qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, cpu_name, "compatible", "riscv");
256             qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, cpu_name, "status", "okay");
257             qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, cpu_name, "reg",
258                 s->soc[socket].hartid_base + cpu);
259             qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, cpu_name, "device_type", "cpu");
260             riscv_socket_fdt_write_id(mc, fdt, cpu_name, socket);
261             qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, cpu_name, "phandle", cpu_phandle);
262 
263             intc_name = g_strdup_printf("%s/interrupt-controller", cpu_name);
264             qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, intc_name);
265             intc_phandle = phandle++;
266             qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, intc_name, "phandle", intc_phandle);
267             qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, intc_name, "compatible",
268                 "riscv,cpu-intc");
269             qemu_fdt_setprop(fdt, intc_name, "interrupt-controller", NULL, 0);
270             qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, intc_name, "#interrupt-cells", 1);
271 
272             clint_cells[cpu * 4 + 0] = cpu_to_be32(intc_phandle);
273             clint_cells[cpu * 4 + 1] = cpu_to_be32(IRQ_M_SOFT);
274             clint_cells[cpu * 4 + 2] = cpu_to_be32(intc_phandle);
275             clint_cells[cpu * 4 + 3] = cpu_to_be32(IRQ_M_TIMER);
276 
277             plic_cells[cpu * 4 + 0] = cpu_to_be32(intc_phandle);
278             plic_cells[cpu * 4 + 1] = cpu_to_be32(IRQ_M_EXT);
279             plic_cells[cpu * 4 + 2] = cpu_to_be32(intc_phandle);
280             plic_cells[cpu * 4 + 3] = cpu_to_be32(IRQ_S_EXT);
281 
282             core_name = g_strdup_printf("%s/core%d", clust_name, cpu);
283             qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, core_name);
284             qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, core_name, "cpu", cpu_phandle);
285 
286             g_free(core_name);
287             g_free(intc_name);
288             g_free(cpu_name);
289         }
290 
291         addr = memmap[VIRT_DRAM].base + riscv_socket_mem_offset(mc, socket);
292         size = riscv_socket_mem_size(mc, socket);
293         mem_name = g_strdup_printf("/memory@%lx", (long)addr);
294         qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, mem_name);
295         qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, mem_name, "reg",
296             addr >> 32, addr, size >> 32, size);
297         qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, mem_name, "device_type", "memory");
298         riscv_socket_fdt_write_id(mc, fdt, mem_name, socket);
299         g_free(mem_name);
300 
301         clint_addr = memmap[VIRT_CLINT].base +
302             (memmap[VIRT_CLINT].size * socket);
303         clint_name = g_strdup_printf("/soc/clint@%lx", clint_addr);
304         qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, clint_name);
305         qemu_fdt_setprop_string_array(fdt, clint_name, "compatible",
306             (char **)&clint_compat, ARRAY_SIZE(clint_compat));
307         qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, clint_name, "reg",
308             0x0, clint_addr, 0x0, memmap[VIRT_CLINT].size);
309         qemu_fdt_setprop(fdt, clint_name, "interrupts-extended",
310             clint_cells, s->soc[socket].num_harts * sizeof(uint32_t) * 4);
311         riscv_socket_fdt_write_id(mc, fdt, clint_name, socket);
312         g_free(clint_name);
313 
314         plic_phandle[socket] = phandle++;
315         plic_addr = memmap[VIRT_PLIC].base + (memmap[VIRT_PLIC].size * socket);
316         plic_name = g_strdup_printf("/soc/plic@%lx", plic_addr);
317         qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, plic_name);
318         qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, plic_name,
319             "#address-cells", FDT_PLIC_ADDR_CELLS);
320         qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, plic_name,
321             "#interrupt-cells", FDT_PLIC_INT_CELLS);
322         qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, plic_name, "compatible", "riscv,plic0");
323         qemu_fdt_setprop(fdt, plic_name, "interrupt-controller", NULL, 0);
324         qemu_fdt_setprop(fdt, plic_name, "interrupts-extended",
325             plic_cells, s->soc[socket].num_harts * sizeof(uint32_t) * 4);
326         qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, plic_name, "reg",
327             0x0, plic_addr, 0x0, memmap[VIRT_PLIC].size);
328         qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, plic_name, "riscv,ndev", VIRTIO_NDEV);
329         riscv_socket_fdt_write_id(mc, fdt, plic_name, socket);
330         qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, plic_name, "phandle", plic_phandle[socket]);
331         g_free(plic_name);
332 
333         g_free(clint_cells);
334         g_free(plic_cells);
335         g_free(clust_name);
336     }
337 
338     for (socket = 0; socket < riscv_socket_count(mc); socket++) {
339         if (socket == 0) {
340             plic_mmio_phandle = plic_phandle[socket];
341             plic_virtio_phandle = plic_phandle[socket];
342             plic_pcie_phandle = plic_phandle[socket];
343         }
344         if (socket == 1) {
345             plic_virtio_phandle = plic_phandle[socket];
346             plic_pcie_phandle = plic_phandle[socket];
347         }
348         if (socket == 2) {
349             plic_pcie_phandle = plic_phandle[socket];
350         }
351     }
352 
353     riscv_socket_fdt_write_distance_matrix(mc, fdt);
354 
355     for (i = 0; i < VIRTIO_COUNT; i++) {
356         name = g_strdup_printf("/soc/virtio_mmio@%lx",
357             (long)(memmap[VIRT_VIRTIO].base + i * memmap[VIRT_VIRTIO].size));
358         qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, name);
359         qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, name, "compatible", "virtio,mmio");
360         qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, name, "reg",
361             0x0, memmap[VIRT_VIRTIO].base + i * memmap[VIRT_VIRTIO].size,
362             0x0, memmap[VIRT_VIRTIO].size);
363         qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, name, "interrupt-parent",
364             plic_virtio_phandle);
365         qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, name, "interrupts", VIRTIO_IRQ + i);
366         g_free(name);
367     }
368 
369     name = g_strdup_printf("/soc/pci@%lx",
370         (long) memmap[VIRT_PCIE_ECAM].base);
371     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, name);
372     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, name, "#address-cells", FDT_PCI_ADDR_CELLS);
373     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, name, "#interrupt-cells", FDT_PCI_INT_CELLS);
374     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, name, "#size-cells", 0x2);
375     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, name, "compatible", "pci-host-ecam-generic");
376     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, name, "device_type", "pci");
377     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, name, "linux,pci-domain", 0);
378     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, name, "bus-range", 0,
379         memmap[VIRT_PCIE_ECAM].size / PCIE_MMCFG_SIZE_MIN - 1);
380     qemu_fdt_setprop(fdt, name, "dma-coherent", NULL, 0);
381     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, name, "reg", 0,
382         memmap[VIRT_PCIE_ECAM].base, 0, memmap[VIRT_PCIE_ECAM].size);
383     qemu_fdt_setprop_sized_cells(fdt, name, "ranges",
384         1, FDT_PCI_RANGE_IOPORT, 2, 0,
385         2, memmap[VIRT_PCIE_PIO].base, 2, memmap[VIRT_PCIE_PIO].size,
386         1, FDT_PCI_RANGE_MMIO,
387         2, memmap[VIRT_PCIE_MMIO].base,
388         2, memmap[VIRT_PCIE_MMIO].base, 2, memmap[VIRT_PCIE_MMIO].size,
389         1, FDT_PCI_RANGE_MMIO_64BIT,
390         2, virt_high_pcie_memmap.base,
391         2, virt_high_pcie_memmap.base, 2, virt_high_pcie_memmap.size);
392 
393     create_pcie_irq_map(fdt, name, plic_pcie_phandle);
394     g_free(name);
395 
396     test_phandle = phandle++;
397     name = g_strdup_printf("/soc/test@%lx",
398         (long)memmap[VIRT_TEST].base);
399     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, name);
400     {
401         static const char * const compat[3] = {
402             "sifive,test1", "sifive,test0", "syscon"
403         };
404         qemu_fdt_setprop_string_array(fdt, name, "compatible", (char **)&compat,
405                                       ARRAY_SIZE(compat));
406     }
407     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, name, "reg",
408         0x0, memmap[VIRT_TEST].base,
409         0x0, memmap[VIRT_TEST].size);
410     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, name, "phandle", test_phandle);
411     test_phandle = qemu_fdt_get_phandle(fdt, name);
412     g_free(name);
413 
414     name = g_strdup_printf("/soc/reboot");
415     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, name);
416     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, name, "compatible", "syscon-reboot");
417     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, name, "regmap", test_phandle);
418     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, name, "offset", 0x0);
419     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, name, "value", FINISHER_RESET);
420     g_free(name);
421 
422     name = g_strdup_printf("/soc/poweroff");
423     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, name);
424     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, name, "compatible", "syscon-poweroff");
425     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, name, "regmap", test_phandle);
426     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, name, "offset", 0x0);
427     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, name, "value", FINISHER_PASS);
428     g_free(name);
429 
430     name = g_strdup_printf("/soc/uart@%lx", (long)memmap[VIRT_UART0].base);
431     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, name);
432     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, name, "compatible", "ns16550a");
433     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, name, "reg",
434         0x0, memmap[VIRT_UART0].base,
435         0x0, memmap[VIRT_UART0].size);
436     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, name, "clock-frequency", 3686400);
437     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, name, "interrupt-parent", plic_mmio_phandle);
438     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, name, "interrupts", UART0_IRQ);
439 
440     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, "/chosen");
441     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/chosen", "stdout-path", name);
442     g_free(name);
443 
444     name = g_strdup_printf("/soc/rtc@%lx", (long)memmap[VIRT_RTC].base);
445     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, name);
446     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, name, "compatible", "google,goldfish-rtc");
447     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, name, "reg",
448         0x0, memmap[VIRT_RTC].base,
449         0x0, memmap[VIRT_RTC].size);
450     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, name, "interrupt-parent", plic_mmio_phandle);
451     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, name, "interrupts", RTC_IRQ);
452     g_free(name);
453 
454     name = g_strdup_printf("/soc/flash@%" PRIx64, flashbase);
455     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(mc->fdt, name);
456     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(mc->fdt, name, "compatible", "cfi-flash");
457     qemu_fdt_setprop_sized_cells(mc->fdt, name, "reg",
458                                  2, flashbase, 2, flashsize,
459                                  2, flashbase + flashsize, 2, flashsize);
460     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(mc->fdt, name, "bank-width", 4);
461     g_free(name);
462 
463 update_bootargs:
464     if (cmdline) {
465         qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/chosen", "bootargs", cmdline);
466     }
467 }
468 
469 static inline DeviceState *gpex_pcie_init(MemoryRegion *sys_mem,
470                                           hwaddr ecam_base, hwaddr ecam_size,
471                                           hwaddr mmio_base, hwaddr mmio_size,
472                                           hwaddr high_mmio_base,
473                                           hwaddr high_mmio_size,
474                                           hwaddr pio_base,
475                                           DeviceState *plic)
476 {
477     DeviceState *dev;
478     MemoryRegion *ecam_alias, *ecam_reg;
479     MemoryRegion *mmio_alias, *high_mmio_alias, *mmio_reg;
480     qemu_irq irq;
481     int i;
482 
483     dev = qdev_new(TYPE_GPEX_HOST);
484 
485     sysbus_realize_and_unref(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), &error_fatal);
486 
487     ecam_alias = g_new0(MemoryRegion, 1);
488     ecam_reg = sysbus_mmio_get_region(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 0);
489     memory_region_init_alias(ecam_alias, OBJECT(dev), "pcie-ecam",
490                              ecam_reg, 0, ecam_size);
491     memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), ecam_base, ecam_alias);
492 
493     mmio_alias = g_new0(MemoryRegion, 1);
494     mmio_reg = sysbus_mmio_get_region(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 1);
495     memory_region_init_alias(mmio_alias, OBJECT(dev), "pcie-mmio",
496                              mmio_reg, mmio_base, mmio_size);
497     memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), mmio_base, mmio_alias);
498 
499     /* Map high MMIO space */
500     high_mmio_alias = g_new0(MemoryRegion, 1);
501     memory_region_init_alias(high_mmio_alias, OBJECT(dev), "pcie-mmio-high",
502                              mmio_reg, high_mmio_base, high_mmio_size);
503     memory_region_add_subregion(get_system_memory(), high_mmio_base,
504                                 high_mmio_alias);
505 
506     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), 2, pio_base);
507 
508     for (i = 0; i < GPEX_NUM_IRQS; i++) {
509         irq = qdev_get_gpio_in(plic, PCIE_IRQ + i);
510 
511         sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(dev), i, irq);
512         gpex_set_irq_num(GPEX_HOST(dev), i, PCIE_IRQ + i);
513     }
514 
515     return dev;
516 }
517 
518 static FWCfgState *create_fw_cfg(const MachineState *mc)
519 {
520     hwaddr base = virt_memmap[VIRT_FW_CFG].base;
521     hwaddr size = virt_memmap[VIRT_FW_CFG].size;
522     FWCfgState *fw_cfg;
523     char *nodename;
524 
525     fw_cfg = fw_cfg_init_mem_wide(base + 8, base, 8, base + 16,
526                                   &address_space_memory);
527     fw_cfg_add_i16(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_NB_CPUS, (uint16_t)mc->smp.cpus);
528 
529     nodename = g_strdup_printf("/fw-cfg@%" PRIx64, base);
530     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(mc->fdt, nodename);
531     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(mc->fdt, nodename,
532                             "compatible", "qemu,fw-cfg-mmio");
533     qemu_fdt_setprop_sized_cells(mc->fdt, nodename, "reg",
534                                  2, base, 2, size);
535     qemu_fdt_setprop(mc->fdt, nodename, "dma-coherent", NULL, 0);
536     g_free(nodename);
537     return fw_cfg;
538 }
539 
540 static void virt_machine_init(MachineState *machine)
541 {
542     const MemMapEntry *memmap = virt_memmap;
543     RISCVVirtState *s = RISCV_VIRT_MACHINE(machine);
544     MemoryRegion *system_memory = get_system_memory();
545     MemoryRegion *main_mem = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
546     MemoryRegion *mask_rom = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
547     char *plic_hart_config, *soc_name;
548     size_t plic_hart_config_len;
549     target_ulong start_addr = memmap[VIRT_DRAM].base;
550     target_ulong firmware_end_addr, kernel_start_addr;
551     uint32_t fdt_load_addr;
552     uint64_t kernel_entry;
553     DeviceState *mmio_plic, *virtio_plic, *pcie_plic;
554     int i, j, base_hartid, hart_count;
555 
556     /* Check socket count limit */
557     if (VIRT_SOCKETS_MAX < riscv_socket_count(machine)) {
558         error_report("number of sockets/nodes should be less than %d",
559             VIRT_SOCKETS_MAX);
560         exit(1);
561     }
562 
563     /* Initialize sockets */
564     mmio_plic = virtio_plic = pcie_plic = NULL;
565     for (i = 0; i < riscv_socket_count(machine); i++) {
566         if (!riscv_socket_check_hartids(machine, i)) {
567             error_report("discontinuous hartids in socket%d", i);
568             exit(1);
569         }
570 
571         base_hartid = riscv_socket_first_hartid(machine, i);
572         if (base_hartid < 0) {
573             error_report("can't find hartid base for socket%d", i);
574             exit(1);
575         }
576 
577         hart_count = riscv_socket_hart_count(machine, i);
578         if (hart_count < 0) {
579             error_report("can't find hart count for socket%d", i);
580             exit(1);
581         }
582 
583         soc_name = g_strdup_printf("soc%d", i);
584         object_initialize_child(OBJECT(machine), soc_name, &s->soc[i],
585                                 TYPE_RISCV_HART_ARRAY);
586         g_free(soc_name);
587         object_property_set_str(OBJECT(&s->soc[i]), "cpu-type",
588                                 machine->cpu_type, &error_abort);
589         object_property_set_int(OBJECT(&s->soc[i]), "hartid-base",
590                                 base_hartid, &error_abort);
591         object_property_set_int(OBJECT(&s->soc[i]), "num-harts",
592                                 hart_count, &error_abort);
593         sysbus_realize(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(&s->soc[i]), &error_abort);
594 
595         /* Per-socket CLINT */
596         sifive_clint_create(
597             memmap[VIRT_CLINT].base + i * memmap[VIRT_CLINT].size,
598             memmap[VIRT_CLINT].size, base_hartid, hart_count,
599             SIFIVE_SIP_BASE, SIFIVE_TIMECMP_BASE, SIFIVE_TIME_BASE,
600             SIFIVE_CLINT_TIMEBASE_FREQ, true);
601 
602         /* Per-socket PLIC hart topology configuration string */
603         plic_hart_config_len =
604             (strlen(VIRT_PLIC_HART_CONFIG) + 1) * hart_count;
605         plic_hart_config = g_malloc0(plic_hart_config_len);
606         for (j = 0; j < hart_count; j++) {
607             if (j != 0) {
608                 strncat(plic_hart_config, ",", plic_hart_config_len);
609             }
610             strncat(plic_hart_config, VIRT_PLIC_HART_CONFIG,
611                 plic_hart_config_len);
612             plic_hart_config_len -= (strlen(VIRT_PLIC_HART_CONFIG) + 1);
613         }
614 
615         /* Per-socket PLIC */
616         s->plic[i] = sifive_plic_create(
617             memmap[VIRT_PLIC].base + i * memmap[VIRT_PLIC].size,
618             plic_hart_config, base_hartid,
619             VIRT_PLIC_NUM_SOURCES,
620             VIRT_PLIC_NUM_PRIORITIES,
621             VIRT_PLIC_PRIORITY_BASE,
622             VIRT_PLIC_PENDING_BASE,
623             VIRT_PLIC_ENABLE_BASE,
624             VIRT_PLIC_ENABLE_STRIDE,
625             VIRT_PLIC_CONTEXT_BASE,
626             VIRT_PLIC_CONTEXT_STRIDE,
627             memmap[VIRT_PLIC].size);
628         g_free(plic_hart_config);
629 
630         /* Try to use different PLIC instance based device type */
631         if (i == 0) {
632             mmio_plic = s->plic[i];
633             virtio_plic = s->plic[i];
634             pcie_plic = s->plic[i];
635         }
636         if (i == 1) {
637             virtio_plic = s->plic[i];
638             pcie_plic = s->plic[i];
639         }
640         if (i == 2) {
641             pcie_plic = s->plic[i];
642         }
643     }
644 
645     if (riscv_is_32bit(&s->soc[0])) {
646 #if HOST_LONG_BITS == 64
647         /* limit RAM size in a 32-bit system */
648         if (machine->ram_size > 10 * GiB) {
649             machine->ram_size = 10 * GiB;
650             error_report("Limiting RAM size to 10 GiB");
651         }
652 #endif
653         virt_high_pcie_memmap.base = VIRT32_HIGH_PCIE_MMIO_BASE;
654         virt_high_pcie_memmap.size = VIRT32_HIGH_PCIE_MMIO_SIZE;
655     } else {
656         virt_high_pcie_memmap.size = VIRT64_HIGH_PCIE_MMIO_SIZE;
657         virt_high_pcie_memmap.base = memmap[VIRT_DRAM].base + machine->ram_size;
658         virt_high_pcie_memmap.base =
659             ROUND_UP(virt_high_pcie_memmap.base, virt_high_pcie_memmap.size);
660     }
661 
662     /* register system main memory (actual RAM) */
663     memory_region_init_ram(main_mem, NULL, "riscv_virt_board.ram",
664                            machine->ram_size, &error_fatal);
665     memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, memmap[VIRT_DRAM].base,
666         main_mem);
667 
668     /* create device tree */
669     create_fdt(s, memmap, machine->ram_size, machine->kernel_cmdline,
670                riscv_is_32bit(&s->soc[0]));
671 
672     /* boot rom */
673     memory_region_init_rom(mask_rom, NULL, "riscv_virt_board.mrom",
674                            memmap[VIRT_MROM].size, &error_fatal);
675     memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, memmap[VIRT_MROM].base,
676                                 mask_rom);
677 
678     if (riscv_is_32bit(&s->soc[0])) {
679         firmware_end_addr = riscv_find_and_load_firmware(machine,
680                                     "opensbi-riscv32-generic-fw_dynamic.bin",
681                                     start_addr, NULL);
682     } else {
683         firmware_end_addr = riscv_find_and_load_firmware(machine,
684                                     "opensbi-riscv64-generic-fw_dynamic.bin",
685                                     start_addr, NULL);
686     }
687 
688     if (machine->kernel_filename) {
689         kernel_start_addr = riscv_calc_kernel_start_addr(&s->soc[0],
690                                                          firmware_end_addr);
691 
692         kernel_entry = riscv_load_kernel(machine->kernel_filename,
693                                          kernel_start_addr, NULL);
694 
695         if (machine->initrd_filename) {
696             hwaddr start;
697             hwaddr end = riscv_load_initrd(machine->initrd_filename,
698                                            machine->ram_size, kernel_entry,
699                                            &start);
700             qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(machine->fdt, "/chosen",
701                                   "linux,initrd-start", start);
702             qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(machine->fdt, "/chosen", "linux,initrd-end",
703                                   end);
704         }
705     } else {
706        /*
707         * If dynamic firmware is used, it doesn't know where is the next mode
708         * if kernel argument is not set.
709         */
710         kernel_entry = 0;
711     }
712 
713     if (drive_get(IF_PFLASH, 0, 0)) {
714         /*
715          * Pflash was supplied, let's overwrite the address we jump to after
716          * reset to the base of the flash.
717          */
718         start_addr = virt_memmap[VIRT_FLASH].base;
719     }
720 
721     /*
722      * Init fw_cfg.  Must be done before riscv_load_fdt, otherwise the device
723      * tree cannot be altered and we get FDT_ERR_NOSPACE.
724      */
725     s->fw_cfg = create_fw_cfg(machine);
726     rom_set_fw(s->fw_cfg);
727 
728     /* Compute the fdt load address in dram */
729     fdt_load_addr = riscv_load_fdt(memmap[VIRT_DRAM].base,
730                                    machine->ram_size, machine->fdt);
731     /* load the reset vector */
732     riscv_setup_rom_reset_vec(machine, &s->soc[0], start_addr,
733                               virt_memmap[VIRT_MROM].base,
734                               virt_memmap[VIRT_MROM].size, kernel_entry,
735                               fdt_load_addr, machine->fdt);
736 
737     /* SiFive Test MMIO device */
738     sifive_test_create(memmap[VIRT_TEST].base);
739 
740     /* VirtIO MMIO devices */
741     for (i = 0; i < VIRTIO_COUNT; i++) {
742         sysbus_create_simple("virtio-mmio",
743             memmap[VIRT_VIRTIO].base + i * memmap[VIRT_VIRTIO].size,
744             qdev_get_gpio_in(DEVICE(virtio_plic), VIRTIO_IRQ + i));
745     }
746 
747     gpex_pcie_init(system_memory,
748                    memmap[VIRT_PCIE_ECAM].base,
749                    memmap[VIRT_PCIE_ECAM].size,
750                    memmap[VIRT_PCIE_MMIO].base,
751                    memmap[VIRT_PCIE_MMIO].size,
752                    virt_high_pcie_memmap.base,
753                    virt_high_pcie_memmap.size,
754                    memmap[VIRT_PCIE_PIO].base,
755                    DEVICE(pcie_plic));
756 
757     serial_mm_init(system_memory, memmap[VIRT_UART0].base,
758         0, qdev_get_gpio_in(DEVICE(mmio_plic), UART0_IRQ), 399193,
759         serial_hd(0), DEVICE_LITTLE_ENDIAN);
760 
761     sysbus_create_simple("goldfish_rtc", memmap[VIRT_RTC].base,
762         qdev_get_gpio_in(DEVICE(mmio_plic), RTC_IRQ));
763 
764     virt_flash_create(s);
765 
766     for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(s->flash); i++) {
767         /* Map legacy -drive if=pflash to machine properties */
768         pflash_cfi01_legacy_drive(s->flash[i],
769                                   drive_get(IF_PFLASH, 0, i));
770     }
771     virt_flash_map(s, system_memory);
772 }
773 
774 static void virt_machine_instance_init(Object *obj)
775 {
776 }
777 
778 static void virt_machine_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, void *data)
779 {
780     MachineClass *mc = MACHINE_CLASS(oc);
781 
782     mc->desc = "RISC-V VirtIO board";
783     mc->init = virt_machine_init;
784     mc->max_cpus = VIRT_CPUS_MAX;
785     mc->default_cpu_type = TYPE_RISCV_CPU_BASE;
786     mc->pci_allow_0_address = true;
787     mc->possible_cpu_arch_ids = riscv_numa_possible_cpu_arch_ids;
788     mc->cpu_index_to_instance_props = riscv_numa_cpu_index_to_props;
789     mc->get_default_cpu_node_id = riscv_numa_get_default_cpu_node_id;
790     mc->numa_mem_supported = true;
791 
792     machine_class_allow_dynamic_sysbus_dev(mc, TYPE_RAMFB_DEVICE);
793 }
794 
795 static const TypeInfo virt_machine_typeinfo = {
796     .name       = MACHINE_TYPE_NAME("virt"),
797     .parent     = TYPE_MACHINE,
798     .class_init = virt_machine_class_init,
799     .instance_init = virt_machine_instance_init,
800     .instance_size = sizeof(RISCVVirtState),
801 };
802 
803 static void virt_machine_init_register_types(void)
804 {
805     type_register_static(&virt_machine_typeinfo);
806 }
807 
808 type_init(virt_machine_init_register_types)
809