xref: /linux/fs/crypto/keysetup_v1.c (revision ab93e0dd72c37d378dd936f031ffb83ff2bd87ce)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 /*
3  * Key setup for v1 encryption policies
4  *
5  * Copyright 2015, 2019 Google LLC
6  */
7 
8 /*
9  * This file implements compatibility functions for the original encryption
10  * policy version ("v1"), including:
11  *
12  * - Deriving per-file encryption keys using the AES-128-ECB based KDF
13  *   (rather than the new method of using HKDF-SHA512)
14  *
15  * - Retrieving fscrypt master keys from process-subscribed keyrings
16  *   (rather than the new method of using a filesystem-level keyring)
17  *
18  * - Handling policies with the DIRECT_KEY flag set using a master key table
19  *   (rather than the new method of implementing DIRECT_KEY with per-mode keys
20  *    managed alongside the master keys in the filesystem-level keyring)
21  */
22 
23 #include <crypto/skcipher.h>
24 #include <crypto/utils.h>
25 #include <keys/user-type.h>
26 #include <linux/hashtable.h>
27 #include <linux/scatterlist.h>
28 
29 #include "fscrypt_private.h"
30 
31 /* Table of keys referenced by DIRECT_KEY policies */
32 static DEFINE_HASHTABLE(fscrypt_direct_keys, 6); /* 6 bits = 64 buckets */
33 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(fscrypt_direct_keys_lock);
34 
35 /*
36  * v1 key derivation function.  This generates the derived key by encrypting the
37  * master key with AES-128-ECB using the nonce as the AES key.  This provides a
38  * unique derived key with sufficient entropy for each inode.  However, it's
39  * nonstandard, non-extensible, doesn't evenly distribute the entropy from the
40  * master key, and is trivially reversible: an attacker who compromises a
41  * derived key can "decrypt" it to get back to the master key, then derive any
42  * other key.  For all new code, use HKDF instead.
43  *
44  * The master key must be at least as long as the derived key.  If the master
45  * key is longer, then only the first 'derived_keysize' bytes are used.
46  */
derive_key_aes(const u8 * master_key,const u8 nonce[FSCRYPT_FILE_NONCE_SIZE],u8 * derived_key,unsigned int derived_keysize)47 static int derive_key_aes(const u8 *master_key,
48 			  const u8 nonce[FSCRYPT_FILE_NONCE_SIZE],
49 			  u8 *derived_key, unsigned int derived_keysize)
50 {
51 	struct crypto_sync_skcipher *tfm;
52 	int err;
53 
54 	tfm = crypto_alloc_sync_skcipher("ecb(aes)", 0, FSCRYPT_CRYPTOAPI_MASK);
55 	if (IS_ERR(tfm))
56 		return PTR_ERR(tfm);
57 
58 	err = crypto_sync_skcipher_setkey(tfm, nonce, FSCRYPT_FILE_NONCE_SIZE);
59 	if (err == 0) {
60 		SYNC_SKCIPHER_REQUEST_ON_STACK(req, tfm);
61 		struct scatterlist src_sg, dst_sg;
62 
63 		skcipher_request_set_callback(req,
64 					      CRYPTO_TFM_REQ_MAY_BACKLOG |
65 						      CRYPTO_TFM_REQ_MAY_SLEEP,
66 					      NULL, NULL);
67 		sg_init_one(&src_sg, master_key, derived_keysize);
68 		sg_init_one(&dst_sg, derived_key, derived_keysize);
69 		skcipher_request_set_crypt(req, &src_sg, &dst_sg,
70 					   derived_keysize, NULL);
71 		err = crypto_skcipher_encrypt(req);
72 	}
73 	crypto_free_sync_skcipher(tfm);
74 	return err;
75 }
76 
77 /*
78  * Search the current task's subscribed keyrings for a "logon" key with
79  * description prefix:descriptor, and if found acquire a read lock on it and
80  * return a pointer to its validated payload in *payload_ret.
81  */
82 static struct key *
find_and_lock_process_key(const char * prefix,const u8 descriptor[FSCRYPT_KEY_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE],unsigned int min_keysize,const struct fscrypt_key ** payload_ret)83 find_and_lock_process_key(const char *prefix,
84 			  const u8 descriptor[FSCRYPT_KEY_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE],
85 			  unsigned int min_keysize,
86 			  const struct fscrypt_key **payload_ret)
87 {
88 	char *description;
89 	struct key *key;
90 	const struct user_key_payload *ukp;
91 	const struct fscrypt_key *payload;
92 
93 	description = kasprintf(GFP_KERNEL, "%s%*phN", prefix,
94 				FSCRYPT_KEY_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE, descriptor);
95 	if (!description)
96 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
97 
98 	key = request_key(&key_type_logon, description, NULL);
99 	kfree(description);
100 	if (IS_ERR(key))
101 		return key;
102 
103 	down_read(&key->sem);
104 	ukp = user_key_payload_locked(key);
105 
106 	if (!ukp) /* was the key revoked before we acquired its semaphore? */
107 		goto invalid;
108 
109 	payload = (const struct fscrypt_key *)ukp->data;
110 
111 	if (ukp->datalen != sizeof(struct fscrypt_key) ||
112 	    payload->size < 1 || payload->size > sizeof(payload->raw)) {
113 		fscrypt_warn(NULL,
114 			     "key with description '%s' has invalid payload",
115 			     key->description);
116 		goto invalid;
117 	}
118 
119 	if (payload->size < min_keysize) {
120 		fscrypt_warn(NULL,
121 			     "key with description '%s' is too short (got %u bytes, need %u+ bytes)",
122 			     key->description, payload->size, min_keysize);
123 		goto invalid;
124 	}
125 
126 	*payload_ret = payload;
127 	return key;
128 
129 invalid:
130 	up_read(&key->sem);
131 	key_put(key);
132 	return ERR_PTR(-ENOKEY);
133 }
134 
135 /* Master key referenced by DIRECT_KEY policy */
136 struct fscrypt_direct_key {
137 	struct super_block		*dk_sb;
138 	struct hlist_node		dk_node;
139 	refcount_t			dk_refcount;
140 	const struct fscrypt_mode	*dk_mode;
141 	struct fscrypt_prepared_key	dk_key;
142 	u8				dk_descriptor[FSCRYPT_KEY_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE];
143 	u8				dk_raw[FSCRYPT_MAX_RAW_KEY_SIZE];
144 };
145 
free_direct_key(struct fscrypt_direct_key * dk)146 static void free_direct_key(struct fscrypt_direct_key *dk)
147 {
148 	if (dk) {
149 		fscrypt_destroy_prepared_key(dk->dk_sb, &dk->dk_key);
150 		kfree_sensitive(dk);
151 	}
152 }
153 
fscrypt_put_direct_key(struct fscrypt_direct_key * dk)154 void fscrypt_put_direct_key(struct fscrypt_direct_key *dk)
155 {
156 	if (!refcount_dec_and_lock(&dk->dk_refcount, &fscrypt_direct_keys_lock))
157 		return;
158 	hash_del(&dk->dk_node);
159 	spin_unlock(&fscrypt_direct_keys_lock);
160 
161 	free_direct_key(dk);
162 }
163 
164 /*
165  * Find/insert the given key into the fscrypt_direct_keys table.  If found, it
166  * is returned with elevated refcount, and 'to_insert' is freed if non-NULL.  If
167  * not found, 'to_insert' is inserted and returned if it's non-NULL; otherwise
168  * NULL is returned.
169  */
170 static struct fscrypt_direct_key *
find_or_insert_direct_key(struct fscrypt_direct_key * to_insert,const u8 * raw_key,const struct fscrypt_inode_info * ci)171 find_or_insert_direct_key(struct fscrypt_direct_key *to_insert,
172 			  const u8 *raw_key,
173 			  const struct fscrypt_inode_info *ci)
174 {
175 	unsigned long hash_key;
176 	struct fscrypt_direct_key *dk;
177 
178 	/*
179 	 * Careful: to avoid potentially leaking secret key bytes via timing
180 	 * information, we must key the hash table by descriptor rather than by
181 	 * raw key, and use crypto_memneq() when comparing raw keys.
182 	 */
183 
184 	BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(hash_key) > FSCRYPT_KEY_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE);
185 	memcpy(&hash_key, ci->ci_policy.v1.master_key_descriptor,
186 	       sizeof(hash_key));
187 
188 	spin_lock(&fscrypt_direct_keys_lock);
189 	hash_for_each_possible(fscrypt_direct_keys, dk, dk_node, hash_key) {
190 		if (memcmp(ci->ci_policy.v1.master_key_descriptor,
191 			   dk->dk_descriptor, FSCRYPT_KEY_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE) != 0)
192 			continue;
193 		if (ci->ci_mode != dk->dk_mode)
194 			continue;
195 		if (!fscrypt_is_key_prepared(&dk->dk_key, ci))
196 			continue;
197 		if (crypto_memneq(raw_key, dk->dk_raw, ci->ci_mode->keysize))
198 			continue;
199 		/* using existing tfm with same (descriptor, mode, raw_key) */
200 		refcount_inc(&dk->dk_refcount);
201 		spin_unlock(&fscrypt_direct_keys_lock);
202 		free_direct_key(to_insert);
203 		return dk;
204 	}
205 	if (to_insert)
206 		hash_add(fscrypt_direct_keys, &to_insert->dk_node, hash_key);
207 	spin_unlock(&fscrypt_direct_keys_lock);
208 	return to_insert;
209 }
210 
211 /* Prepare to encrypt directly using the master key in the given mode */
212 static struct fscrypt_direct_key *
fscrypt_get_direct_key(const struct fscrypt_inode_info * ci,const u8 * raw_key)213 fscrypt_get_direct_key(const struct fscrypt_inode_info *ci, const u8 *raw_key)
214 {
215 	struct fscrypt_direct_key *dk;
216 	int err;
217 
218 	/* Is there already a tfm for this key? */
219 	dk = find_or_insert_direct_key(NULL, raw_key, ci);
220 	if (dk)
221 		return dk;
222 
223 	/* Nope, allocate one. */
224 	dk = kzalloc(sizeof(*dk), GFP_KERNEL);
225 	if (!dk)
226 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
227 	dk->dk_sb = ci->ci_inode->i_sb;
228 	refcount_set(&dk->dk_refcount, 1);
229 	dk->dk_mode = ci->ci_mode;
230 	err = fscrypt_prepare_key(&dk->dk_key, raw_key, ci);
231 	if (err)
232 		goto err_free_dk;
233 	memcpy(dk->dk_descriptor, ci->ci_policy.v1.master_key_descriptor,
234 	       FSCRYPT_KEY_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE);
235 	memcpy(dk->dk_raw, raw_key, ci->ci_mode->keysize);
236 
237 	return find_or_insert_direct_key(dk, raw_key, ci);
238 
239 err_free_dk:
240 	free_direct_key(dk);
241 	return ERR_PTR(err);
242 }
243 
244 /* v1 policy, DIRECT_KEY: use the master key directly */
setup_v1_file_key_direct(struct fscrypt_inode_info * ci,const u8 * raw_master_key)245 static int setup_v1_file_key_direct(struct fscrypt_inode_info *ci,
246 				    const u8 *raw_master_key)
247 {
248 	struct fscrypt_direct_key *dk;
249 
250 	dk = fscrypt_get_direct_key(ci, raw_master_key);
251 	if (IS_ERR(dk))
252 		return PTR_ERR(dk);
253 	ci->ci_direct_key = dk;
254 	ci->ci_enc_key = dk->dk_key;
255 	return 0;
256 }
257 
258 /* v1 policy, !DIRECT_KEY: derive the file's encryption key */
setup_v1_file_key_derived(struct fscrypt_inode_info * ci,const u8 * raw_master_key)259 static int setup_v1_file_key_derived(struct fscrypt_inode_info *ci,
260 				     const u8 *raw_master_key)
261 {
262 	u8 *derived_key;
263 	int err;
264 
265 	/*
266 	 * This cannot be a stack buffer because it will be passed to the
267 	 * scatterlist crypto API during derive_key_aes().
268 	 */
269 	derived_key = kmalloc(ci->ci_mode->keysize, GFP_KERNEL);
270 	if (!derived_key)
271 		return -ENOMEM;
272 
273 	err = derive_key_aes(raw_master_key, ci->ci_nonce,
274 			     derived_key, ci->ci_mode->keysize);
275 	if (err)
276 		goto out;
277 
278 	err = fscrypt_set_per_file_enc_key(ci, derived_key);
279 out:
280 	kfree_sensitive(derived_key);
281 	return err;
282 }
283 
fscrypt_setup_v1_file_key(struct fscrypt_inode_info * ci,const u8 * raw_master_key)284 int fscrypt_setup_v1_file_key(struct fscrypt_inode_info *ci,
285 			      const u8 *raw_master_key)
286 {
287 	if (ci->ci_policy.v1.flags & FSCRYPT_POLICY_FLAG_DIRECT_KEY)
288 		return setup_v1_file_key_direct(ci, raw_master_key);
289 	else
290 		return setup_v1_file_key_derived(ci, raw_master_key);
291 }
292 
293 int
fscrypt_setup_v1_file_key_via_subscribed_keyrings(struct fscrypt_inode_info * ci)294 fscrypt_setup_v1_file_key_via_subscribed_keyrings(struct fscrypt_inode_info *ci)
295 {
296 	const struct super_block *sb = ci->ci_inode->i_sb;
297 	struct key *key;
298 	const struct fscrypt_key *payload;
299 	int err;
300 
301 	key = find_and_lock_process_key(FSCRYPT_KEY_DESC_PREFIX,
302 					ci->ci_policy.v1.master_key_descriptor,
303 					ci->ci_mode->keysize, &payload);
304 	if (key == ERR_PTR(-ENOKEY) && sb->s_cop->legacy_key_prefix) {
305 		key = find_and_lock_process_key(sb->s_cop->legacy_key_prefix,
306 						ci->ci_policy.v1.master_key_descriptor,
307 						ci->ci_mode->keysize, &payload);
308 	}
309 	if (IS_ERR(key))
310 		return PTR_ERR(key);
311 
312 	err = fscrypt_setup_v1_file_key(ci, payload->raw);
313 	up_read(&key->sem);
314 	key_put(key);
315 	return err;
316 }
317