xref: /src/lib/libc/stdio/printfcommon.h (revision 8e6843db9bc5af14b0ee631081ecaf1f02ce821a)
1814d1bc9SDavid Schultz /*-
28a16b7a1SPedro F. Giffuni  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
38a16b7a1SPedro F. Giffuni  *
4814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  * Copyright (c) 1990, 1993
5814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
6814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  *
7814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
8814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  * Chris Torek.
9814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  *
103c87aa1dSDavid Chisnall  * Copyright (c) 2011 The FreeBSD Foundation
115b5fa75aSEd Maste  *
123c87aa1dSDavid Chisnall  * Portions of this software were developed by David Chisnall
133c87aa1dSDavid Chisnall  * under sponsorship from the FreeBSD Foundation.
143c87aa1dSDavid Chisnall  *
15814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
16814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
17814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  * are met:
18814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
19814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
20814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
21814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
22814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
23fbbd9655SWarner Losh  * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
24814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
25814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  *    without specific prior written permission.
26814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  *
27814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
28814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
29814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
30814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
31814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
32814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
33814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
34814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
35814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
36814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
37814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  * SUCH DAMAGE.
38814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  */
39814d1bc9SDavid Schultz 
40814d1bc9SDavid Schultz /*
41814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  * This file defines common routines used by both printf and wprintf.
42814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  * You must define CHAR to either char or wchar_t prior to including this.
43814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  */
44814d1bc9SDavid Schultz 
450a492640SDavid Schultz 
460a492640SDavid Schultz 
470a492640SDavid Schultz #define	dtoa		__dtoa
480a492640SDavid Schultz #define	freedtoa	__freedtoa
490a492640SDavid Schultz 
500a492640SDavid Schultz #include <float.h>
510a492640SDavid Schultz #include <math.h>
520a492640SDavid Schultz #include "floatio.h"
530a492640SDavid Schultz #include "gdtoa.h"
540a492640SDavid Schultz 
550a492640SDavid Schultz #define	DEFPREC		6
560a492640SDavid Schultz 
570a492640SDavid Schultz static int exponent(CHAR *, int, CHAR);
580a492640SDavid Schultz 
590a492640SDavid Schultz 
6021ca178eSDavid Schultz static CHAR	*__ujtoa(uintmax_t, CHAR *, int, int, const char *);
6121ca178eSDavid Schultz static CHAR	*__ultoa(u_long, CHAR *, int, int, const char *);
620a492640SDavid Schultz 
63814d1bc9SDavid Schultz #define NIOV 8
64814d1bc9SDavid Schultz struct io_state {
65814d1bc9SDavid Schultz 	FILE *fp;
66814d1bc9SDavid Schultz 	struct __suio uio;	/* output information: summary */
67814d1bc9SDavid Schultz 	struct __siov iov[NIOV];/* ... and individual io vectors */
68814d1bc9SDavid Schultz };
69814d1bc9SDavid Schultz 
70814d1bc9SDavid Schultz static inline void
io_init(struct io_state * iop,FILE * fp)71814d1bc9SDavid Schultz io_init(struct io_state *iop, FILE *fp)
72814d1bc9SDavid Schultz {
73814d1bc9SDavid Schultz 
746ec35123SDavid Schultz 	iop->uio.uio_iov = iop->iov;
75814d1bc9SDavid Schultz 	iop->uio.uio_resid = 0;
76814d1bc9SDavid Schultz 	iop->uio.uio_iovcnt = 0;
77814d1bc9SDavid Schultz 	iop->fp = fp;
78814d1bc9SDavid Schultz }
79814d1bc9SDavid Schultz 
80814d1bc9SDavid Schultz /*
81814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  * WARNING: The buffer passed to io_print() is not copied immediately; it must
82814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  * remain valid until io_flush() is called.
83814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  */
84814d1bc9SDavid Schultz static inline int
io_print(struct io_state * iop,const CHAR * __restrict ptr,int len,locale_t locale)853c87aa1dSDavid Chisnall io_print(struct io_state *iop, const CHAR * __restrict ptr, int len, locale_t locale)
86814d1bc9SDavid Schultz {
87814d1bc9SDavid Schultz 
886ec35123SDavid Schultz 	iop->iov[iop->uio.uio_iovcnt].iov_base = (char *)ptr;
896ec35123SDavid Schultz 	iop->iov[iop->uio.uio_iovcnt].iov_len = len;
90814d1bc9SDavid Schultz 	iop->uio.uio_resid += len;
916ec35123SDavid Schultz 	if (++iop->uio.uio_iovcnt >= NIOV)
923c87aa1dSDavid Chisnall 		return (__sprint(iop->fp, &iop->uio, locale));
936ec35123SDavid Schultz 	else
94814d1bc9SDavid Schultz 		return (0);
95814d1bc9SDavid Schultz }
96814d1bc9SDavid Schultz 
97814d1bc9SDavid Schultz /*
98814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  * Choose PADSIZE to trade efficiency vs. size.  If larger printf
99814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  * fields occur frequently, increase PADSIZE and make the initialisers
100814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  * below longer.
101814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  */
102814d1bc9SDavid Schultz #define	PADSIZE	16		/* pad chunk size */
103814d1bc9SDavid Schultz static const CHAR blanks[PADSIZE] =
104814d1bc9SDavid Schultz {' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' ',' '};
105814d1bc9SDavid Schultz static const CHAR zeroes[PADSIZE] =
106814d1bc9SDavid Schultz {'0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0','0'};
107814d1bc9SDavid Schultz 
108814d1bc9SDavid Schultz /*
109814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  * Pad with blanks or zeroes. 'with' should point to either the blanks array
110814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  * or the zeroes array.
111814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  */
112814d1bc9SDavid Schultz static inline int
io_pad(struct io_state * iop,int howmany,const CHAR * __restrict with,locale_t locale)1133c87aa1dSDavid Chisnall io_pad(struct io_state *iop, int howmany, const CHAR * __restrict with,
1143c87aa1dSDavid Chisnall 		locale_t locale)
115814d1bc9SDavid Schultz {
1166ec35123SDavid Schultz 	int n;
117814d1bc9SDavid Schultz 
1186ec35123SDavid Schultz 	while (howmany > 0) {
1196ec35123SDavid Schultz 		n = (howmany >= PADSIZE) ? PADSIZE : howmany;
1203c87aa1dSDavid Chisnall 		if (io_print(iop, with, n, locale))
121814d1bc9SDavid Schultz 			return (-1);
1226ec35123SDavid Schultz 		howmany -= n;
123814d1bc9SDavid Schultz 	}
124814d1bc9SDavid Schultz 	return (0);
125814d1bc9SDavid Schultz }
126814d1bc9SDavid Schultz 
127814d1bc9SDavid Schultz /*
128814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  * Print exactly len characters of the string spanning p to ep, truncating
129814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  * or padding with 'with' as necessary.
130814d1bc9SDavid Schultz  */
131814d1bc9SDavid Schultz static inline int
io_printandpad(struct io_state * iop,const CHAR * p,const CHAR * ep,int len,const CHAR * __restrict with,locale_t locale)132814d1bc9SDavid Schultz io_printandpad(struct io_state *iop, const CHAR *p, const CHAR *ep,
1333c87aa1dSDavid Chisnall 	       int len, const CHAR * __restrict with, locale_t locale)
134814d1bc9SDavid Schultz {
135814d1bc9SDavid Schultz 	int p_len;
136814d1bc9SDavid Schultz 
137814d1bc9SDavid Schultz 	p_len = ep - p;
138814d1bc9SDavid Schultz 	if (p_len > len)
139814d1bc9SDavid Schultz 		p_len = len;
1406ec35123SDavid Schultz 	if (p_len > 0) {
1413c87aa1dSDavid Chisnall 		if (io_print(iop, p, p_len, locale))
142814d1bc9SDavid Schultz 			return (-1);
1436ec35123SDavid Schultz 	} else {
1446ec35123SDavid Schultz 		p_len = 0;
1456ec35123SDavid Schultz 	}
1463c87aa1dSDavid Chisnall 	return (io_pad(iop, len - p_len, with, locale));
147814d1bc9SDavid Schultz }
148814d1bc9SDavid Schultz 
149814d1bc9SDavid Schultz static inline int
io_flush(struct io_state * iop,locale_t locale)1503c87aa1dSDavid Chisnall io_flush(struct io_state *iop, locale_t locale)
151814d1bc9SDavid Schultz {
152814d1bc9SDavid Schultz 
1533c87aa1dSDavid Chisnall 	return (__sprint(iop->fp, &iop->uio, locale));
154814d1bc9SDavid Schultz }
1550a492640SDavid Schultz 
1560a492640SDavid Schultz /*
1570a492640SDavid Schultz  * Convert an unsigned long to ASCII for printf purposes, returning
1580a492640SDavid Schultz  * a pointer to the first character of the string representation.
1590a492640SDavid Schultz  * Octal numbers can be forced to have a leading zero; hex numbers
1600a492640SDavid Schultz  * use the given digits.
1610a492640SDavid Schultz  */
1620a492640SDavid Schultz static CHAR *
__ultoa(u_long val,CHAR * endp,int base,int octzero,const char * xdigs)16321ca178eSDavid Schultz __ultoa(u_long val, CHAR *endp, int base, int octzero, const char *xdigs)
1640a492640SDavid Schultz {
1650a492640SDavid Schultz 	CHAR *cp = endp;
1660a492640SDavid Schultz 	long sval;
1670a492640SDavid Schultz 
1680a492640SDavid Schultz 	/*
1690a492640SDavid Schultz 	 * Handle the three cases separately, in the hope of getting
1700a492640SDavid Schultz 	 * better/faster code.
1710a492640SDavid Schultz 	 */
1720a492640SDavid Schultz 	switch (base) {
1730a492640SDavid Schultz 	case 10:
1740a492640SDavid Schultz 		if (val < 10) {	/* many numbers are 1 digit */
1750a492640SDavid Schultz 			*--cp = to_char(val);
1760a492640SDavid Schultz 			return (cp);
1770a492640SDavid Schultz 		}
1780a492640SDavid Schultz 		/*
1790a492640SDavid Schultz 		 * On many machines, unsigned arithmetic is harder than
1800a492640SDavid Schultz 		 * signed arithmetic, so we do at most one unsigned mod and
1810a492640SDavid Schultz 		 * divide; this is sufficient to reduce the range of
1820a492640SDavid Schultz 		 * the incoming value to where signed arithmetic works.
1830a492640SDavid Schultz 		 */
1840a492640SDavid Schultz 		if (val > LONG_MAX) {
1850a492640SDavid Schultz 			*--cp = to_char(val % 10);
1860a492640SDavid Schultz 			sval = val / 10;
1870a492640SDavid Schultz 		} else
1880a492640SDavid Schultz 			sval = val;
1890a492640SDavid Schultz 		do {
1900a492640SDavid Schultz 			*--cp = to_char(sval % 10);
1910a492640SDavid Schultz 			sval /= 10;
1920a492640SDavid Schultz 		} while (sval != 0);
1930a492640SDavid Schultz 		break;
1940a492640SDavid Schultz 
195d9dc1603SDag-Erling Smørgrav 	case 2:
196d9dc1603SDag-Erling Smørgrav 		do {
197d9dc1603SDag-Erling Smørgrav 			*--cp = to_char(val & 1);
198d9dc1603SDag-Erling Smørgrav 			val >>= 1;
199d9dc1603SDag-Erling Smørgrav 		} while (val);
200d9dc1603SDag-Erling Smørgrav 		break;
201d9dc1603SDag-Erling Smørgrav 
2020a492640SDavid Schultz 	case 8:
2030a492640SDavid Schultz 		do {
2040a492640SDavid Schultz 			*--cp = to_char(val & 7);
2050a492640SDavid Schultz 			val >>= 3;
2060a492640SDavid Schultz 		} while (val);
2070a492640SDavid Schultz 		if (octzero && *cp != '0')
2080a492640SDavid Schultz 			*--cp = '0';
2090a492640SDavid Schultz 		break;
2100a492640SDavid Schultz 
2110a492640SDavid Schultz 	case 16:
2120a492640SDavid Schultz 		do {
2130a492640SDavid Schultz 			*--cp = xdigs[val & 15];
2140a492640SDavid Schultz 			val >>= 4;
2150a492640SDavid Schultz 		} while (val);
2160a492640SDavid Schultz 		break;
2170a492640SDavid Schultz 
2180a492640SDavid Schultz 	default:			/* oops */
2190a492640SDavid Schultz 		abort();
2200a492640SDavid Schultz 	}
2210a492640SDavid Schultz 	return (cp);
2220a492640SDavid Schultz }
2230a492640SDavid Schultz 
2240a492640SDavid Schultz /* Identical to __ultoa, but for intmax_t. */
2250a492640SDavid Schultz static CHAR *
__ujtoa(uintmax_t val,CHAR * endp,int base,int octzero,const char * xdigs)22621ca178eSDavid Schultz __ujtoa(uintmax_t val, CHAR *endp, int base, int octzero, const char *xdigs)
2270a492640SDavid Schultz {
2280a492640SDavid Schultz 	CHAR *cp = endp;
2290a492640SDavid Schultz 	intmax_t sval;
2300a492640SDavid Schultz 
2310a492640SDavid Schultz 	/* quick test for small values; __ultoa is typically much faster */
2320a492640SDavid Schultz 	/* (perhaps instead we should run until small, then call __ultoa?) */
2330a492640SDavid Schultz 	if (val <= ULONG_MAX)
23421ca178eSDavid Schultz 		return (__ultoa((u_long)val, endp, base, octzero, xdigs));
2350a492640SDavid Schultz 	switch (base) {
2360a492640SDavid Schultz 	case 10:
2370a492640SDavid Schultz 		if (val < 10) {
2380a492640SDavid Schultz 			*--cp = to_char(val % 10);
2390a492640SDavid Schultz 			return (cp);
2400a492640SDavid Schultz 		}
2410a492640SDavid Schultz 		if (val > INTMAX_MAX) {
2420a492640SDavid Schultz 			*--cp = to_char(val % 10);
2430a492640SDavid Schultz 			sval = val / 10;
2440a492640SDavid Schultz 		} else
2450a492640SDavid Schultz 			sval = val;
2460a492640SDavid Schultz 		do {
2470a492640SDavid Schultz 			*--cp = to_char(sval % 10);
2480a492640SDavid Schultz 			sval /= 10;
2490a492640SDavid Schultz 		} while (sval != 0);
2500a492640SDavid Schultz 		break;
2510a492640SDavid Schultz 
252d9dc1603SDag-Erling Smørgrav 	case 2:
253d9dc1603SDag-Erling Smørgrav 		do {
254d9dc1603SDag-Erling Smørgrav 			*--cp = to_char(val & 1);
255d9dc1603SDag-Erling Smørgrav 			val >>= 1;
256d9dc1603SDag-Erling Smørgrav 		} while (val);
257d9dc1603SDag-Erling Smørgrav 		break;
258d9dc1603SDag-Erling Smørgrav 
2590a492640SDavid Schultz 	case 8:
2600a492640SDavid Schultz 		do {
2610a492640SDavid Schultz 			*--cp = to_char(val & 7);
2620a492640SDavid Schultz 			val >>= 3;
2630a492640SDavid Schultz 		} while (val);
2640a492640SDavid Schultz 		if (octzero && *cp != '0')
2650a492640SDavid Schultz 			*--cp = '0';
2660a492640SDavid Schultz 		break;
2670a492640SDavid Schultz 
2680a492640SDavid Schultz 	case 16:
2690a492640SDavid Schultz 		do {
2700a492640SDavid Schultz 			*--cp = xdigs[val & 15];
2710a492640SDavid Schultz 			val >>= 4;
2720a492640SDavid Schultz 		} while (val);
2730a492640SDavid Schultz 		break;
2740a492640SDavid Schultz 
2750a492640SDavid Schultz 	default:
2760a492640SDavid Schultz 		abort();
2770a492640SDavid Schultz 	}
2780a492640SDavid Schultz 	return (cp);
2790a492640SDavid Schultz }
2800a492640SDavid Schultz 
2810a492640SDavid Schultz 
2820a492640SDavid Schultz static int
exponent(CHAR * p0,int exp,CHAR fmtch)2830a492640SDavid Schultz exponent(CHAR *p0, int exp, CHAR fmtch)
2840a492640SDavid Schultz {
2850a492640SDavid Schultz 	CHAR *p, *t;
2860a492640SDavid Schultz 	CHAR expbuf[MAXEXPDIG];
2870a492640SDavid Schultz 
2880a492640SDavid Schultz 	p = p0;
2890a492640SDavid Schultz 	*p++ = fmtch;
2900a492640SDavid Schultz 	if (exp < 0) {
2910a492640SDavid Schultz 		exp = -exp;
2920a492640SDavid Schultz 		*p++ = '-';
2930a492640SDavid Schultz 	}
2940a492640SDavid Schultz 	else
2950a492640SDavid Schultz 		*p++ = '+';
2960a492640SDavid Schultz 	t = expbuf + MAXEXPDIG;
2970a492640SDavid Schultz 	if (exp > 9) {
2980a492640SDavid Schultz 		do {
2990a492640SDavid Schultz 			*--t = to_char(exp % 10);
3000a492640SDavid Schultz 		} while ((exp /= 10) > 9);
3010a492640SDavid Schultz 		*--t = to_char(exp);
3020a492640SDavid Schultz 		for (; t < expbuf + MAXEXPDIG; *p++ = *t++);
3030a492640SDavid Schultz 	}
3040a492640SDavid Schultz 	else {
3050a492640SDavid Schultz 		/*
3060a492640SDavid Schultz 		 * Exponents for decimal floating point conversions
3070a492640SDavid Schultz 		 * (%[eEgG]) must be at least two characters long,
3080a492640SDavid Schultz 		 * whereas exponents for hexadecimal conversions can
3090a492640SDavid Schultz 		 * be only one character long.
3100a492640SDavid Schultz 		 */
3110a492640SDavid Schultz 		if (fmtch == 'e' || fmtch == 'E')
3120a492640SDavid Schultz 			*p++ = '0';
3130a492640SDavid Schultz 		*p++ = to_char(exp);
3140a492640SDavid Schultz 	}
3150a492640SDavid Schultz 	return (p - p0);
3160a492640SDavid Schultz }
3170a492640SDavid Schultz 
318