1Updating Information for users of FreeBSD-CURRENT. 2 3This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>. 4See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the 5COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you 6basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD 7handbook: 8 9 https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/handbook/cutting-edge/#makeworld 10 11Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in 12/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before updating system packages 13and/or ports. 14 15NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 16.x IS SLOW: 16 FreeBSD 16.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel 17 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of 18 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity 19 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact 20 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement, 21 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This 22 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc 23 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the 24 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build 25 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc 26 debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild 27 world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality 28 at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".) 29 3020250923: 31 Several changes which affect pkgbase users (only): 32 33 powerd has been moved to a new FreeBSD-powerd package. If you have 34 FreeBSD-set-minimal installed, the new package will be installed 35 automatically, otherwise you may want to install it by hand. 36 37 libpmc and related utilities (/usr/sbin/pmc*) have moved to the new 38 FreeBSD-pmc package. If you use these, you may want to install the 39 package. 40 4120250918: 42 mandoc (including /usr/bin/man) has been moved to a new package, 43 FreeBSD-mandoc. If you have the minimal set installed, this package 44 will be installed automatically, otherwise you may want to install it. 45 46 Kyua has been moved to the FreeBSD-kyua package, and ATF has been moved 47 to the FreeBSD-atf* packages. If you have FreeBSD-tests installed, 48 these packages will be installed automatically, otherwise you should 49 manually install them if you need these tools. 50 51 This only affects pkgbase users. 52 5320250912: 54 If SRCCONF is unset and a file named src.conf is present at 55 the top of the source tree, it will now be used instead of 56 /etc/src.conf. 57 5820250907: 59 The MANSPLITPKG knob has been turned off by default, so pkgbase builds 60 will no longer generate "-man" subpackages; instead the manpages will 61 be shipped in the packages they belong to. If you want to continue 62 building split man packages, set WITH_MANSPLITPKG=1. 63 6420250905: 65 FreeBSD 16.0-CURRENT. 66 6720250903: 68 The BLOAT_KERNEL_WITH_EXTERR kernel config option has been renamed to 69 EXTERR_STRINGS. 70 7120250827: 72 The names of pkg repositories defined in /etc/pkg/FreeBSD.conf have 73 changed: "FreeBSD" is now "FreeBSD-ports", and "FreeBSD-kmods" is now 74 "FreeBSD-ports-kmods". Users with /usr/local/etc/pkg/repos files 75 which override these will need to adjust their configuration to match 76 the new names. 77 7820250823: 79 The set of pkgbase packages for Kerberos and OpenSSL has changed. 80 After updating past 250e77d4f0a5, you should check 'pkg orphans' 81 and remove any orphaned packages, then examine the output of 82 'pkg install -r base -g FreeBSD-openssl\* FreeBSD-kerberos\*' 83 and install any new packages you need. 84 8520250823: 86 To restore bridge(4)'s ABI compatibility with ifconfig from 14.x or 87 earlier, the size of struct ifbreq has changed, so you must update 88 the kernel and /sbin/ifconfig at the same time or you will not be 89 able to add interfaces to bridge. This is particularly important 90 if you require bridge for network access during boot, in which case 91 you should install the new kernel and the new /sbin/ifconfig prior 92 to rebooting. 93 9420250820: 95 The WITHOUT_GSSAPI src.conf knob has been removed. This was already 96 a no-op for MIT Kerberos, so this only affects builds which set 97 WITHOUT_MITKRB5=1, in which case you now always get libgssapi. 98 99 Also, Heimdal's compile_et and libcom_err are now controlled by 100 WITHOUT_KERBEROS, not WITHOUT_KERBEROS_SUPPORT. This matches 101 the behaviour of the MIT Kerberos versions. 102 10320250820: 104 Commits 08c7dd2fbe4f and a4197ea47777 have changed the ABI between 105 libvmmapi and the vmm device. If using a custom kernel configuration, 106 please ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD14 option is included so older 107 versions of libvmmapi continue working as expected. 108 10920250819: 110 The CLEAN option has been switched back from default-on to default-off. 111 This reverts the 20250808 change below, which had reverted the 20240729 112 change before it. Note that some src.conf(5) options are known to break 113 ABI or compatibility in ways that may require a clean build initially 114 when switched. 115 11620250816: 117 Sendmail's libmilter has been moved to its own package. If you want 118 to compile applications that use libmilter, you should install the 119 FreeBSD-libmilter* packages. 120 121 If you only have FreeBSD-sendmail installed for applications that 122 require libmilter, you can now remove it. 123 12420250815: 125 The [gs]etgroups(2)syscalls have changed. To maintain backwards 126 compatibility with existing programs, you need COMPAT_FREEBSD14 in 127 your kernel config until all applications which use this are 128 rebuild/reinstalled. 129 13020250815: 131 jemalloc 5.3.0 has been committed to the tree. 132 13320250815: 134 The removal of Secure RPC DES authentication noted in 20250810 135 has been reverted. (However, it is still non-functional.) 136 13720250813: 138 Commit cce64f2e6851 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 139 modules. As such, all of them need to be rebuilt from sources. 140 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped to 1500060 already today, 141 so I will not bump it again for this. 142 14320250813: 144 The gpiobus_attach_bus() function has been removed. Drivers should now 145 use the gpiobus_add_bus() function instead. The difference being that 146 gpiobus_add_bus() doesn't call bus_attach_children(), calling it will 147 be the responsibility of the caller now. 148 14920250810: 150 Support for Secure RPC DES authentication has been removed. 151 The keyserv(8) daemon was already removed, but support for it in libc 152 has also been removed, so if you somehow still had keyserv installed, 153 it will now stop working. There is no workaround for this. Removing 154 DES is considered a feature. 155 15620250808: 157 The CLEAN option has been switched back from default-off to 158 default-on. This reverts the 20240729 change below. 159 16020250807: 161 routed(8) and route6d(8) have moved to the FreeBSD-rip package. 162 If you use either of these, you should install the new package. 163 16420250806: 165 if_epair(4) now uses ether_gen_addr(9) to generate a stable MAC 166 address. 167 To keep using the random address, set the loader tunable 168 net.link.epair.ether_gen_addr=0. 169 17020250804: 171 bsdconfig (including sysrc(8)) has moved to the new bsdconfig 172 package. If you use pkgbase and wish to use bsdconfig, you should 173 install FreeBSD-bsdconfig. 174 17520250730: 176 The usbhid(4) USB HID driver is now enabled by default, and will be 177 used in preference to other USB HID drivers like ukbd(4), ums(4), and 178 uhid(4). Work on a FIDO/U2F driver and moused(8) is in progress. 179 The default is being switched now so that we can find and fix any 180 additional issues prior to FreeBSD 15.0. 181 182 To revert to the previous USB HID driver behavior, set the loader 183 tunable hw.usb.usbhid.enable=0. 184 18520250727: 186 bmake (i.e., /usr/bin/make and /usr/share/mk) has moved to a new 187 package, FreeBSD-bmake. If you use pkgbase and you need make, you 188 should install this package. 189 19020250726: 191 amd64 kernel configurations must contain "options SMP". 192 19320250725: 194 gssd(8) has been moved to a new package, FreeBSD-gssd. If you use 195 pkgbase and you need gssd, you should install this package. 196 19720250724: 198 The Kerberos packages which are built when WITH_MITKRB5 is enabled 199 have been renamed from FreeBSD-krb5* to FreeBSD-kerberos*. This 200 affects pkgbase users who manually enabled WITH_MITKRB5, *or* use 201 the default value of WITH_MITKRB5 and updated past c7da9fb90b0b 202 (20250721) which made WITH_MITKRB5 the default. 203 204 In either case, if you have FreeBSD-krb5* packages installed, you 205 should remove them and (re)install the equivalent FreeBSD-kerberos* 206 packages instead. 207 20820250721: 209 WITH_MITKRB5 is now enabled by default. MIT KRB5 has replaced 210 Heimdal in base. Ports that use USES=gssapi must be rebuilt. 211 A clean buildworld is required. 212 21320250719: 214 Commits 392a82b225 and c00baac0ab both changed the 215 internal API between the NFS modules. As such, all 216 these modules need to be rebuilt from sources. 217 __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 1500053 for this. 218 21920250710: 220 The shar(1) utility has been removed from base. The 221 sysutils/freebsd-shar port was created to maintain this version of 222 shar(1) past its removal from base. 223 22420250704: 225 LinuxKPI device.h and acpi changes effecting drivers and drm-kmod. 226 Bump __FreeBSD_version 1500050 to be able to detect these changes. 227 22820250630: 229 Commits 171f66b0c2ca and 8e2a90ac8089 changed the internal 230 api between nfscommon.ko and the other nfs modules. 231 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1500049 for this. 232 All NFS related modules must be rebuilt from up-to-date 233 sources. 234 23520250625: 236 "make delete-old" will now remove the Forth bootloader entirely 237 if the system is built with WITHOUT_FORTH. 238 23920250614: 240 MIT KRB5 (MIT Kerberos5) has been imported into 15-CURRENT. To 241 and install MIT KRB5, add WITH_MITKRB5=yes to /etc/src.conf. This 242 will build and install MIT KRB5 1.21.3. And it will remove Heimdal 243 1.5.2 when delete-old and delete-old-libs are run. To revert back 244 simply buildworld/installworld again with delete-old-libs and 245 delete-old. 246 247 At the moment we only know of a couple of ports that might be 248 affected. Adjusting libmap.conf does not circumvent runtime issues. 249 The few affected ports must be rebuilt. A successful exp-run will be 250 run before MIT KRB5 becomes default. 251 252 Those using the KDC in FreeBSD base may wish to wait. The Heimdal 253 HDB is incompatible with the MIT KRB5 KDC. The migration procedure 254 is a little involved. 255 25620250603: 257 LinuxKPI dma-mapping.h were pulled into the tree from drm-kmod. 258 Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1500045 to be able to detect this change. 259 26020250527: 261 pf changed extension header handling. It now treats AH headers on IPv4 just 262 like AH headers on IPv6 and skips over them, allowing filtering on the inner 263 protocol. 264 26520250527: 266 pf now blocks IPv6 packets with a hop-by-hop or destination options header by 267 default. Such packets can be passed by adding "allow-opts" to the rule. IPv6 268 options are now handled just like their IPv4 counterparts. 269 27020250527: 271 The CAM target layer userland, i.e. ctld(8), ctladm(8) and ctlstat(8), 272 has moved to the new FreeBSD-ctl package. If you use pkgbase and you 273 need the CAM Target Layer, you should install the new package. 274 275 Development-related tools (e.g. ar and nm) have moved to the new 276 "FreeBSD-toolchain" package, which subsumes and obsoletes the 277 existing "FreeBSD-elftoolchain" package. If you use pkgbase and 278 need to compile software, you should install the new package and 279 ensure the old FreeBSD-elftoolchain* packages are completely removed. 280 28120250521: 282 Commit e64fe5ad3a23 removed in6_maxmtu and its setter in6_setmaxmtu(). 283 in6_maxmtu is used to store the max IPv6 MTU of all interfaces, 284 however it does not have any in-tree consumers since the introduction 285 from the KAME project. The removal should have little impact, and the 286 max IPv6 MTU can be easily retrieved by iterating over all the attached 287 interface if 3rd party modules need it. 288 28920250515: 290 Commit 772258c89f28 changed the internal API between the nfscommon 291 and nfscl modules. Both need to be built from updated sources. 292 29320250513: 294 The bridge(4) sysctl net.link.bridge.member_ifaddrs now defaults to 0, 295 meaning that interfaces added to a bridge may not have IP addresses 296 assigned. Refer to bridge(4) for more information. 297 29820250507: 299 UMASS quirks and auto-quirk probing has been overhauled. CAM now won't 300 send SYNCHRONIZE CACHE unless MODE PAGE 8 is present and valid. This 301 should allow more devices to work (since the auto quirk code was updated 302 in 14 and broke several e-readers and the like). Please send imp@freebsd.org 303 any regression reports. 304 30520250504: 306 Commit 9419e086e1a3 changed the internal API between the nfscommon 307 and nfscl modules. Both need to be built from updated sources. 308 30920250412: 310 LinuxKPI alloc routines were changed to return physically contiguous 311 memory where expected. These changes may require out-of-tree drivers 312 to be recompiled. 313 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1500037 to be able to detect this change. 314 31520250409: 316 Intel iwlwifi firmware has been removed from the src repository. 317 Before updating their system, users of iwlwifi(4) or iwx(4) must 318 install the appropriate firmware for their chipset using fwget(8) or 319 building it from ports. 320 32120250314: 322 We now use LLVM's binary utilities (nm, objcopy, etc.) by default. 323 The WITHOUT_LLVM_BINUTILS src.conf(5) knob can be used to revert to 324 ELF Tool Chain tools if desired. 325 32620250303: 327 Commit 4a77657cbc01 changed the ABI between ipfw(8) and ipfw(4). 328 Please note that the old ipfw(8) binary will not work with the new 329 ipfw(4) module. Therefore, it is recommended to disable ipfw during 330 the upgrade, otherwise the host system may become inaccessible because 331 ipfw rules cannot be installed with the old binary. 332 33320250214: 334 Commit 4517fbfd4251 modified the internal API between the 335 nfscommon and nfscl modules. As such, both of these modules 336 need to be rebuilt from sources. 337 33820250201: 339 The NFS related daemons, that provide RPC services to the kernel: 340 gssd(8), rpcbind(8), rpc.tlsservd(8) and rpc.tlsclntd(8), now use a 341 different transport - netlink(4) socket instead of unix(4). Users of 342 NFS need to upgrade both kernel and world (binaries and libc) at once. 343 Also, any revision between 88cd1e17a7d8 and 99e5a70046da should be 344 avoided. 345 34620250129: 347 Defer the January 19, 2038 date limit in UFS1 filesystems to 348 February 7, 2106. This affects only UFS1 format filesystems. 349 See commit message 1111a44301da for details. 350 35120250127: 352 The Allwinner a10_timer driver has been renamed to aw_driver. If you 353 have a custom kernel configuration including the line 'device 354 a10_timer', it must be adjusted to 'device aw_timer'. The same applies 355 for device exclusions with 'nodevice'. 356 35720250106: 358 A new SOC_ROCKCHIP options appeared, so if you have a custom kernel configuration 359 targeting Rockchip SoC you need to add it so shared and mandatory drivers for 360 this SoC family will be selected. 361 Also a new rk8xx device was added, this select the base driver for Rockchip PMIC. 362 36320241223: 364 The layout of NFS file handles for the tarfs, tmpfs, cd9660, and ext2fs 365 file systems has changed. An NFS server that exports any of these file 366 systems will need its clients to unmount and remount the exports. 367 36820241216: 369 The iwm(4) firmwares are no longer compiled as kernel modules but instead 370 shipped as raw files. For pkgbase users if you use iwm(4) you will need 371 to install the FreeBSD-firmware-iwm package. 372 37320241124: 374 The OpenBSD derived bc and dc implementations and the WITHOUT_GH_BC 375 option that allowed building them instead of the advanced version 376 imported more than 4 years ago have been removed. 377 37820241107: 379 The ng_ubt(4) driver now requires firmwares to be loaded on Realtek 380 adaptors with rtlbtfw(8) utility. It no longer attaches to devices 381 standing in bootloader mode. Firmware files are available in the 382 comms/rtlbt-firmware port. 383 38420241025: 385 The support for the rc_fast_and_loose variable has been removed from 386 rc.subr(8). Users setting rc_fast_and_loose on their systems are 387 advised to make sure their customizations to rc service scripts 388 do not depend on having a single shell environment shared across 389 all the rc service scripts during booting and shutdown. 390 39120241013: 392 The ciss driver was updated to cope better with hotplug events that 393 caused it to panic before, and to support more than 48 drives attached 394 to the card. These changes were made w/o benefit of hardware for testing 395 and ciss(4) users should be on the lookout for regressions. 396 39720240729: 398 The build now defaults to WITHOUT_CLEAN - i.e., no automatic clean 399 is performed at the beginning of buildworld or buildkernel. The 400 WITH_CLEAN src.conf(5) knob can be used to restore the previous 401 behaviour. 402 403 If you encounter incremental build issues, please report them to the 404 freebsd-current mailing list so that a special-case dependency can be 405 added, if necessary. 406 40720240715: 408 We now lean more heavily on ACPI enumeration for some traditional 409 devices. uart has moved from isa to acpi so the hints act as wiring 410 instead of device enumeration. Hints for parallel port, floppy, etc 411 have been removed. Before upgrading, grep your dmesg for lines like: 412 uart1: non-PNP ISA device will be removed from GENERIC in FreeBSD 15. 413 to see if you need to start including hints for the device on isa 414 in your loader.conf or device.hints file. APU1 (but not APU2) boards 415 are known to be affected, but there may be others. 416 41720240712: 418 Support for armv6 has been disconnected and is being removed. 419 42020240617: 421 ifconfig now treats IPv4 addresses without a width or mask as an error. 422 Specify the desired mask or width along with the IP address on the 423 ifconfig command line and in rc.conf. 424 42520240428: 426 OpenBSM auditing runtime (auditd, etc.) has been moved into the new 427 package FreeBSD-audit. If you use OpenBSM auditing and pkgbase, you 428 should install FreeBSD-audit. 429 43020240424: 431 cron, lpr, and ntpd have been moved from FreeBSD-utilities into their 432 own packages. If you use pkgbase, you should install the relevant 433 packages: FreeBSD-cron, FreeBSD-lp, or FreeBSD-ntp. 434 43520240406: 436 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 437 been upgraded to 18.1.6. It is important that you run `make delete-old` 438 as described in the COMMON ITEMS section, otherwise several libc++ 439 headers that are obsolete and need to be removed can cause compilation 440 errors in C++ programs. 441 44220240205: 443 For dynamically linked programs, system calls are now made from 444 libsys rather than libc. No change in linkage is required as 445 libsys is an auxiliary filter for libc. People building custom 446 images must ensure that libsys.so.7 is included. 447 44820240202: 449 Loader now also read configuration files listed in local_loader_conf_files. 450 Files listed here are the last ones read. And /boot/loader.conf.local was 451 moved from loader_conf_files to local_loader_conf_files leaving only 452 loader.conf and device.hints in loader_conf_files by default. 453 454 The following sequencing is applied: 455 456 1. Bootstrap: 457 /boot/defaults/loader.conf 458 459 2. Read loader_conf_files files: 460 /boot/device.hints 461 /boot/loader.conf 462 463 3. Read loader_conf_dirs files: 464 /boot/loader.conf.d/*.conf 465 466 4. And finally, rread local_loader_conf_files files: 467 /boot/loader.conf.local 468 46920240201: 470 sendmail 8.18.1 has been imported and merged. This version enforces 471 stricter RFC compliance by default, especially with respect to line 472 endings. This may cause issues with receiving messages from 473 non-compliant MTAs; please see the first 8.18.1 release note in 474 contrib/sendmail/RELEASE_NOTES for mitigations. 475 47620240111: 477 Commit cc760de2183f changed the internal interface between 478 the nfscommon and nfscl modules. As such, both need to be 479 rebuilt from sources. Therefore, __FreeBSD_version was 480 bumped to 1500010. 481 48220231120: 483 If you have an arm64 system that uses ACPI, you will need to update your 484 loader.efi in the ESP when you update past this point. Detection of ACPI 485 was moved earlier in the binary so the scripts could use it, but old 486 binaries don't have this, so we default to 'no ACPI' in this case. You can 487 undisable ACPI by doing 488 OK unset hint.acpi.0.disabled 489 This can also be used to recover any other system that was updated in the 490 small window where amd64 was also broken. 491 49220231113: 493 The WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD option has been removed. When LLD is enabled 494 it is always installed as /usr/bin/ld. 495 49620231027: 497 Forward compatibility (running the new code on old kernels) for the 498 "ino64" project have been removed. The need for it has passed long ago. 499 50020231018: 501 Commit 57ce37f9dcd0 changed the internal KAPI between the 502 nfscommon and nfscl modules. Both must be rebuilt from sources. 503 50420231010: 505 dialog(1) has been replaced in base by bsddialog(1), while most of the 506 time replacing a dialog(1) call by a bsddialog(1) call works out of the 507 box, bsddialog(1) is not considered as a drop-in replacement for 508 dialog(1). 509 510 If you do depend on dialog(1) functionality, please install cdialog 511 from ports: 512 513 pkg install cdialog 514 51520230927: 516 The EARLY_AP_STARTUP kernel option is mandatory on x86. The option 517 has been added to DEFAULTS, so it should automatically be included in 518 custom kernel configurations without any additional change. 519 52020230922: 521 A new loader tunable net.pf.default_to_drop allows pf(4)’s default 522 behaviour to be changed from pass to drop. Previously this required 523 recompiling the kernel with the option PF_DEFAULT_TO_DROP. 524 52520230914: 526 Enable splitting out pkgbase manpages into separate packages by 527 default. To disable this, set WITHOUT_MANSPLITPKG=yes in src.conf. 528 52920230911: 530 Move standard include files to the clibs-dev package and move clang 531 internal libraries and headers to clang and clang-dev. Upgrading systems 532 installed using pkgbase past this change involves extra steps to allow 533 for these file moves: 534 535 pkg upgrade -y FreeBSD-utilities 536 pkg upgrade -y FreeBSD-utilities-dev 537 pkg upgrade -y 538 53920230909: 540 Enable vnet sysctl variables to be loader tunable. SYSCTLs which 541 belongs to VNETs can be initialized during early boot or module 542 loading if they are marked with CTLFLAG_TUN and there are 543 corresponding kernel environment variables. 544 54520230901: 546 The WITH_INIT_ALL_PATTERN and WITH_INIT_ALL_ZERO build options have 547 been replaced by INIT_ALL=pattern and INIT_ALL=zero respectively. 548 54920230824: 550 FreeBSD 15.0-CURRENT. 551 55220230817: 553 Serial communication (in boot loaders, kernel, and userland) has 554 been changed to default to 115200 bps, in line with common industry 555 practice and typical firmware serial console redirection 556 configuration. 557 558 Note that the early x86 BIOS bootloader (i.e., boot0sio) does not 559 support rates above 9600 bps and is not changed. boot0sio users may 560 set BOOT_COMCONSOLE_SPEED=9600 to use 9600 for all of the boot 561 components, or use the standard boot0 and have the boot2 stage start 562 with the serial port at 115200. 563 56420230807: 565 Following the general removal of MIPS support, the ath(4) AHB bus- 566 frontend has been removed, too, and building of the PCI support is 567 integrated with the ath(4) main module again. As a result, there's 568 no longer a need for if_ath_pci_load="YES" in /boot/loader.conf or 569 "device ath_pci" in the kernel configuration. 570 57120230803: 572 MAXCPU has been increased to 1024 in the amd64 GENERIC kernel config. 573 Out-of-tree kernel modules will need to be rebuilt. 574 57520230724: 576 CAM has been mechanically updated s/u_int(64|32|16|8)_t/uint\1_t/g 577 to move to the standard uintXX_t types from the old, traditional 578 BSD u_intXX_t types. This should be a NOP, but may cause problems 579 for out of tree changes. The SIMs were not updated since most of 580 the old u_intXX_t uses weren't due to CAM interfaces. 581 58220230713: 583 stable/14 branch created. 584 58520230629: 586 The heuristic for detecting old chromebooks with an EC bug that requires 587 atkbdc driver workarounds has changed. There should be no functional 588 change, but if your old chromebook's keyboard stops working, please 589 file a PR and assign it to imp. 590 59120230623: 592 OpenSSL has been updated to version 3.0, including changes throughout 593 the base system. It is important to rebuild third-party software 594 after upgrading. 595 59620230619: 597 To enable pf rdr rules for connections initiated from the host, pf 598 filter rules can be optionally enabled for packets delivered 599 locally. This can change the behavior of rules which match packets 600 delivered to lo0. To enable this feature: 601 602 sysctl net.pf.filter_local=1 603 service pf restart 604 605 When enabled, its best to ensure that packets delivered locally are not 606 filtered, e.g. by adding a 'skip on lo' rule. 607 60820230613: 609 Improvements to libtacplus(8) mean that tacplus.conf(5) now 610 follows POSIX shell syntax rules. This may cause TACACS+ 611 authentication to fail if the shared secret contains a single 612 quote, double quote, or backslash character which isn't 613 already properly quoted or escaped. 614 61520230612: 616 Belatedly switch the default nvme block device on x86 from nvd to nda. 617 nda created nvd compatibility links by default, so this should be a 618 nop. If this causes problems for your application, set hw.nvme.use_nvd=1 619 in your loader.conf or add `options NVME_USE_NVD=1` to your kernel 620 config. To disable the nvd compatibility aliases, add 621 kern.cam.nda.nvd_compat=0 to loader.conf. The default has been nda on 622 all non-x86 platforms for some time now. If you need to fall back, 623 please email imp@freebsd.org about why. 624 625 Encrypted swap partitions need to be changed from nvd to nda if you 626 migrate, or you need to use the above to switch back to nvd. 627 62820230422: 629 Remove portsnap(8). Users are encouraged to obtain the ports tree 630 using git instead. 631 63220230420: 633 Add jobs.mk to save typing. Enables -j${JOB_MAX} and logging 634 eg. 635 make buildworld-jobs 636 runs 637 make -j${JOB_MAX} buildworld > ../buildworld.log 2>&1 638 639 where JOB_MAX is derived from ncpus in local.sys.mk if not set in env. 640 64120230316: 642 Video related devices for some arm devices have been renamed. 643 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on 644 IMX6 board you need to add "device dwc_hdmi" "device imx6_hdmi" and 645 "device imx6_ipu" to it. 646 If you have a custom kernel config and want to use hdmi output on 647 TI AM335X board you need to add "device tda19988" to it. 648 If you add "device hdmi" in it you need to remove it as it doesn't 649 exist anymore. 650 65120230221: 652 Introduce new kernel options KBD_DELAY1 and KBD_DELAY2. See atkbdc(4) 653 for details. 654 65520230206: 656 sshd now defaults to having X11Forwarding disabled, following upstream. 657 Administrators who wish to enable X11Forwarding should add 658 `X11Forwarding yes` to /etc/ssh/sshd_config. 659 66020230204: 661 Since commit 75d41cb6967 Huawei 3G/4G LTE Mobile Devices do not default 662 to ECM, but NCM mode and need u3g and ucom modules loaded. See cdce(4). 663 66420230130: 665 As of commit 7c40e2d5f685, the dependency on netlink(4) has been added 666 to the linux_common(4) module. Users relying on linux_common may need 667 to compile netlink(4) module if it is not present in their kernel. 668 66920230126: 670 The WITHOUT_CXX option has been removed. C++ components in the base 671 system are now built unconditionally. 672 67320230113: 674 LinuxKPI pci.h changes may require out-of-tree drivers to be recompiled. 675 Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400078 to be able to detect this change. 676 67720221212: 678 llvm-objump is now always installed as objdump. Previously there was 679 no /usr/bin/objdump unless the WITH_LLVM_BINUTILS knob was used. 680 681 Some LLVM objdump options have a different output format compared to 682 GNU objdump; readelf is available for inspecting ELF files, and GNU 683 objdump is available from the devel/binutils port or package. 684 68520221205: 686 dma(8) has replaced sendmail(8) as the default mta. For people willing 687 to re-enable sendmail(8): 688 689 $ cp /usr/share/examples/sendmail/mailer.conf /etc/mail/mailer.conf 690 691 and add sendmail_enable="YES" to rc.conf. 692 69320221204: 694 hw.bus.disable_failed_devices has changed from 'false' to 'true' by 695 default. Now if newbus succeeds in probing a device, but fails to attach 696 the device, we'll disable the device. In the past, we'd keep retrying 697 the device on each new driver loaded. To get that behavior now, one 698 needs to use devctl to re-enable the device, and reprobe it (or set 699 the sysctl/tunable hw.bus.disable_failed_devices=false). 700 701 NOTE: This was reverted 20221205 due to unexpected compatibility issues 702 70320221122: 704 pf no longer accepts 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'. 705 These configurations are no longer automatically reinterpreted as 706 'scrub fragment reassemble'. 707 70820221121: 709 The WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC option has been removed. When Clang is enabled 710 it is always installed as /usr/bin/cc (and c++, cpp). 711 71220221026: 713 Some programs have been moved into separate packages. It is recommended 714 for pkgbase users to do: 715 716 pkg install FreeBSD-dhclient FreeBSD-geom FreeBSD-resolvconf \ 717 FreeBSD-devd FreeBSD-devmatch 718 719 after upgrading to restore all the component that were previously 720 installed. 721 72220221002: 723 OPIE has been removed from the base system. If needed, it can 724 be installed from ports (security/opie) or packages (opie). 725 Otherwise, make sure that your PAM policies do not reference 726 pam_opie or pam_opieaccess. 727 72820220610: 729 LinuxKPI pm.h changes require an update to the latest drm-kmod version 730 before re-compiling to avoid errors. 731 73220211230: 733 The macros provided for the manipulation of CPU sets (e.g. CPU_AND) 734 have been modified to take 2 source arguments instead of only 1. 735 Externally maintained sources that use these macros will have to 736 be adapted. The FreeBSD version has been bumped to 1400046 to 737 reflect this change. 738 73920211214: 740 A number of the kernel include files are able to be included by 741 themselves. A test has been added to buildworld to enforce this. 742 74320211209: 744 Remove mips as a recognized target. This starts the decommissioning of 745 mips support in FreeBSD. mips related items will be removed wholesale in 746 the coming days and weeks. 747 748 This broke the NO_CLEAN build for some people. Either do a clean build 749 or touch 750 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Targets.def 751 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmParsers.def 752 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/Disassemblers.def 753 lib/clang/include/llvm/Config/AsmPrinters.def 754 before the build to force everything to rebuild that needs to. 755 75620211202: 757 Unbound support for RFC8375: The special-use domain 'home.arpa' is 758 by default blocked. To unblock it use a local-zone nodefault 759 statement in unbound.conf: 760 local-zone: "home.arpa." nodefault 761 762 Or use another type of local-zone to override with your choice. 763 764 The reason for this is discussed in Section 6.1 of RFC8375: 765 Because 'home.arpa.' is not globally scoped and cannot be secured 766 using DNSSEC based on the root domain's trust anchor, there is no way 767 to tell, using a standard DNS query, in which homenet scope an answer 768 belongs. Consequently, users may experience surprising results with 769 such names when roaming to different homenets. 770 77120211110: 772 Commit b8d60729deef changed the TCP congestion control framework so 773 that any of the included congestion control modules could be 774 the single module built into the kernel. Previously newreno 775 was automatically built in through direct reference. As of 776 this commit you are required to declare at least one congestion 777 control module (e.g. 'options CC_NEWRENO') and to also declare a 778 default using the CC_DEFAULT option (e.g. options CC_DEFAULT="newreno\"). 779 The GENERIC configuration includes CC_NEWRENO and defines newreno 780 as the default. If no congestion control option is built into the 781 kernel and you are including networking, the kernel compile will 782 fail. Also if no default is declared the kernel compile will fail. 783 78420211118: 785 Mips has been removed from universe builds. It will be removed from the 786 tree shortly. 787 78820211106: 789 Commit f0c9847a6c47 changed the arguments for VOP_ALLOCATE. 790 The NFS modules must be rebuilt from sources and any out 791 of tree file systems that implement their own VOP_ALLOCATE 792 may need to be modified. 793 79420211022: 795 The synchronous PPP kernel driver sppp(4) has been removed. 796 The cp(4) and ce(4) drivers are now always compiled with netgraph(4) 797 support, formerly enabled by NETGRAPH_CRONYX option. 798 79920211020: 800 sh(1) is now the default shell for the root user. To force root to use 801 the csh shell, please run the following command as root: 802 803 # chsh -s csh 804 80520211004: 806 Ncurses distribution has been split between libtinfow and libncurses 807 with libncurses.so becoming a linker (ld) script to seamlessly link 808 to libtinfow as needed. Bump _FreeBSD_version to 1400035 to reflect 809 this change. 810 81120210923: 812 As of commit 8160a0f62be6, the dummynet module no longer depends on the 813 ipfw module. Dummynet can now be used by pf as well as ipfw. As such 814 users who relied on this dependency may need to include ipfw in the 815 list of modules to load on their systems. 816 81720210922: 818 As of commit 903873ce1560, the mixer(8) utility has got a slightly 819 new syntax. Please refer to the mixer(8) manual page for more 820 information. The old mixer utility can be installed from ports: 821 audio/freebsd-13-mixer 822 82320210911: 824 As of commit 55089ef4f8bb, the global variable nfs_maxcopyrange has 825 been deleted from the nfscommon.ko. As such, nfsd.ko must be built 826 from up to date sources to avoid an undefined reference when 827 being loaded. 828 82920210817: 830 As of commit 62ca9fc1ad56 OpenSSL no longer enables kernel TLS 831 by default. Users can enable kernel TLS via the "KTLS" SSL 832 option. This can be enabled globally by using a custom 833 OpenSSL config file via OPENSSL_CONF or via an 834 application-specific configuration option for applications 835 which permit setting SSL options via SSL_CONF_cmd(3). 836 83720210811: 838 Commit 3ad1e1c1ce20 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 839 modules. Therefore, all need to be rebuilt from sources. 840 84120210730: 842 Commit b69019c14cd8 removes pf's DIOCGETSTATESNV ioctl. 843 As of be70c7a50d32 it is no longer used by userspace, but it does mean 844 users may not be able to enumerate pf states if they update the kernel 845 past b69019c14cd8 without first updating userspace past be70c7a50d32. 846 84720210729: 848 As of commit 01ad0c007964 if_bridge member interfaces can no longer 849 change their MTU. Changing the MTU of the bridge itself will change the 850 MTU on all member interfaces instead. 851 85220210716: 853 Commit ee29e6f31111 changed the internal KAPI between the nfscommon 854 and nfsd modules. Therefore, both need to be rebuilt from sources. 855 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400026 for this KAPI change. 856 85720210715: 858 The 20210707 awk update brought in a change in behavior. This has 859 been corrected as of d4d252c49976. Between these dates, if you 860 installed a new awk binary, you may not be able to build a new 861 kernel because the change in behavior affected the genoffset 862 script used to build the kernel. If you did update, the fix is 863 to update your sources past the above hash and do 864 % cd usr.bin/awk 865 % make clean all 866 % sudo -E make install 867 to enable building kernels again. 868 86920210708: 870 Commit 1e0a518d6548 changed the internal KAPI between the NFS 871 modules. They all need to be rebuilt from sources. I did not 872 bump __FreeBSD_version, since it was bumped recently. 873 87420210707: 875 awk has been updated to the latest one-true-awk version 20210215. 876 This contains a number of minor bug fixes. 877 87820210624: 879 The NFSv4 client now uses the highest minor version of NFSv4 880 supported by the NFSv4 server by default instead of minor version 0, 881 for NFSv4 mounts. 882 The "minorversion" mount option may be used to override this default. 883 88420210618: 885 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400024 for LinuxKPI changes. 886 Most notably netdev.h can change now as the (last) dependencies 887 (mlx4/ofed) are now using struct ifnet directly, but also for PCI 888 additions and others. 889 89020210618: 891 The directory "blacklisted" under /usr/share/certs/ has been 892 renamed to "untrusted". 893 89420210611: 895 svnlite has been removed from base. Should you need svn for any reason 896 please install the svn package or port. 897 89820210611: 899 Commit e1a907a25cfa changed the internal KAPI between the krpc 900 and nfsserver. As such, both modules must be rebuilt from 901 sources. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400022. 902 90320210610: 904 The an(4) driver has been removed from FreeBSD. 905 90620210608: 907 The vendor/openzfs branch was renamed to vendor/openzfs/legacy to 908 start tracking OpenZFS upstream more closely. Please see 909https://lists.freebsd.org/archives/freebsd-current/2021-June/000153.html 910 for details on how to correct any errors that might result. The 911 short version is that you need to remove the old branch locally: 912 git update-ref -d refs/remotes/freebsd/vendor/openzfs 913 (assuming your upstream origin is named 'freebsd'). 914 91520210525: 916 Commits 17accc08ae15 and de102f870501 add new files to LinuxKPI 917 which break drm-kmod. In addition various other additions where 918 committed. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 1400015 to be able to 919 detect this. 920 92120210513: 922 Commit ca179c4d74f2 changed the package in which the OpenSSL 923 libraries and utilities are packaged. 924 It is recommended for pkgbase user to do: 925 pkg install -f FreeBSD-openssl 926 before pkg upgrade otherwise some dependencies might not be met 927 and pkg will stop working as libssl will not be present anymore 928 on the system. 929 93020210426: 931 Commit 875977314881 changed the internal KAPI between 932 the nfsd and nfscommon modules. As such these modules 933 need to be rebuilt from sources. 934 Without this patch in your NFSv4.1/4.2 server, enabling 935 delegations by setting vfs.nfsd.issue_delegations non-zero 936 is not recommended. 937 93820210411: 939 Commit 7763814fc9c2 changed the internal KAPI between 940 the krpc and NFS. As such, the krpc, nfscommon and 941 nfscl modules must all be rebuilt from sources. 942 Without this patch, NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts should not 943 be done with the nfscbd(8) daemon running, to avoid 944 needing a working back channel for server->client RPCs. 945 94620210330: 947 Commit 01ae8969a9ee fixed the NFSv4.1/4.2 server so that it 948 handles binding of the back channel as required by RFC5661. 949 Until this patch is in your server, avoid use of the "nconnects" 950 mount option for Linux NFSv4.1/4.2 mounts. 951 95220210225: 953 For 64-bit architectures the base system is now built with Position 954 Independent Executable (PIE) support enabled by default. It may be 955 disabled using the WITHOUT_PIE knob. A clean build is required. 956 95720210128: 958 Various LinuxKPI functionality was added which conflicts with DRM. 959 Please update your drm-kmod port to after the __FreeBSD_version 1400003 960 update. 961 96220210121: 963 stable/13 branch created. 964 96520210108: 966 PC Card attachments for all devices have been removed. In the case of 967 wi and cmx, the entire drivers were removed because they were only 968 PC Card devices. FreeBSD_version 1300134 should be used for this 969 since it was bumped so recently. 970 97120210107: 972 Transport-independent parts of HID support have been split off the USB 973 code in to separate subsystem. Kernel configs which include one of 974 ums, ukbd, uhid, atp, wsp, wmt, uaudio, ugold or ucycom drivers should 975 be updated with adding of "device hid" line. 976 97720210105: 978 ncurses installation has been modified to only keep the widechar 979 enabled version. Incremental build is broken for that change, so it 980 requires a clean build. 981 98220201223: 983 The FreeBSD project has migrated from Subversion to Git. Temporary 984 instructions can be found at 985 https://github.com/bsdimp/freebsd-git-docs/blob/main/src-cvt.md 986 and other documents in that repo. 987 98820201216: 989 The services database has been updated to cover more of the basic 990 services expected in a modern system. The database is big enough 991 that it will cause issues in mergemaster in Releases previous to 992 12.2 and 11.3, or in very old current systems from before r358154. 993 99420201215: 995 Obsolete in-tree GDB 6.1.1 has been removed. GDB (including kgdb) 996 may be installed from ports or packages. 997 99820201124: 999 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6". 1000 See ping(8) for details. 1001 100220201108: 1003 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0. 1004 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all 1005 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1. 1006 100720201030: 1008 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been 1009 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else, 1010 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements. 1011 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line 1012 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files. 1013 101420201026: 1015 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd, 1016 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the 1017 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After 1018 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full 1019 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't 1020 find. 1021 102220200923: 1023 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES 1024 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases. 1025 find sys -name LINT\* -delete 1026 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files. 1027 1028 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn 1029 command you want to un-auger the tree is 1030 cd sys/amd64/conf 1031 svn revert -R . 1032 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64' 1033 above with where the error message indicates a conflict. 1034 103520200824: 1036 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until 1037 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against 1038 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent 1039 unless you want to use new features. 1040 1041 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many 1042 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without 1043 rebuilding world may fail. 1044 1045 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS 1046 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot. 1047 1048 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module 1049 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by 1050 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until 1051 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files. 1052 105320200824: 1054 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system 1055 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with 1056 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but 1057 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0. 1058 105920200821: 1060 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the 1061 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from 1062 sources. 1063 106420200817: 1065 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules. 1066 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources. 1067 106820200816: 1069 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 1070 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 1071 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 1072 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1073 107420200810: 1075 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS 1076 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt 1077 from sources, so a version bump was done. 1078 107920200807: 1080 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in 1081 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links 1082 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries 1083 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process. 1084 108520200729: 1086 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably, 1087 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be 1088 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in 1089 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to 1090 continue to function. 1091 1092 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error 1093 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that 1094 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether 1095 successful or not) and run installworld once more. 1096 109720200627: 1098 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This 1099 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc 1100 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions, 1101 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs 1102 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further 1103 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the 1104 world with the previous versions of bc and dc. 1105 110620200625: 1107 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules. 1108 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources. 1109 111020200613: 1111 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any 1112 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt. 1113 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt. 1114 111520200604: 1116 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may 1117 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the 1118 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if 1119 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1. 1120 1121 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if 1122 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and 1123 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example 1124 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and 1125 /root/.shrc. 1126 112720200523: 1128 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 1129 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 1130 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 1131 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1132 113320200512: 1134 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system. 1135 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions. 1136 113720200424: 1138 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a 1139 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration, 1140 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as 1141 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not 1142 be functional without closefrom(2). 1143 114420200414: 1145 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID 1146 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present. 1147 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and 1148 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to 1149 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to 1150 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition. 1151 115220200310: 1153 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 1154 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 1155 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 1156 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1157 115820200309: 1159 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree. 1160 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting. 1161 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port. 1162 116320200301: 1164 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree. 1165 116620200229: 1167 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree 1168 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and 1169 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port. 1170 117120200229: 1172 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind 1173 is used by all supported CPU architectures. 1174 117520200229: 1176 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC, 1177 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available. 1178 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain 1179 ports or packages. 1180 118120200220: 1182 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI 1183 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to 1184 ncurses. 1185 118620200217: 1187 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed. 1188 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE 1189 together with their new kernel. 1190 119120200212: 1192 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB, 1193 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update 1194 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required. 1195 1196 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should 1197 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no. 1198 119920200108: 1200 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default 1201 linker for riscv64. 1202 120320200107: 1204 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures. 1205 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an 1206 external toolchain package. 1207 120820200104: 1209 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1 1210 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX 1211 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a 1212 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options. 1213 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31. 1214 121520200102: 1216 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The 1217 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid. 1218 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default 1219 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7. 1220 122120191226: 1222 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures. 1223 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64 1224 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing 1225 ABI. 1226 122720191226: 1228 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable. 1229 123020191222: 1231 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 1232 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 1233 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 1234 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1235 123620191212: 1237 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the 1238 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded 1239 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this. 1240 124120191205: 1242 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been 1243 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8) 1244 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package 1245 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be 1246 differences between those included in the port and those included in 1247 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update 1248 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the 1249 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port. 1250 125120191120: 1252 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be 1253 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available 1254 for automounting. 1255 125620191107: 1257 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus. 1258 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then 1259 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers 1260 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should 1261 add superio to the set. 1262 126320191021: 1264 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed. 1265 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel. 1266 126720191021: 1268 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of 1269 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by 1270 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open 1271 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of 1272 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not 1273 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed 1274 completely in the future. 1275 127620191009: 1277 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of 1278 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If 1279 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for 1280 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe 1281 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they 1282 will be removed from the list. 1283 128420191009: 1285 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 1286 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 1287 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 1288 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1289 129020191003: 1291 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from 1292 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding 1293 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES", 1294 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively. 1295 129620190913: 1297 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them 1298 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore 1299 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32" 1300 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory. 1301 130220190823: 1303 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency 1304 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your 1305 scripts. See ping6(8) for details. 1306 130720190727: 1308 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls 1309 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have 1310 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from 1311 your scripts, because they had no effect. 1312 1313 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize, 1314 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable, 1315 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate 1316 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to 1317 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why. 1318 131920190713: 1320 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it 1321 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640 1322 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be 1323 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by 1324 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the 1325 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing 1326 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700. 1327 132820190620: 1329 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional 1330 components. The "device random" option has been removed. 1331 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable 1332 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko). 1333 133420190612: 1335 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have 1336 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for 1337 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already 1338 using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 1339 134020190608: 1341 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with 1342 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules 1343 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load. 1344 134520190513: 1346 User-wired pages now have their own counter, 1347 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed 1348 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned 1349 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user 1350 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to 1351 avoid running into the limit. 1352 135320190507: 1354 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring 1355 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module. 1356 135720190507: 1358 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been 1359 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or 1360 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or 1361 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap 1362 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel 1363 config files to select the tuntap device instead. 1364 136520190418: 1366 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between 1367 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of 1368 entropy: 1369 1370 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set 1371 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to 1372 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded. 1373 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot 1374 availability properties. 1375 1376 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding: 1377 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and 1378 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this 1379 initial condition, if desired. 1380 1381 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding: 1382 Similar to the above, but for arc4random(9) initial seeding. 1383 1384 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set 1385 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are 1386 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e., 1387 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met. 1388 138920190416: 1390 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init() 1391 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void) 1392 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and 1393 therefore unblocked). 1394 139520190404: 1396 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon 1397 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and 1398 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock" 1399 is added to the command line. 1400 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are 1401 not affected and should continue to work. 1402 140320190320: 1404 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with 1405 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in 1406 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and 1407 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files. 1408 140920190304: 1410 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1411 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1412 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1413 or higher. 1414 141520190226: 1416 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically 1417 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the 1418 kernel config. 1419 142020190219: 1421 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see 1422 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on 1423 migrating to the drm ports. 1424 142520190131: 1426 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers 1427 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require 1428 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as 1429 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module 1430 is loaded automatically. 1431 143220190125: 1433 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration 1434 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively; 1435 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom 1436 kernel config files. 1437 143820181230: 1439 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add 1440 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously 1441 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now 1442 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'. 1443 144420181220: 1445 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport 1446 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4 1447 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts 1448 from clients using a reserved port. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux 1449 NFSv4 clients use reserved ports by default, this should not affect 1450 most NFSv4 mounts. 1451 145220181219: 1453 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this 1454 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition 1455 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32). 1456 1457 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is 1458 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones. 1459 1460 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been 1461 removed from the mips port. 1462 146320181211: 1464 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1465 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1466 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1467 or higher. 1468 146920181211: 1470 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting 1471 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade. 1472 147320181126: 1474 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld 1475 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as 1476 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing 1477 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package. 1478 147920181123: 1480 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has 1481 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled 1482 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN. 1483 148420181115: 1485 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue) 1486 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from 1487 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported 1488 FreeBSD versions. 1489 149020181110: 1491 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include 1492 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if 1493 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'. 1494 1495 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match 1496 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are 1497 being included using the command: 1498 $ newsyslog -Nrv 1499 150020181019: 1501 Stable/12 was branched created. 1502 150320181015: 1504 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should 1505 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install 1506 drm-legacy-kmod. 1507 1508 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with 1509 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need 1510 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older 1511 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can 1512 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the 1513 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you 1514 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use 1515 that as you will get better support. 1516 1517 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined 1518 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base 1519 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package 1520 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org. 1521 1522 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add 1523 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty 1524 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver 1525 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current 1526 shortly. 1527 152820181012: 1529 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence, 1530 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated 1531 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the 1532 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must 1533 be adjusted as necessary. 1534 153520181009: 1536 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included 1537 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is 1538 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value 1539 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly. 1540 154120181006: 1542 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's 1543 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5). 1544 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5) 1545 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly 1546 encouraged. 1547 154820181002: 1549 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on 1550 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or 1551 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing 1552 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the 1553 nda device name. 1554 155520180913: 1556 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for 1557 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user, 1558 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree 1559 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system. 1560 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf 1561 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD. 1562 156320180826: 1564 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been 1565 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the 1566 default since FreeBSD-11. 1567 156820180822: 1569 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been 1570 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update 1571 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time. 1572 157320180818: 1574 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua. 1575 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default 1576 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set 1577 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in 1578 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between 1579 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default. 1580 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi. 1581 1582 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved 1583 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved. 1584 158520180815: 1586 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other 1587 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both 1588 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may 1589 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your 1590 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR 1591 may not be observed in a future release. 1592 159320180808: 1594 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To 1595 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in 1596 your environment. 1597 159820180731: 1599 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality 1600 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that 1601 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts" 1602 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed. 1603 160420180730: 1605 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default. 1606 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot. 1607 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system 1608 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of 1609 runtime services. 1610 161120180727: 1612 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale 1613 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were 1614 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years. 1615 161620180723: 1617 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the 1618 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the 1619 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel 1620 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent. 1621 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables. 1622 162320180720: 1624 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader. 1625 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your 1626 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a 1627 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition 1628 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old 1629 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks). 1630 163120180719: 1632 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console 1633 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader 1634 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add : 1635 boot_serial=YES 1636 boot_multicons=YES 1637 in /boot/loader.conf 1638 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have 1639 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that 1640 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer. 1641 164220180719: 1643 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster 1644 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on 1645 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before 1646 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom 1647 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd 1648 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or 1649 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations. 1650 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can 1651 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after 1652 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible 1653 by the ntpd user. 1654 165520180717: 1656 Big endian arm support has been removed. 1657 165820180711: 1659 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually 1660 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to 1661 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8) 1662 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify 1663 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment. 1664 166520180705: 1666 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and 1667 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on 1668 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need 1669 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may 1670 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in 1671 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses. 1672 167320180702: 1674 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using 1675 atomics will need to be rebuilt. 1676 167720180701: 1678 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of 1679 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the 1680 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit 1681 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite 1682 only a core file with the highest index in a filename. 1683 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free 1684 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one. 1685 168620180630: 1687 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1688 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1689 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1690 or higher. 1691 169220180628: 1693 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf 1694 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763 1695 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed 1696 file. 1697 169820180612: 1699 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all 1700 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this. 1701 170220180530: 1703 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed 1704 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no 1705 longer necessary. 1706 170720180530: 1708 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll 1709 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding 1710 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will 1711 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch. 1712 171320180523: 1714 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include 1715 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets 1716 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel 1717 later than r334108. 1718 171920180517: 1720 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into 1721 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not 1722 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file 1723 it must be removed. 1724 172520180510: 1726 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a 1727 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default 1728 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However, 1729 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional 1730 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for 1731 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement 1732 will go away. 1733 1734 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no 1735 workaround is necessary. 1736 173720180508: 1738 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g 1739 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and 1740 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device 1741 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1742 174320180504: 1744 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more 1745 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as 1746 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and 1747 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only 1748 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag. 1749 175020180502: 1751 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and 1752 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel 1753 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device 1754 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed. 1755 175620180501: 1757 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface 1758 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous 1759 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must 1760 be removed. 1761 176220180413: 1763 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device 1764 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be 1765 removed. 1766 176720180411: 1768 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device 1769 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be 1770 removed. 1771 177220180406: 1773 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the 1774 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted 1775 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients 1776 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers, 1777 microseconds and time zone offsets. 1778 1779 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to 1780 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging 1781 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no 1782 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are 1783 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system 1784 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration 1785 adjustments, depending on the software used. 1786 1787 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local 1788 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages: 1789 1790 source src { 1791 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol)); 1792 } 1793 1794 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option 1795 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the 1796 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline: 1797 1798 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off") 1799 1800 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local 1801 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to 1802 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems 1803 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these 1804 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the 1805 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are 1806 thus expected to continue to function as before. 1807 1808 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this 1809 change. 1810 181120180328: 1812 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you 1813 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove 1814 it. No device drivers supported token ring. 1815 181620180323: 1817 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog 1818 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously. 1819 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for 1820 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be 1821 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This 1822 should be as simple as: 1823 1824 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs 1825 $ make depend all install 1826 182720180212: 1828 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for 1829 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf. 1830 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a 1831 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been 1832 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make 1833 provisions for backup boot methods. 1834 183520180211: 1836 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically 1837 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers 1838 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and 1839 imp@freebsd.org. 1840 184120180114: 1842 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 1843 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about 1844 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 1845 or higher. 1846 184720180110: 1848 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker. 1849 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and 1850 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default. 1851 1852 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set 1853 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes 1854 185520180110: 1856 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded 1857 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was 1858 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to 1859 remove it from kernel config files. 1860 186120180104: 1862 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been 1863 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with 1864 the lacp and loadbalance protocols. 1865 1866 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf: 1867 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1" 1868 186920180102: 1870 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the 1871 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is 1872 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software 1873 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured. 1874 187520171215: 1876 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry. 1877 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always. 1878 187920171214: 1880 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However, 1881 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off 1882 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or 1883 GELI, it might not be a good time to update. 1884 188520171125: 1886 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before 1887 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has 1888 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed 1889 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their 1890 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting. 1891 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue. 1892 189320171110: 1894 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable has been renamed to 1895 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed 1896 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI. 1897 189820171106: 1899 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS 1900 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL 1901 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the 1902 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it. 1903 One known victim is lld prior to r325420. 1904 190520171102: 1906 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object 1907 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if 1908 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary. 1909 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in 1910 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the 1911 environment. 1912 191320171101: 1914 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native 1915 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified 1916 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old 1917 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf, 1918 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building. 1919 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be 1920 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any 1921 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather 1922 than hardcoding paths. 1923 192420171028: 1925 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the 1926 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install 1927 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin. 1928 192920171021: 1930 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT 1931 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined 1932 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will 1933 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system. 1934 193520171010: 1936 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only. 1937 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot. 1938 193920171005: 1940 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now 1941 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system 1942 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add 1943 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build. 1944 194520171003: 1946 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF 1947 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously 1948 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to 1949 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the 1950 desired kernel was never built in the first place. 1951 195220170912: 1953 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will 1954 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel 1955 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who 1956 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in 1957 /etc/ctl.conf . 1958 195920170912: 1960 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point 1961 binaries now always get their shared libraries from 1962 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if 1963 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but 1964 soft-float everything else should be affected. 1965 196620170826: 1967 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous 1968 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options. 1969 197020170825: 1971 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare 1972 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel 1973 to complete. 1974 197520170814: 1976 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to 1977 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from 1978 ${TESTSDIR}. 1979 1980 Behavioral changes: 1981 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified. 1982 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed. 1983 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting 1984 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment. 1985 1986 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute 1987 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the 1988 sandbox if successful. 1989 1990 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as 1991 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time. 1992 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the 1993 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using 1994 an unprivileged user. 1995 199620170808: 1997 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been 1998 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297, 1999 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been 2000 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block. 2001 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later 2002 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem 2003 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block 2004 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in 2005 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it 2006 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS'' 2007 to which you should answer yes. 2008 200920170728: 2010 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services 2011 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in 2012 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable 2013 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the 2014 machine's /etc/rc.conf file. 2015 201620170722: 2017 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0. 2018 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 2019 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 2020 202120170701: 2022 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the 2023 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system. 2024 202520170625: 2026 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is 2027 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must 2028 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run 2029 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live 2030 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports 2031 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case 2032 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected. 2033 203420170623: 2035 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 2036 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 2037 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 2038 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 2039 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 2040 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 2041 204220170620: 2043 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC 2044 if you require the GPL compiler. 2045 204620170619: 2047 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This 2048 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited 2049 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the 2050 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across 2051 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though 2052 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations. 2053 205420170618: 2055 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules 2056 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to 2057 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together. 2058 205920170617: 2060 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data 2061 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same 2062 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be 2063 followed. 2064 206520170531: 2066 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages 2067 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff 2068 from ports (and recommends to install it). 2069 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the 2070 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or 2071 via pkg install heirloom-doctools. 2072 207320170524: 2074 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for 2075 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems 2076 which only require one chipset support. 2077 2078 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf: 2079 2080 if_ath_load="YES" 2081 2082 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci. 2083 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after 2084 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support. 2085 2086 If you want to selectively load things (eg on cheaper ARM/MIPS 2087 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should: 2088 2089 * load ath_hal 2090 * load the chip modules in question 2091 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs 2092 * load ath_main 2093 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular 2094 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done. 2095 2096 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ . 2097 209820170523: 2099 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends 2100 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and 2101 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure. 2102 2103 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the 2104 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the 2105 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world). 2106 2107 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build 2108 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full 2109 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and 2110 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required 2111 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an 2112 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting 2113 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this 2114 upgrade and installworld from single user is required. 2115 211620170424: 2117 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and 2118 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a 2119 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11. 2120 212120170420: 2122 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU 2123 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of 2124 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name. 2125 212620170413: 2127 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when 2128 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with 2129 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state. 2130 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags 2131 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state. 2132 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with 2133 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5). 2134 213520170407: 2136 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default, 2137 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be 2138 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set 2139 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin . 2140 214120170405: 2142 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl 2143 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast 2144 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets. 2145 214620170331: 2147 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now 2148 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail 2149 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail. 2150 215120170329: 2152 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend: 2153 cfiscsi.ko does instead. 2154 2155 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded 2156 via one of the following methods: 2157 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5). 2158 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5). 2159 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support 2160 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5)) 2161 2162 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details. 2163 216420170316: 2165 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko. 2166 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the 2167 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was 2168 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible 2169 with mmc.ko). 2170 217120170315: 2172 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity. 2173 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify 2174 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must 2175 be prefixed with colon. 2176 217720170311: 2178 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been 2179 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version 2180 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware. 2181 218220170302: 2183 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0. 2184 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 2185 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 2186 218720170221: 2188 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality 2189 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot 2190 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible 2191 change. 2192 219320170216: 2194 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer 2195 valid. 2196 219720170215: 2198 MCA bus support has been removed. 2199 220020170127: 2201 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed 2202 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC. 2203 220420170112: 2205 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that 2206 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications. 2207 220820170109: 2209 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via 2210 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4) 2211 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom 2212 configuration. 2213 221420161217: 2215 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1. 2216 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 2217 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 2218 221920161124: 2220 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0. 2221 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites 2222 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher. 2223 222420161119: 2225 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap 2226 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools 2227 that link against it need to be recompiled. 2228 222920161030: 2230 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver, 2231 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware. 2232 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using 2233 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details. 2234 223520161017: 2236 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of 2237 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific 2238 parts. 2239 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name 2240 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B)) 2241 224220161015: 2243 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages: 2244 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 2245 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was 2246 removed from base. 2247 224820161008: 2249 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control 2250 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the 2251 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.) 2252 225320161003: 2254 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired. 2255 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy. 2256 225720160924: 2258 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed 2259 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is 2260 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file 2261 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so. 2262 226320160918: 2264 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built 2265 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf. 2266 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages: 2267 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version. 2268 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base. 2269 227020160918: 2271 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr. 2272 227320160908: 2274 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into 2275 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and 2276 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original 2277 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior. 2278 227920160824: 2280 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace 2281 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be 2282 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped 2283 to 1200005. 2284 228520160818: 2286 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP 2287 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3 2288 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any 2289 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be 2290 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to 2291 0. 2292 229320160818: 2294 Remove the openbsd_poll system call. 2295 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this. 2296 229720160708: 2298 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406. 2299 2300After branch N is created, entries older than the N-2 branch point are removed 2301from this file. After stable/14 is branched and current becomes FreeBSD 15, 2302entries older than stable/12 branch point will be removed from current's 2303UPDATING file. 2304 2305COMMON ITEMS: 2306 2307 General Notes 2308 ------------- 2309 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment 2310 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its 2311 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run 2312 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make 2313 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details. 2314 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race 2315 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please 2316 report a bug if it happens consistently. 2317 2318 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to 2319 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then 2320 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path, 2321 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this 2322 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since 2323 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from 2324 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the 2325 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's 2326 an exception. 2327 2328 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build 2329 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version. 2330 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one 2331 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each 2332 step. 2333 2334 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before 2335 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell 2336 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your 2337 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade. 2338 2339 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes 2340 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted. 2341 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be 2342 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check 2343 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries 2344 should write them with this in mind. 2345 2346 ZFS notes 2347 --------- 2348 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version (via zpool upgrade), 2349 always follow these three steps: 2350 2351 1) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block 2352 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld") 2353 2354 2) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive (only required when 2355 doing a zpool upgrade): 2356 2357 When booting on x86 via BIOS, use the following to update the ZFS boot 2358 block on the freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0: 2359 gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0 2360 The value $N will typically be 1. For EFI booting, see EFI notes. 2361 2362 3) zpool upgrade the root pool. New bootblocks will work with old 2363 pools, but not vice versa, so they need to be updated before any 2364 zpool upgrade. 2365 2366 Non-boot pools do not need these updates. 2367 2368 EFI notes 2369 --------- 2370 2371 There are two locations the boot loader can be installed into. The 2372 current location (and the default) is \efi\freebsd\loader.efi and using 2373 efibootmgr(8) to configure it. The old location, that must be used on 2374 deficient systems that don't honor efibootmgr(8) protocols, is the 2375 fallback location of \EFI\BOOT\BOOTxxx.EFI. Generally, you will copy 2376 /boot/loader.efi to this location, but on systems installed a long time 2377 ago the ESP may be too small and /boot/boot1.efi may be needed unless 2378 the ESP has been expanded in the meantime. 2379 2380 Recent systems will have the ESP mounted on /boot/efi, but older ones 2381 may not have it mounted at all, or mounted in a different 2382 location. Older arm SD images with MBR used /boot/msdos as the 2383 mountpoint. The ESP is a MSDOS filesystem. 2384 2385 The EFI boot loader rarely needs to be updated. For ZFS booting, 2386 however, you must update loader.efi before you do 'zpool upgrade' the 2387 root zpool, otherwise the old loader.efi may reject the upgraded zpool 2388 since it does not automatically understand some new features. 2389 2390 See loader.efi(8) and uefi(8) for more details. 2391 2392 To build a kernel 2393 ----------------- 2394 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just 2395 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most 2396 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld, 2397 2398 make kernel-toolchain 2399 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2400 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2401 2402 If you are running kernel modules from ports, see FOOTNOTE [1]. 2403 2404 To test a kernel once 2405 --------------------- 2406 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure 2407 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide 2408 debugging information) run 2409 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel 2410 nextboot -k testkernel 2411 2412 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system. 2413 ----------------------------------------------------------- 2414 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than 2415 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current. 2416 2417 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> [2] 2418 make buildworld 2419 <make sure any needed PORTS_MODULES are set> [1] 2420 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2421 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2422 <reboot in single user> [3] 2423 etcupdate -p [5] 2424 make installworld 2425 etcupdate -B [4] 2426 make delete-old [6] 2427 <reboot> 2428 2429 To cross-install current onto a separate partition 2430 -------------------------------------------------- 2431 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold 2432 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition 2433 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in 2434 # size. 2435 2436 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> 2437 <boot into -stable> 2438 make buildworld 2439 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [1] 2440 <maybe newfs current's root partition> 2441 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}> 2442 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC 2443 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd 2444 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} 2445 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd 2446 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition> 2447 <reboot into current> 2448 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section> 2449 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*> 2450 <reboot> 2451 2452 2453 To upgrade in-place from stable to current 2454 ---------------------------------------------- 2455 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps> [2] 2456 make buildworld [9] 2457 <make sure any needed PORTS_MODULES are set> [1] 2458 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8] 2459 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE 2460 <reboot in single user> [3] 2461 etcupdate -p [5] 2462 make installworld 2463 etcupdate -B [4] 2464 make delete-old [6] 2465 <reboot> 2466 2467 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the 2468 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life 2469 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own 2470 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of 2471 the UPDATING entries. 2472 2473 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to 2474 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update 2475 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent 2476 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has 2477 much fewer pitfalls. 2478 2479FOOTNOTES: 2480 2481 [1] If you have third party modules, such as drm-kmod or vmware, you 2482 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your system on 2483 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in 2484 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you 2485 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for 2486 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this 2487 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding 2488 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic 2489 and effective, eg: 2490 PORTS_MODULES+=graphics/drm-kmod graphics/nvidia-drm-kmod 2491 2492 [2] To make complete dumps on zfs(4), use bectl(8), which 2493 creates bootable snapshots of configurable depth that are 2494 selectable via the bootloader. For ufs(4), use dump(8) and 2495 restore(8). 2496 2497 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do 2498 fsck -p 2499 mount -u / 2500 mount -a 2501 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed 2502 cd src # full path to source 2503 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time 2504 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot 2505 into single user mode to do the installworld. 2506 2507 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step 2508 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the 2509 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those 2510 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well 2511 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists 2512 for potential gotchas. See etcupdate(8) for more information. 2513 2514 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time 2515 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following 2516 step. 2517 2518 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries 2519 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make 2520 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore. 2521 2522 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an 2523 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's 2524 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for 2525 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure 2526 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A 2527 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run 2528 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries 2529 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed. 2530 2531 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the 2532 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also 2533 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels 2534 for these as well. 2535 2536 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the 2537 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can 2538 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to. 2539 2540 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and 2541 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will 2542 warn if it is improperly defined. 2543FORMAT: 2544 2545This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major 2546breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete 2547list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011. 2548If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need 2549to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release. 2550 2551Copyright information: 2552 2553Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org> 2554 2555Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without 2556modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this 2557document are permitted without further permission from the author. 2558 2559THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR 2560IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED 2561WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 2562DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, 2563INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 2564(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 2565SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) 2566HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, 2567STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING 2568IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE 2569POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. 2570 2571Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of 2572this document. 2573