xref: /qemu/tests/unit/test-bdrv-drain.c (revision 299403aedaeb7f08d8e98aa8614b29d4e5546066)

/*
 * Block node draining tests
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2017 Kevin Wolf <kwolf@redhat.com>
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
 * THE SOFTWARE.
 */

#include "qemu/osdep.h"
#include "block/block.h"
#include "block/blockjob_int.h"
#include "sysemu/block-backend.h"
#include "qapi/error.h"
#include "qemu/main-loop.h"
#include "iothread.h"

static QemuEvent done_event;

typedef struct BDRVTestState {
    int drain_count;
    AioContext *bh_indirection_ctx;
    bool sleep_in_drain_begin;
} BDRVTestState;

static void coroutine_fn sleep_in_drain_begin(void *opaque)
{
    BlockDriverState *bs = opaque;

    qemu_co_sleep_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_REALTIME, 100000);
    bdrv_dec_in_flight(bs);
}

static void bdrv_test_drain_begin(BlockDriverState *bs)
{
    BDRVTestState *s = bs->opaque;
    s->drain_count++;
    if (s->sleep_in_drain_begin) {
        Coroutine *co = qemu_coroutine_create(sleep_in_drain_begin, bs);
        bdrv_inc_in_flight(bs);
        aio_co_enter(bdrv_get_aio_context(bs), co);
    }
}

static void bdrv_test_drain_end(BlockDriverState *bs)
{
    BDRVTestState *s = bs->opaque;
    s->drain_count--;
}

static void bdrv_test_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
{
    BDRVTestState *s = bs->opaque;
    g_assert_cmpint(s->drain_count, >, 0);
}

static void co_reenter_bh(void *opaque)
{
    aio_co_wake(opaque);
}

static int coroutine_fn bdrv_test_co_preadv(BlockDriverState *bs,
                                            int64_t offset, int64_t bytes,
                                            QEMUIOVector *qiov,
                                            BdrvRequestFlags flags)
{
    BDRVTestState *s = bs->opaque;

    /* We want this request to stay until the polling loop in drain waits for
     * it to complete. We need to sleep a while as bdrv_drain_invoke() comes
     * first and polls its result, too, but it shouldn't accidentally complete
     * this request yet. */
    qemu_co_sleep_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_REALTIME, 100000);

    if (s->bh_indirection_ctx) {
        aio_bh_schedule_oneshot(s->bh_indirection_ctx, co_reenter_bh,
                                qemu_coroutine_self());
        qemu_coroutine_yield();
    }

    return 0;
}

static int bdrv_test_change_backing_file(BlockDriverState *bs,
                                         const char *backing_file,
                                         const char *backing_fmt)
{
    return 0;
}

static BlockDriver bdrv_test = {
    .format_name            = "test",
    .instance_size          = sizeof(BDRVTestState),
    .supports_backing       = true,

    .bdrv_close             = bdrv_test_close,
    .bdrv_co_preadv         = bdrv_test_co_preadv,

    .bdrv_drain_begin       = bdrv_test_drain_begin,
    .bdrv_drain_end         = bdrv_test_drain_end,

    .bdrv_child_perm        = bdrv_default_perms,

    .bdrv_change_backing_file = bdrv_test_change_backing_file,
};

static void aio_ret_cb(void *opaque, int ret)
{
    int *aio_ret = opaque;
    *aio_ret = ret;
}

typedef struct CallInCoroutineData {
    void (*entry)(void);
    bool done;
} CallInCoroutineData;

static coroutine_fn void call_in_coroutine_entry(void *opaque)
{
    CallInCoroutineData *data = opaque;

    data->entry();
    data->done = true;
}

static void call_in_coroutine(void (*entry)(void))
{
    Coroutine *co;
    CallInCoroutineData data = {
        .entry  = entry,
        .done   = false,
    };

    co = qemu_coroutine_create(call_in_coroutine_entry, &data);
    qemu_coroutine_enter(co);
    while (!data.done) {
        aio_poll(qemu_get_aio_context(), true);
    }
}

enum drain_type {
    BDRV_DRAIN_ALL,
    BDRV_DRAIN,
    DRAIN_TYPE_MAX,
};

static void do_drain_begin(enum drain_type drain_type, BlockDriverState *bs)
{
    switch (drain_type) {
    case BDRV_DRAIN_ALL:        bdrv_drain_all_begin(); break;
    case BDRV_DRAIN:            bdrv_drained_begin(bs); break;
    default:                    g_assert_not_reached();
    }
}

static void do_drain_end(enum drain_type drain_type, BlockDriverState *bs)
{
    switch (drain_type) {
    case BDRV_DRAIN_ALL:        bdrv_drain_all_end(); break;
    case BDRV_DRAIN:            bdrv_drained_end(bs); break;
    default:                    g_assert_not_reached();
    }
}

static void do_drain_begin_unlocked(enum drain_type drain_type, BlockDriverState *bs)
{
    if (drain_type != BDRV_DRAIN_ALL) {
        aio_context_acquire(bdrv_get_aio_context(bs));
    }
    do_drain_begin(drain_type, bs);
    if (drain_type != BDRV_DRAIN_ALL) {
        aio_context_release(bdrv_get_aio_context(bs));
    }
}

static void do_drain_end_unlocked(enum drain_type drain_type, BlockDriverState *bs)
{
    if (drain_type != BDRV_DRAIN_ALL) {
        aio_context_acquire(bdrv_get_aio_context(bs));
    }
    do_drain_end(drain_type, bs);
    if (drain_type != BDRV_DRAIN_ALL) {
        aio_context_release(bdrv_get_aio_context(bs));
    }
}

static void test_drv_cb_common(enum drain_type drain_type, bool recursive)
{
    BlockBackend *blk;
    BlockDriverState *bs, *backing;
    BDRVTestState *s, *backing_s;
    BlockAIOCB *acb;
    int aio_ret;

    QEMUIOVector qiov = QEMU_IOVEC_INIT_BUF(qiov, NULL, 0);

    blk = blk_new(qemu_get_aio_context(), BLK_PERM_ALL, BLK_PERM_ALL);
    bs = bdrv_new_open_driver(&bdrv_test, "test-node", BDRV_O_RDWR,
                              &error_abort);
    s = bs->opaque;
    blk_insert_bs(blk, bs, &error_abort);

    backing = bdrv_new_open_driver(&bdrv_test, "backing", 0, &error_abort);
    backing_s = backing->opaque;
    bdrv_set_backing_hd(bs, backing, &error_abort);

    /* Simple bdrv_drain_all_begin/end pair, check that CBs are called */
    g_assert_cmpint(s->drain_count, ==, 0);
    g_assert_cmpint(backing_s->drain_count, ==, 0);

    do_drain_begin(drain_type, bs);

    g_assert_cmpint(s->drain_count, ==, 1);
    g_assert_cmpint(backing_s->drain_count, ==, !!recursive);

    do_drain_end(drain_type, bs);

    g_assert_cmpint(s->drain_count, ==, 0);
    g_assert_cmpint(backing_s->drain_count, ==, 0);

    /* Now do the same while a request is pending */
    aio_ret = -EINPROGRESS;
    acb = blk_aio_preadv(blk, 0, &qiov, 0, aio_ret_cb, &aio_ret);
    g_assert(acb != NULL);
    g_assert_cmpint(aio_ret, ==, -EINPROGRESS);

    g_assert_cmpint(s->drain_count, ==, 0);
    g_assert_cmpint(backing_s->drain_count, ==, 0);

    do_drain_begin(drain_type, bs);

    g_assert_cmpint(aio_ret, ==, 0);
    g_assert_cmpint(s->drain_count, ==, 1);
    g_assert_cmpint(backing_s->drain_count, ==, !!recursive);

    do_drain_end(drain_type, bs);

    g_assert_cmpint(s->drain_count, ==, 0);
    g_assert_cmpint(backing_s->drain_count, ==, 0);

    bdrv_unref(backing);
    bdrv_unref(bs);
    blk_unref(blk);
}

static void test_drv_cb_drain_all(void)
{
    test_drv_cb_common(BDRV_DRAIN_ALL, true);
}

static void test_drv_cb_drain(void)
{
    test_drv_cb_common(BDRV_DRAIN, false);
}

static void test_drv_cb_co_drain_all(void)
{
    call_in_coroutine(test_drv_cb_drain_all);
}

static void test_drv_cb_co_drain(void)
{
    call_in_coroutine(test_drv_cb_drain);
}

static void test_quiesce_common(enum drain_type drain_type, bool recursive)
{
    BlockBackend *blk;
    BlockDriverState *bs, *backing;

    blk = blk_new(qemu_get_aio_context(), BLK_PERM_ALL, BLK_PERM_ALL);
    bs = bdrv_new_open_driver(&bdrv_test, "test-node", BDRV_O_RDWR,
                              &error_abort);
    blk_insert_bs(blk, bs, &error_abort);

    backing = bdrv_new_open_driver(&bdrv_test, "backing", 0, &error_abort);
    bdrv_set_backing_hd(bs, backing, &error_abort);

    g_assert_cmpint(bs->quiesce_counter, ==, 0);
    g_assert_cmpint(backing->quiesce_counter, ==, 0);

    do_drain_begin(drain_type, bs);

    g_assert_cmpint(bs->quiesce_counter, ==, 1);
    g_assert_cmpint(backing->quiesce_counter, ==, !!recursive);

    do_drain_end(drain_type, bs);

    g_assert_cmpint(bs->quiesce_counter, ==, 0);
    g_assert_cmpint(backing->quiesce_counter, ==, 0);

    bdrv_unref(backing);
    bdrv_unref(bs);
    blk_unref(blk);
}

static void test_quiesce_drain_all(void)
{
    test_quiesce_common(BDRV_DRAIN_ALL, true);
}

static void test_quiesce_drain(void)
{
    test_quiesce_common(BDRV_DRAIN, false);
}

static void test_quiesce_co_drain_all(void)
{
    call_in_coroutine(test_quiesce_drain_all);
}

static void test_quiesce_co_drain(void)
{
    call_in_coroutine(test_quiesce_drain);
}

static void test_nested(void)
{
    BlockBackend *blk;
    BlockDriverState *bs, *backing;
    BDRVTestState *s, *backing_s;
    enum drain_type outer, inner;

    blk = blk_new(qemu_get_aio_context(), BLK_PERM_ALL, BLK_PERM_ALL);
    bs = bdrv_new_open_driver(&bdrv_test, "test-node", BDRV_O_RDWR,
                              &error_abort);
    s = bs->opaque;
    blk_insert_bs(blk, bs, &error_abort);

    backing = bdrv_new_open_driver(&bdrv_test, "backing", 0, &error_abort);
    backing_s = backing->opaque;
    bdrv_set_backing_hd(bs, backing, &error_abort);

    for (outer = 0; outer < DRAIN_TYPE_MAX; outer++) {
        for (inner = 0; inner < DRAIN_TYPE_MAX; inner++) {
            int backing_quiesce = (outer != BDRV_DRAIN) +
                                  (inner != BDRV_DRAIN);

            g_assert_cmpint(bs->quiesce_counter, ==, 0);
            g_assert_cmpint(backing->quiesce_counter, ==, 0);
            g_assert_cmpint(s->drain_count, ==, 0);
            g_assert_cmpint(backing_s->drain_count, ==, 0);

            do_drain_begin(outer, bs);
            do_drain_begin(inner, bs);

            g_assert_cmpint(bs->quiesce_counter, ==, 2);
            g_assert_cmpint(backing->quiesce_counter, ==, backing_quiesce);
            g_assert_cmpint(s->drain_count, ==, 2);
            g_assert_cmpint(backing_s->drain_count, ==, backing_quiesce);

            do_drain_end(inner, bs);
            do_drain_end(outer, bs);

            g_assert_cmpint(bs->quiesce_counter, ==, 0);
            g_assert_cmpint(backing->quiesce_counter, ==, 0);
            g_assert_cmpint(s->drain_count, ==, 0);
            g_assert_cmpint(backing_s->drain_count, ==, 0);
        }
    }

    bdrv_unref(backing);
    bdrv_unref(bs);
    blk_unref(blk);
}

static void test_graph_change_drain_all(void)
{
    BlockBackend *blk_a, *blk_b;
    BlockDriverState *bs_a, *bs_b;
    BDRVTestState *a_s, *b_s;

    /* Create node A with a BlockBackend */
    blk_a = blk_new(qemu_get_aio_context(), BLK_PERM_ALL, BLK_PERM_ALL);
    bs_a = bdrv_new_open_driver(&bdrv_test, "test-node-a", BDRV_O_RDWR,
                                &error_abort);
    a_s = bs_a->opaque;
    blk_insert_bs(blk_a, bs_a, &error_abort);

    g_assert_cmpint(bs_a->quiesce_counter, ==, 0);
    g_assert_cmpint(a_s->drain_count, ==, 0);

    /* Call bdrv_drain_all_begin() */
    bdrv_drain_all_begin();

    g_assert_cmpint(bs_a->quiesce_counter, ==, 1);
    g_assert_cmpint(a_s->drain_count, ==, 1);

    /* Create node B with a BlockBackend */
    blk_b = blk_new(qemu_get_aio_context(), BLK_PERM_ALL, BLK_PERM_ALL);
    bs_b = bdrv_new_open_driver(&bdrv_test, "test-node-b", BDRV_O_RDWR,
                                &error_abort);
    b_s = bs_b->opaque;
    blk_insert_bs(blk_b, bs_b, &error_abort);

    g_assert_cmpint(bs_a->quiesce_counter, ==, 1);
    g_assert_cmpint(bs_b->quiesce_counter, ==, 1);
    g_assert_cmpint(a_s->drain_count, ==, 1);
    g_assert_cmpint(b_s->drain_count, ==, 1);

    /* Unref and finally delete node A */
    blk_unref(blk_a);

    g_assert_cmpint(bs_a->quiesce_counter, ==, 1);
    g_assert_cmpint(bs_b->quiesce_counter, ==, 1);
    g_assert_cmpint(a_s->drain_count, ==, 1);
    g_assert_cmpint(b_s->drain_count, ==, 1);

    bdrv_unref(bs_a);

    g_assert_cmpint(bs_b->quiesce_counter, ==, 1);
    g_assert_cmpint(b_s->drain_count, ==, 1);

    /* End the drained section */
    bdrv_drain_all_end();

    g_assert_cmpint(bs_b->quiesce_counter, ==, 0);
    g_assert_cmpint(b_s->drain_count, ==, 0);
    g_assert_cmpint(qemu_get_aio_context()->external_disable_cnt, ==, 0);

    bdrv_unref(bs_b);
    blk_unref(blk_b);
}

struct test_iothread_data {
    BlockDriverState *bs;
    enum drain_type drain_type;
    int *aio_ret;
};

static void test_iothread_drain_entry(void *opaque)
{
    struct test_iothread_data *data = opaque;

    aio_context_acquire(bdrv_get_aio_context(data->bs));
    do_drain_begin(data->drain_type, data->bs);
    g_assert_cmpint(*data->aio_ret, ==, 0);
    do_drain_end(data->drain_type, data->bs);
    aio_context_release(bdrv_get_aio_context(data->bs));

    qemu_event_set(&done_event);
}

static void test_iothread_aio_cb(void *opaque, int ret)
{
    int *aio_ret = opaque;
    *aio_ret = ret;
    qemu_event_set(&done_event);
}

static void test_iothread_main_thread_bh(void *opaque)
{
    struct test_iothread_data *data = opaque;

    /* Test that the AioContext is not yet locked in a random BH that is
     * executed during drain, otherwise this would deadlock. */
    aio_context_acquire(bdrv_get_aio_context(data->bs));
    bdrv_flush(data->bs);
    aio_context_release(bdrv_get_aio_context(data->bs));
}

/*
 * Starts an AIO request on a BDS that runs in the AioContext of iothread 1.
 * The request involves a BH on iothread 2 before it can complete.
 *
 * @drain_thread = 0 means that do_drain_begin/end are called from the main
 * thread, @drain_thread = 1 means that they are called from iothread 1. Drain
 * for this BDS cannot be called from iothread 2 because only the main thread
 * may do cross-AioContext polling.
 */
static void test_iothread_common(enum drain_type drain_type, int drain_thread)
{
    BlockBackend *blk;
    BlockDriverState *bs;
    BDRVTestState *s;
    BlockAIOCB *acb;
    int aio_ret;
    struct test_iothread_data data;

    IOThread *a = iothread_new();
    IOThread *b = iothread_new();
    AioContext *ctx_a = iothread_get_aio_context(a);
    AioContext *ctx_b = iothread_get_aio_context(b);

    QEMUIOVector qiov = QEMU_IOVEC_INIT_BUF(qiov, NULL, 0);

    /* bdrv_drain_all() may only be called from the main loop thread */
    if (drain_type == BDRV_DRAIN_ALL && drain_thread != 0) {
        goto out;
    }

    blk = blk_new(qemu_get_aio_context(), BLK_PERM_ALL, BLK_PERM_ALL);
    bs = bdrv_new_open_driver(&bdrv_test, "test-node", BDRV_O_RDWR,
                              &error_abort);
    s = bs->opaque;
    blk_insert_bs(blk, bs, &error_abort);
    blk_set_disable_request_queuing(blk, true);

    blk_set_aio_context(blk, ctx_a, &error_abort);
    aio_context_acquire(ctx_a);

    s->bh_indirection_ctx = ctx_b;

    aio_ret = -EINPROGRESS;
    qemu_event_reset(&done_event);

    if (drain_thread == 0) {
        acb = blk_aio_preadv(blk, 0, &qiov, 0, test_iothread_aio_cb, &aio_ret);
    } else {
        acb = blk_aio_preadv(blk, 0, &qiov, 0, aio_ret_cb, &aio_ret);
    }
    g_assert(acb != NULL);
    g_assert_cmpint(aio_ret, ==, -EINPROGRESS);

    aio_context_release(ctx_a);

    data = (struct test_iothread_data) {
        .bs         = bs,
        .drain_type = drain_type,
        .aio_ret    = &aio_ret,
    };

    switch (drain_thread) {
    case 0:
        if (drain_type != BDRV_DRAIN_ALL) {
            aio_context_acquire(ctx_a);
        }

        aio_bh_schedule_oneshot(ctx_a, test_iothread_main_thread_bh, &data);

        /* The request is running on the IOThread a. Draining its block device
         * will make sure that it has completed as far as the BDS is concerned,
         * but the drain in this thread can continue immediately after
         * bdrv_dec_in_flight() and aio_ret might be assigned only slightly
         * later. */
        do_drain_begin(drain_type, bs);
        g_assert_cmpint(bs->in_flight, ==, 0);

        if (drain_type != BDRV_DRAIN_ALL) {
            aio_context_release(ctx_a);
        }
        qemu_event_wait(&done_event);
        if (drain_type != BDRV_DRAIN_ALL) {
            aio_context_acquire(ctx_a);
        }

        g_assert_cmpint(aio_ret, ==, 0);
        do_drain_end(drain_type, bs);

        if (drain_type != BDRV_DRAIN_ALL) {
            aio_context_release(ctx_a);
        }
        break;
    case 1:
        aio_bh_schedule_oneshot(ctx_a, test_iothread_drain_entry, &data);
        qemu_event_wait(&done_event);
        break;
    default:
        g_assert_not_reached();
    }

    aio_context_acquire(ctx_a);
    blk_set_aio_context(blk, qemu_get_aio_context(), &error_abort);
    aio_context_release(ctx_a);

    bdrv_unref(bs);
    blk_unref(blk);

out:
    iothread_join(a);
    iothread_join(b);
}

static void test_iothread_drain_all(void)
{
    test_iothread_common(BDRV_DRAIN_ALL, 0);
    test_iothread_common(BDRV_DRAIN_ALL, 1);
}

static void test_iothread_drain(void)
{
    test_iothread_common(BDRV_DRAIN, 0);
    test_iothread_common(BDRV_DRAIN, 1);
}


typedef struct TestBlockJob {
    BlockJob common;
    BlockDriverState *bs;
    int run_ret;
    int prepare_ret;
    bool running;
    bool should_complete;
} TestBlockJob;

static int test_job_prepare(Job *job)
{
    TestBlockJob *s = container_of(job, TestBlockJob, common.job);

    /* Provoke an AIO_WAIT_WHILE() call to verify there is no deadlock */
    bdrv_flush(s->bs);
    return s->prepare_ret;
}

static void test_job_commit(Job *job)
{
    TestBlockJob *s = container_of(job, TestBlockJob, common.job);

    /* Provoke an AIO_WAIT_WHILE() call to verify there is no deadlock */
    bdrv_flush(s->bs);
}

static void test_job_abort(Job *job)
{
    TestBlockJob *s = container_of(job, TestBlockJob, common.job);

    /* Provoke an AIO_WAIT_WHILE() call to verify there is no deadlock */
    bdrv_flush(s->bs);
}

static int coroutine_fn test_job_run(Job *job, Error **errp)
{
    TestBlockJob *s = container_of(job, TestBlockJob, common.job);

    /* We are running the actual job code past the pause point in
     * job_co_entry(). */
    s->running = true;

    job_transition_to_ready(&s->common.job);
    while (!s->should_complete) {
        /* Avoid job_sleep_ns() because it marks the job as !busy. We want to
         * emulate some actual activity (probably some I/O) here so that drain
         * has to wait for this activity to stop. */
        qemu_co_sleep_ns(QEMU_CLOCK_REALTIME, 1000000);

        job_pause_point(&s->common.job);
    }

    return s->run_ret;
}

static void test_job_complete(Job *job, Error **errp)
{
    TestBlockJob *s = container_of(job, TestBlockJob, common.job);
    s->should_complete = true;
}

BlockJobDriver test_job_driver = {
    .job_driver = {
        .instance_size  = sizeof(TestBlockJob),
        .free           = block_job_free,
        .user_resume    = block_job_user_resume,
        .run            = test_job_run,
        .complete       = test_job_complete,
        .prepare        = test_job_prepare,
        .commit         = test_job_commit,
        .abort          = test_job_abort,
    },
};

enum test_job_result {
    TEST_JOB_SUCCESS,
    TEST_JOB_FAIL_RUN,
    TEST_JOB_FAIL_PREPARE,
};

enum test_job_drain_node {
    TEST_JOB_DRAIN_SRC,
    TEST_JOB_DRAIN_SRC_CHILD,
};

static void test_blockjob_common_drain_node(enum drain_type drain_type,
                                            bool use_iothread,
                                            enum test_job_result result,
                                            enum test_job_drain_node drain_node)
{
    BlockBackend *blk_src, *blk_target;
    BlockDriverState *src, *src_backing, *src_overlay, *target, *drain_bs;
    BlockJob *job;
    TestBlockJob *tjob;
    IOThread *iothread = NULL;
    AioContext *ctx;
    int ret;

    src = bdrv_new_open_driver(&bdrv_test, "source", BDRV_O_RDWR,
                               &error_abort);
    src_backing = bdrv_new_open_driver(&bdrv_test, "source-backing",
                                       BDRV_O_RDWR, &error_abort);
    src_overlay = bdrv_new_open_driver(&bdrv_test, "source-overlay",
                                       BDRV_O_RDWR, &error_abort);

    bdrv_set_backing_hd(src_overlay, src, &error_abort);
    bdrv_unref(src);
    bdrv_set_backing_hd(src, src_backing, &error_abort);
    bdrv_unref(src_backing);

    blk_src = blk_new(qemu_get_aio_context(), BLK_PERM_ALL, BLK_PERM_ALL);
    blk_insert_bs(blk_src, src_overlay, &error_abort);

    switch (drain_node) {
    case TEST_JOB_DRAIN_SRC:
        drain_bs = src;
        break;
    case TEST_JOB_DRAIN_SRC_CHILD:
        drain_bs = src_backing;
        break;
    default:
        g_assert_not_reached();
    }

    if (use_iothread) {
        iothread = iothread_new();
        ctx = iothread_get_aio_context(iothread);
        blk_set_aio_context(blk_src, ctx, &error_abort);
    } else {
        ctx = qemu_get_aio_context();
    }

    target = bdrv_new_open_driver(&bdrv_test, "target", BDRV_O_RDWR,
                                  &error_abort);
    blk_target = blk_new(qemu_get_aio_context(), BLK_PERM_ALL, BLK_PERM_ALL);
    blk_insert_bs(blk_target, target, &error_abort);
    blk_set_allow_aio_context_change(blk_target, true);

    aio_context_acquire(ctx);
    tjob = block_job_create("job0", &test_job_driver, NULL, src,
                            0, BLK_PERM_ALL,
                            0, 0, NULL, NULL, &error_abort);
    tjob->bs = src;
    job = &tjob->common;
    block_job_add_bdrv(job, "target", target, 0, BLK_PERM_ALL, &error_abort);

    switch (result) {
    case TEST_JOB_SUCCESS:
        break;
    case TEST_JOB_FAIL_RUN:
        tjob->run_ret = -EIO;
        break;
    case TEST_JOB_FAIL_PREPARE:
        tjob->prepare_ret = -EIO;
        break;
    }
    aio_context_release(ctx);

    job_start(&job->job);

    if (use_iothread) {
        /* job_co_entry() is run in the I/O thread, wait for the actual job
         * code to start (we don't want to catch the job in the pause point in
         * job_co_entry(). */
        while (!tjob->running) {
            aio_poll(qemu_get_aio_context(), false);
        }
    }

    WITH_JOB_LOCK_GUARD() {
        g_assert_cmpint(job->job.pause_count, ==, 0);
        g_assert_false(job->job.paused);
        g_assert_true(tjob->running);
        g_assert_true(job->job.busy); /* We're in qemu_co_sleep_ns() */
    }

    do_drain_begin_unlocked(drain_type, drain_bs);

    WITH_JOB_LOCK_GUARD() {
        if (drain_type == BDRV_DRAIN_ALL) {
            /* bdrv_drain_all() drains both src and target */
            g_assert_cmpint(job->job.pause_count, ==, 2);
        } else {
            g_assert_cmpint(job->job.pause_count, ==, 1);
        }
        g_assert_true(job->job.paused);
        g_assert_false(job->job.busy); /* The job is paused */
    }

    do_drain_end_unlocked(drain_type, drain_bs);

    if (use_iothread) {
        /*
         * Here we are waiting for the paused status to change,
         * so don't bother protecting the read every time.
         *
         * paused is reset in the I/O thread, wait for it
         */
        while (job->job.paused) {
            aio_poll(qemu_get_aio_context(), false);
        }
    }

    WITH_JOB_LOCK_GUARD() {
        g_assert_cmpint(job->job.pause_count, ==, 0);
        g_assert_false(job->job.paused);
        g_assert_true(job->job.busy); /* We're in qemu_co_sleep_ns() */
    }

    do_drain_begin_unlocked(drain_type, target);

    WITH_JOB_LOCK_GUARD() {
        if (drain_type == BDRV_DRAIN_ALL) {
            /* bdrv_drain_all() drains both src and target */
            g_assert_cmpint(job->job.pause_count, ==, 2);
        } else {
            g_assert_cmpint(job->job.pause_count, ==, 1);
        }
        g_assert_true(job->job.paused);
        g_assert_false(job->job.busy); /* The job is paused */
    }

    do_drain_end_unlocked(drain_type, target);

    if (use_iothread) {
        /*
         * Here we are waiting for the paused status to change,
         * so don't bother protecting the read every time.
         *
         * paused is reset in the I/O thread, wait for it
         */
        while (job->job.paused) {
            aio_poll(qemu_get_aio_context(), false);
        }
    }

    WITH_JOB_LOCK_GUARD() {
        g_assert_cmpint(job->job.pause_count, ==, 0);
        g_assert_false(job->job.paused);
        g_assert_true(job->job.busy); /* We're in qemu_co_sleep_ns() */
    }

    WITH_JOB_LOCK_GUARD() {
        ret = job_complete_sync_locked(&job->job, &error_abort);
    }
    g_assert_cmpint(ret, ==, (result == TEST_JOB_SUCCESS ? 0 : -EIO));

    aio_context_acquire(ctx);
    if (use_iothread) {
        blk_set_aio_context(blk_src, qemu_get_aio_context(), &error_abort);
        assert(blk_get_aio_context(blk_target) == qemu_get_aio_context());
    }
    aio_context_release(ctx);

    blk_unref(blk_src);
    blk_unref(blk_target);
    bdrv_unref(src_overlay);
    bdrv_unref(target);

    if (iothread) {
        iothread_join(iothread);
    }
}

static void test_blockjob_common(enum drain_type drain_type, bool use_iothread,
                                 enum test_job_result result)
{
    test_blockjob_common_drain_node(drain_type, use_iothread, result,
                                    TEST_JOB_DRAIN_SRC);
    test_blockjob_common_drain_node(drain_type, use_iothread, result,
                                    TEST_JOB_DRAIN_SRC_CHILD);
}

static void test_blockjob_drain_all(void)
{
    test_blockjob_common(BDRV_DRAIN_ALL, false, TEST_JOB_SUCCESS);
}

static void test_blockjob_drain(void)
{
    test_blockjob_common(BDRV_DRAIN, false, TEST_JOB_SUCCESS);
}

static void test_blockjob_error_drain_all(void)
{
    test_blockjob_common(BDRV_DRAIN_ALL, false, TEST_JOB_FAIL_RUN);
    test_blockjob_common(BDRV_DRAIN_ALL, false, TEST_JOB_FAIL_PREPARE);
}

static void test_blockjob_error_drain(void)
{
    test_blockjob_common(BDRV_DRAIN, false, TEST_JOB_FAIL_RUN);
    test_blockjob_common(BDRV_DRAIN, false, TEST_JOB_FAIL_PREPARE);
}

static void test_blockjob_iothread_drain_all(void)
{
    test_blockjob_common(BDRV_DRAIN_ALL, true, TEST_JOB_SUCCESS);
}

static void test_blockjob_iothread_drain(void)
{
    test_blockjob_common(BDRV_DRAIN, true, TEST_JOB_SUCCESS);
}

static void test_blockjob_iothread_error_drain_all(void)
{
    test_blockjob_common(BDRV_DRAIN_ALL, true, TEST_JOB_FAIL_RUN);
    test_blockjob_common(BDRV_DRAIN_ALL, true, TEST_JOB_FAIL_PREPARE);
}

static void test_blockjob_iothread_error_drain(void)
{
    test_blockjob_common(BDRV_DRAIN, true, TEST_JOB_FAIL_RUN);
    test_blockjob_common(BDRV_DRAIN, true, TEST_JOB_FAIL_PREPARE);
}


typedef struct BDRVTestTopState {
    BdrvChild *wait_child;
} BDRVTestTopState;

static void bdrv_test_top_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
{
    BdrvChild *c, *next_c;
    QLIST_FOREACH_SAFE(c, &bs->children, next, next_c) {
        bdrv_unref_child(bs, c);
    }
}

static int coroutine_fn bdrv_test_top_co_preadv(BlockDriverState *bs,
                                                int64_t offset, int64_t bytes,
                                                QEMUIOVector *qiov,
                                                BdrvRequestFlags flags)
{
    BDRVTestTopState *tts = bs->opaque;
    return bdrv_co_preadv(tts->wait_child, offset, bytes, qiov, flags);
}

static BlockDriver bdrv_test_top_driver = {
    .format_name            = "test_top_driver",
    .instance_size          = sizeof(BDRVTestTopState),

    .bdrv_close             = bdrv_test_top_close,
    .bdrv_co_preadv         = bdrv_test_top_co_preadv,

    .bdrv_child_perm        = bdrv_default_perms,
};

typedef struct TestCoDeleteByDrainData {
    BlockBackend *blk;
    bool detach_instead_of_delete;
    bool done;
} TestCoDeleteByDrainData;

static void coroutine_fn test_co_delete_by_drain(void *opaque)
{
    TestCoDeleteByDrainData *dbdd = opaque;
    BlockBackend *blk = dbdd->blk;
    BlockDriverState *bs = blk_bs(blk);
    BDRVTestTopState *tts = bs->opaque;
    void *buffer = g_malloc(65536);
    QEMUIOVector qiov = QEMU_IOVEC_INIT_BUF(qiov, buffer, 65536);

    /* Pretend some internal write operation from parent to child.
     * Important: We have to read from the child, not from the parent!
     * Draining works by first propagating it all up the tree to the
     * root and then waiting for drainage from root to the leaves
     * (protocol nodes).  If we have a request waiting on the root,
     * everything will be drained before we go back down the tree, but
     * we do not want that.  We want to be in the middle of draining
     * when this following requests returns. */
    bdrv_co_preadv(tts->wait_child, 0, 65536, &qiov, 0);

    g_assert_cmpint(bs->refcnt, ==, 1);

    if (!dbdd->detach_instead_of_delete) {
        blk_unref(blk);
    } else {
        BdrvChild *c, *next_c;
        QLIST_FOREACH_SAFE(c, &bs->children, next, next_c) {
            bdrv_unref_child(bs, c);
        }
    }

    dbdd->done = true;
    g_free(buffer);
}

/**
 * Test what happens when some BDS has some children, you drain one of
 * them and this results in the BDS being deleted.
 *
 * If @detach_instead_of_delete is set, the BDS is not going to be
 * deleted but will only detach all of its children.
 */
static void do_test_delete_by_drain(bool detach_instead_of_delete,
                                    enum drain_type drain_type)
{
    BlockBackend *blk;
    BlockDriverState *bs, *child_bs, *null_bs;
    BDRVTestTopState *tts;
    TestCoDeleteByDrainData dbdd;
    Coroutine *co;

    bs = bdrv_new_open_driver(&bdrv_test_top_driver, "top", BDRV_O_RDWR,
                              &error_abort);
    bs->total_sectors = 65536 >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
    tts = bs->opaque;

    null_bs = bdrv_open("null-co://", NULL, NULL, BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_PROTOCOL,
                        &error_abort);
    bdrv_attach_child(bs, null_bs, "null-child", &child_of_bds,
                      BDRV_CHILD_DATA, &error_abort);

    /* This child will be the one to pass to requests through to, and
     * it will stall until a drain occurs */
    child_bs = bdrv_new_open_driver(&bdrv_test, "child", BDRV_O_RDWR,
                                    &error_abort);
    child_bs->total_sectors = 65536 >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
    /* Takes our reference to child_bs */
    tts->wait_child = bdrv_attach_child(bs, child_bs, "wait-child",
                                        &child_of_bds,
                                        BDRV_CHILD_DATA | BDRV_CHILD_PRIMARY,
                                        &error_abort);

    /* This child is just there to be deleted
     * (for detach_instead_of_delete == true) */
    null_bs = bdrv_open("null-co://", NULL, NULL, BDRV_O_RDWR | BDRV_O_PROTOCOL,
                        &error_abort);
    bdrv_attach_child(bs, null_bs, "null-child", &child_of_bds, BDRV_CHILD_DATA,
                      &error_abort);

    blk = blk_new(qemu_get_aio_context(), BLK_PERM_ALL, BLK_PERM_ALL);
    blk_insert_bs(blk, bs, &error_abort);

    /* Referenced by blk now */
    bdrv_unref(bs);

    g_assert_cmpint(bs->refcnt, ==, 1);
    g_assert_cmpint(child_bs->refcnt, ==, 1);
    g_assert_cmpint(null_bs->refcnt, ==, 1);


    dbdd = (TestCoDeleteByDrainData){
        .blk = blk,
        .detach_instead_of_delete = detach_instead_of_delete,
        .done = false,
    };
    co = qemu_coroutine_create(test_co_delete_by_drain, &dbdd);
    qemu_coroutine_enter(co);

    /* Drain the child while the read operation is still pending.
     * This should result in the operation finishing and
     * test_co_delete_by_drain() resuming.  Thus, @bs will be deleted
     * and the coroutine will exit while this drain operation is still
     * in progress. */
    switch (drain_type) {
    case BDRV_DRAIN:
        bdrv_ref(child_bs);
        bdrv_drain(child_bs);
        bdrv_unref(child_bs);
        break;
    case BDRV_DRAIN_ALL:
        bdrv_drain_all_begin();
        bdrv_drain_all_end();
        break;
    default:
        g_assert_not_reached();
    }

    while (!dbdd.done) {
        aio_poll(qemu_get_aio_context(), true);
    }

    if (detach_instead_of_delete) {
        /* Here, the reference has not passed over to the coroutine,
         * so we have to delete the BB ourselves */
        blk_unref(blk);
    }
}

static void test_delete_by_drain(void)
{
    do_test_delete_by_drain(false, BDRV_DRAIN);
}

static void test_detach_by_drain_all(void)
{
    do_test_delete_by_drain(true, BDRV_DRAIN_ALL);
}

static void test_detach_by_drain(void)
{
    do_test_delete_by_drain(true, BDRV_DRAIN);
}


struct detach_by_parent_data {
    BlockDriverState *parent_b;
    BdrvChild *child_b;
    BlockDriverState *c;
    BdrvChild *child_c;
    bool by_parent_cb;
};
static struct detach_by_parent_data detach_by_parent_data;

static void detach_indirect_bh(void *opaque)
{
    struct detach_by_parent_data *data = opaque;

    bdrv_unref_child(data->parent_b, data->child_b);

    bdrv_ref(data->c);
    data->child_c = bdrv_attach_child(data->parent_b, data->c, "PB-C",
                                      &child_of_bds, BDRV_CHILD_DATA,
                                      &error_abort);
}

static void detach_by_parent_aio_cb(void *opaque, int ret)
{
    struct detach_by_parent_data *data = &detach_by_parent_data;

    g_assert_cmpint(ret, ==, 0);
    if (data->by_parent_cb) {
        detach_indirect_bh(data);
    }
}

static void detach_by_driver_cb_drained_begin(BdrvChild *child)
{
    aio_bh_schedule_oneshot(qemu_get_current_aio_context(),
                            detach_indirect_bh, &detach_by_parent_data);
    child_of_bds.drained_begin(child);
}

static BdrvChildClass detach_by_driver_cb_class;

/*
 * Initial graph:
 *
 * PA     PB
 *    \ /   \
 *     A     B     C
 *
 * by_parent_cb == true:  Test that parent callbacks don't poll
 *
 *     PA has a pending write request whose callback changes the child nodes of
 *     PB: It removes B and adds C instead. The subtree of PB is drained, which
 *     will indirectly drain the write request, too.
 *
 * by_parent_cb == false: Test that bdrv_drain_invoke() doesn't poll
 *
 *     PA's BdrvChildClass has a .drained_begin callback that schedules a BH
 *     that does the same graph change. If bdrv_drain_invoke() calls it, the
 *     state is messed up, but if it is only polled in the single
 *     BDRV_POLL_WHILE() at the end of the drain, this should work fine.
 */
static void test_detach_indirect(bool by_parent_cb)
{
    BlockBackend *blk;
    BlockDriverState *parent_a, *parent_b, *a, *b, *c;
    BdrvChild *child_a, *child_b;
    BlockAIOCB *acb;

    QEMUIOVector qiov = QEMU_IOVEC_INIT_BUF(qiov, NULL, 0);

    if (!by_parent_cb) {
        detach_by_driver_cb_class = child_of_bds;
        detach_by_driver_cb_class.drained_begin =
            detach_by_driver_cb_drained_begin;
    }

    /* Create all involved nodes */
    parent_a = bdrv_new_open_driver(&bdrv_test, "parent-a", BDRV_O_RDWR,
                                    &error_abort);
    parent_b = bdrv_new_open_driver(&bdrv_test, "parent-b", 0,
                                    &error_abort);

    a = bdrv_new_open_driver(&bdrv_test, "a", BDRV_O_RDWR, &error_abort);
    b = bdrv_new_open_driver(&bdrv_test, "b", BDRV_O_RDWR, &error_abort);
    c = bdrv_new_open_driver(&bdrv_test, "c", BDRV_O_RDWR, &error_abort);

    /* blk is a BB for parent-a */
    blk = blk_new(qemu_get_aio_context(), BLK_PERM_ALL, BLK_PERM_ALL);
    blk_insert_bs(blk, parent_a, &error_abort);
    bdrv_unref(parent_a);

    /* If we want to get bdrv_drain_invoke() to call aio_poll(), the driver
     * callback must not return immediately. */
    if (!by_parent_cb) {
        BDRVTestState *s = parent_a->opaque;
        s->sleep_in_drain_begin = true;
    }

    /* Set child relationships */
    bdrv_ref(b);
    bdrv_ref(a);
    child_b = bdrv_attach_child(parent_b, b, "PB-B", &child_of_bds,
                                BDRV_CHILD_DATA, &error_abort);
    child_a = bdrv_attach_child(parent_b, a, "PB-A", &child_of_bds,
                                BDRV_CHILD_COW, &error_abort);

    bdrv_ref(a);
    bdrv_attach_child(parent_a, a, "PA-A",
                      by_parent_cb ? &child_of_bds : &detach_by_driver_cb_class,
                      BDRV_CHILD_DATA, &error_abort);

    g_assert_cmpint(parent_a->refcnt, ==, 1);
    g_assert_cmpint(parent_b->refcnt, ==, 1);
    g_assert_cmpint(a->refcnt, ==, 3);
    g_assert_cmpint(b->refcnt, ==, 2);
    g_assert_cmpint(c->refcnt, ==, 1);

    g_assert(QLIST_FIRST(&parent_b->children) == child_a);
    g_assert(QLIST_NEXT(child_a, next) == child_b);
    g_assert(QLIST_NEXT(child_b, next) == NULL);

    /* Start the evil write request */
    detach_by_parent_data = (struct detach_by_parent_data) {
        .parent_b = parent_b,
        .child_b = child_b,
        .c = c,
        .by_parent_cb = by_parent_cb,
    };
    acb = blk_aio_preadv(blk, 0, &qiov, 0, detach_by_parent_aio_cb, NULL);
    g_assert(acb != NULL);

    /* Drain and check the expected result */
    bdrv_drained_begin(parent_b);
    bdrv_drained_begin(a);
    bdrv_drained_begin(b);
    bdrv_drained_begin(c);

    g_assert(detach_by_parent_data.child_c != NULL);

    g_assert_cmpint(parent_a->refcnt, ==, 1);
    g_assert_cmpint(parent_b->refcnt, ==, 1);
    g_assert_cmpint(a->refcnt, ==, 3);
    g_assert_cmpint(b->refcnt, ==, 1);
    g_assert_cmpint(c->refcnt, ==, 2);

    g_assert(QLIST_FIRST(&parent_b->children) == detach_by_parent_data.child_c);
    g_assert(QLIST_NEXT(detach_by_parent_data.child_c, next) == child_a);
    g_assert(QLIST_NEXT(child_a, next) == NULL);

    g_assert_cmpint(parent_a->quiesce_counter, ==, 1);
    g_assert_cmpint(parent_b->quiesce_counter, ==, 3);
    g_assert_cmpint(a->quiesce_counter, ==, 1);
    g_assert_cmpint(b->quiesce_counter, ==, 1);
    g_assert_cmpint(c->quiesce_counter, ==, 1);

    bdrv_drained_end(parent_b);
    bdrv_drained_end(a);
    bdrv_drained_end(b);
    bdrv_drained_end(c);

    bdrv_unref(parent_b);
    blk_unref(blk);

    g_assert_cmpint(a->refcnt, ==, 1);
    g_assert_cmpint(b->refcnt, ==, 1);
    g_assert_cmpint(c->refcnt, ==, 1);
    bdrv_unref(a);
    bdrv_unref(b);
    bdrv_unref(c);
}

static void test_detach_by_parent_cb(void)
{
    test_detach_indirect(true);
}

static void test_detach_by_driver_cb(void)
{
    test_detach_indirect(false);
}

static void test_append_to_drained(void)
{
    BlockBackend *blk;
    BlockDriverState *base, *overlay;
    BDRVTestState *base_s, *overlay_s;

    blk = blk_new(qemu_get_aio_context(), BLK_PERM_ALL, BLK_PERM_ALL);
    base = bdrv_new_open_driver(&bdrv_test, "base", BDRV_O_RDWR, &error_abort);
    base_s = base->opaque;
    blk_insert_bs(blk, base, &error_abort);

    overlay = bdrv_new_open_driver(&bdrv_test, "overlay", BDRV_O_RDWR,
                                   &error_abort);
    overlay_s = overlay->opaque;

    do_drain_begin(BDRV_DRAIN, base);
    g_assert_cmpint(base->quiesce_counter, ==, 1);
    g_assert_cmpint(base_s->drain_count, ==, 1);
    g_assert_cmpint(base->in_flight, ==, 0);

    bdrv_append(overlay, base, &error_abort);
    g_assert_cmpint(base->in_flight, ==, 0);
    g_assert_cmpint(overlay->in_flight, ==, 0);

    g_assert_cmpint(base->quiesce_counter, ==, 1);
    g_assert_cmpint(base_s->drain_count, ==, 1);
    g_assert_cmpint(overlay->quiesce_counter, ==, 1);
    g_assert_cmpint(overlay_s->drain_count, ==, 1);

    do_drain_end(BDRV_DRAIN, base);

    g_assert_cmpint(base->quiesce_counter, ==, 0);
    g_assert_cmpint(base_s->drain_count, ==, 0);
    g_assert_cmpint(overlay->quiesce_counter, ==, 0);
    g_assert_cmpint(overlay_s->drain_count, ==, 0);

    bdrv_unref(overlay);
    bdrv_unref(base);
    blk_unref(blk);
}

static void test_set_aio_context(void)
{
    BlockDriverState *bs;
    IOThread *a = iothread_new();
    IOThread *b = iothread_new();
    AioContext *ctx_a = iothread_get_aio_context(a);
    AioContext *ctx_b = iothread_get_aio_context(b);

    bs = bdrv_new_open_driver(&bdrv_test, "test-node", BDRV_O_RDWR,
                              &error_abort);

    bdrv_drained_begin(bs);
    bdrv_try_change_aio_context(bs, ctx_a, NULL, &error_abort);

    aio_context_acquire(ctx_a);
    bdrv_drained_end(bs);

    bdrv_drained_begin(bs);
    bdrv_try_change_aio_context(bs, ctx_b, NULL, &error_abort);
    aio_context_release(ctx_a);
    aio_context_acquire(ctx_b);
    bdrv_try_change_aio_context(bs, qemu_get_aio_context(), NULL, &error_abort);
    aio_context_release(ctx_b);
    bdrv_drained_end(bs);

    bdrv_unref(bs);
    iothread_join(a);
    iothread_join(b);
}


typedef struct TestDropBackingBlockJob {
    BlockJob common;
    bool should_complete;
    bool *did_complete;
    BlockDriverState *detach_also;
    BlockDriverState *bs;
} TestDropBackingBlockJob;

static int coroutine_fn test_drop_backing_job_run(Job *job, Error **errp)
{
    TestDropBackingBlockJob *s =
        container_of(job, TestDropBackingBlockJob, common.job);

    while (!s->should_complete) {
        job_sleep_ns(job, 0);
    }

    return 0;
}

static void test_drop_backing_job_commit(Job *job)
{
    TestDropBackingBlockJob *s =
        container_of(job, TestDropBackingBlockJob, common.job);

    bdrv_set_backing_hd(s->bs, NULL, &error_abort);
    bdrv_set_backing_hd(s->detach_also, NULL, &error_abort);

    *s->did_complete = true;
}

static const BlockJobDriver test_drop_backing_job_driver = {
    .job_driver = {
        .instance_size  = sizeof(TestDropBackingBlockJob),
        .free           = block_job_free,
        .user_resume    = block_job_user_resume,
        .run            = test_drop_backing_job_run,
        .commit         = test_drop_backing_job_commit,
    }
};

/**
 * Creates a child node with three parent nodes on it, and then runs a
 * block job on the final one, parent-node-2.
 *
 * The job is then asked to complete before a section where the child
 * is drained.
 *
 * Ending this section will undrain the child's parents, first
 * parent-node-2, then parent-node-1, then parent-node-0 -- the parent
 * list is in reverse order of how they were added.  Ending the drain
 * on parent-node-2 will resume the job, thus completing it and
 * scheduling job_exit().
 *
 * Ending the drain on parent-node-1 will poll the AioContext, which
 * lets job_exit() and thus test_drop_backing_job_commit() run.  That
 * function first removes the child as parent-node-2's backing file.
 *
 * In old (and buggy) implementations, there are two problems with
 * that:
 * (A) bdrv_drain_invoke() polls for every node that leaves the
 *     drained section.  This means that job_exit() is scheduled
 *     before the child has left the drained section.  Its
 *     quiesce_counter is therefore still 1 when it is removed from
 *     parent-node-2.
 *
 * (B) bdrv_replace_child_noperm() calls drained_end() on the old
 *     child's parents as many times as the child is quiesced.  This
 *     means it will call drained_end() on parent-node-2 once.
 *     Because parent-node-2 is no longer quiesced at this point, this
 *     will fail.
 *
 * bdrv_replace_child_noperm() therefore must call drained_end() on
 * the parent only if it really is still drained because the child is
 * drained.
 *
 * If removing child from parent-node-2 was successful (as it should
 * be), test_drop_backing_job_commit() will then also remove the child
 * from parent-node-0.
 *
 * With an old version of our drain infrastructure ((A) above), that
 * resulted in the following flow:
 *
 * 1. child attempts to leave its drained section.  The call recurses
 *    to its parents.
 *
 * 2. parent-node-2 leaves the drained section.  Polling in
 *    bdrv_drain_invoke() will schedule job_exit().
 *
 * 3. parent-node-1 leaves the drained section.  Polling in
 *    bdrv_drain_invoke() will run job_exit(), thus disconnecting
 *    parent-node-0 from the child node.
 *
 * 4. bdrv_parent_drained_end() uses a QLIST_FOREACH_SAFE() loop to
 *    iterate over the parents.  Thus, it now accesses the BdrvChild
 *    object that used to connect parent-node-0 and the child node.
 *    However, that object no longer exists, so it accesses a dangling
 *    pointer.
 *
 * The solution is to only poll once when running a bdrv_drained_end()
 * operation, specifically at the end when all drained_end()
 * operations for all involved nodes have been scheduled.
 * Note that this also solves (A) above, thus hiding (B).
 */
static void test_blockjob_commit_by_drained_end(void)
{
    BlockDriverState *bs_child, *bs_parents[3];
    TestDropBackingBlockJob *job;
    bool job_has_completed = false;
    int i;

    bs_child = bdrv_new_open_driver(&bdrv_test, "child-node", BDRV_O_RDWR,
                                    &error_abort);

    for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
        char name[32];
        snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "parent-node-%i", i);
        bs_parents[i] = bdrv_new_open_driver(&bdrv_test, name, BDRV_O_RDWR,
                                             &error_abort);
        bdrv_set_backing_hd(bs_parents[i], bs_child, &error_abort);
    }

    job = block_job_create("job", &test_drop_backing_job_driver, NULL,
                           bs_parents[2], 0, BLK_PERM_ALL, 0, 0, NULL, NULL,
                           &error_abort);
    job->bs = bs_parents[2];

    job->detach_also = bs_parents[0];
    job->did_complete = &job_has_completed;

    job_start(&job->common.job);

    job->should_complete = true;
    bdrv_drained_begin(bs_child);
    g_assert(!job_has_completed);
    bdrv_drained_end(bs_child);
    aio_poll(qemu_get_aio_context(), false);
    g_assert(job_has_completed);

    bdrv_unref(bs_parents[0]);
    bdrv_unref(bs_parents[1]);
    bdrv_unref(bs_parents[2]);
    bdrv_unref(bs_child);
}


typedef struct TestSimpleBlockJob {
    BlockJob common;
    bool should_complete;
    bool *did_complete;
} TestSimpleBlockJob;

static int coroutine_fn test_simple_job_run(Job *job, Error **errp)
{
    TestSimpleBlockJob *s = container_of(job, TestSimpleBlockJob, common.job);

    while (!s->should_complete) {
        job_sleep_ns(job, 0);
    }

    return 0;
}

static void test_simple_job_clean(Job *job)
{
    TestSimpleBlockJob *s = container_of(job, TestSimpleBlockJob, common.job);
    *s->did_complete = true;
}

static const BlockJobDriver test_simple_job_driver = {
    .job_driver = {
        .instance_size  = sizeof(TestSimpleBlockJob),
        .free           = block_job_free,
        .user_resume    = block_job_user_resume,
        .run            = test_simple_job_run,
        .clean          = test_simple_job_clean,
    },
};

static int drop_intermediate_poll_update_filename(BdrvChild *child,
                                                  BlockDriverState *new_base,
                                                  const char *filename,
                                                  Error **errp)
{
    /*
     * We are free to poll here, which may change the block graph, if
     * it is not drained.
     */

    /* If the job is not drained: Complete it, schedule job_exit() */
    aio_poll(qemu_get_current_aio_context(), false);
    /* If the job is not drained: Run job_exit(), finish the job */
    aio_poll(qemu_get_current_aio_context(), false);

    return 0;
}

/**
 * Test a poll in the midst of bdrv_drop_intermediate().
 *
 * bdrv_drop_intermediate() calls BdrvChildClass.update_filename(),
 * which can yield or poll.  This may lead to graph changes, unless
 * the whole subtree in question is drained.
 *
 * We test this on the following graph:
 *
 *                    Job
 *
 *                     |
 *                  job-node
 *                     |
 *                     v
 *
 *                  job-node
 *
 *                     |
 *                  backing
 *                     |
 *                     v
 *
 * node-2 --chain--> node-1 --chain--> node-0
 *
 * We drop node-1 with bdrv_drop_intermediate(top=node-1, base=node-0).
 *
 * This first updates node-2's backing filename by invoking
 * drop_intermediate_poll_update_filename(), which polls twice.  This
 * causes the job to finish, which in turns causes the job-node to be
 * deleted.
 *
 * bdrv_drop_intermediate() uses a QLIST_FOREACH_SAFE() loop, so it
 * already has a pointer to the BdrvChild edge between job-node and
 * node-1.  When it tries to handle that edge, we probably get a
 * segmentation fault because the object no longer exists.
 *
 *
 * The solution is for bdrv_drop_intermediate() to drain top's
 * subtree.  This prevents graph changes from happening just because
 * BdrvChildClass.update_filename() yields or polls.  Thus, the block
 * job is paused during that drained section and must finish before or
 * after.
 *
 * (In addition, bdrv_replace_child() must keep the job paused.)
 */
static void test_drop_intermediate_poll(void)
{
    static BdrvChildClass chain_child_class;
    BlockDriverState *chain[3];
    TestSimpleBlockJob *job;
    BlockDriverState *job_node;
    bool job_has_completed = false;
    int i;
    int ret;

    chain_child_class = child_of_bds;
    chain_child_class.update_filename = drop_intermediate_poll_update_filename;

    for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
        char name[32];
        snprintf(name, 32, "node-%i", i);

        chain[i] = bdrv_new_open_driver(&bdrv_test, name, 0, &error_abort);
    }

    job_node = bdrv_new_open_driver(&bdrv_test, "job-node", BDRV_O_RDWR,
                                    &error_abort);
    bdrv_set_backing_hd(job_node, chain[1], &error_abort);

    /*
     * Establish the chain last, so the chain links are the first
     * elements in the BDS.parents lists
     */
    for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
        if (i) {
            /* Takes the reference to chain[i - 1] */
            bdrv_attach_child(chain[i], chain[i - 1], "chain",
                              &chain_child_class, BDRV_CHILD_COW, &error_abort);
        }
    }

    job = block_job_create("job", &test_simple_job_driver, NULL, job_node,
                           0, BLK_PERM_ALL, 0, 0, NULL, NULL, &error_abort);

    /* The job has a reference now */
    bdrv_unref(job_node);

    job->did_complete = &job_has_completed;

    job_start(&job->common.job);
    job->should_complete = true;

    g_assert(!job_has_completed);
    ret = bdrv_drop_intermediate(chain[1], chain[0], NULL);
    aio_poll(qemu_get_aio_context(), false);
    g_assert(ret == 0);
    g_assert(job_has_completed);

    bdrv_unref(chain[2]);
}


typedef struct BDRVReplaceTestState {
    bool was_drained;
    bool was_undrained;
    bool has_read;

    int drain_count;

    bool yield_before_read;
    Coroutine *io_co;
    Coroutine *drain_co;
} BDRVReplaceTestState;

static void bdrv_replace_test_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
{
}

/**
 * If @bs has a backing file:
 *   Yield if .yield_before_read is true (and wait for drain_begin to
 *   wake us up).
 *   Forward the read to bs->backing.  Set .has_read to true.
 *   If drain_begin has woken us, wake it in turn.
 *
 * Otherwise:
 *   Set .has_read to true and return success.
 */
static int coroutine_fn bdrv_replace_test_co_preadv(BlockDriverState *bs,
                                                    int64_t offset,
                                                    int64_t bytes,
                                                    QEMUIOVector *qiov,
                                                    BdrvRequestFlags flags)
{
    BDRVReplaceTestState *s = bs->opaque;

    if (bs->backing) {
        int ret;

        g_assert(!s->drain_count);

        s->io_co = qemu_coroutine_self();
        if (s->yield_before_read) {
            s->yield_before_read = false;
            qemu_coroutine_yield();
        }
        s->io_co = NULL;

        ret = bdrv_co_preadv(bs->backing, offset, bytes, qiov, 0);
        s->has_read = true;

        /* Wake up drain_co if it runs */
        if (s->drain_co) {
            aio_co_wake(s->drain_co);
        }

        return ret;
    }

    s->has_read = true;
    return 0;
}

static void coroutine_fn bdrv_replace_test_drain_co(void *opaque)
{
    BlockDriverState *bs = opaque;
    BDRVReplaceTestState *s = bs->opaque;

    /* Keep waking io_co up until it is done */
    while (s->io_co) {
        aio_co_wake(s->io_co);
        s->io_co = NULL;
        qemu_coroutine_yield();
    }
    s->drain_co = NULL;
    bdrv_dec_in_flight(bs);
}

/**
 * If .drain_count is 0, wake up .io_co if there is one; and set
 * .was_drained.
 * Increment .drain_count.
 */
static void bdrv_replace_test_drain_begin(BlockDriverState *bs)
{
    BDRVReplaceTestState *s = bs->opaque;

    if (!s->drain_count) {
        s->drain_co = qemu_coroutine_create(bdrv_replace_test_drain_co, bs);
        bdrv_inc_in_flight(bs);
        aio_co_enter(bdrv_get_aio_context(bs), s->drain_co);
        s->was_drained = true;
    }
    s->drain_count++;
}

static void coroutine_fn bdrv_replace_test_read_entry(void *opaque)
{
    BlockDriverState *bs = opaque;
    char data;
    QEMUIOVector qiov = QEMU_IOVEC_INIT_BUF(qiov, &data, 1);
    int ret;

    /* Queue a read request post-drain */
    ret = bdrv_replace_test_co_preadv(bs, 0, 1, &qiov, 0);
    g_assert(ret >= 0);
    bdrv_dec_in_flight(bs);
}

/**
 * Reduce .drain_count, set .was_undrained once it reaches 0.
 * If .drain_count reaches 0 and the node has a backing file, issue a
 * read request.
 */
static void bdrv_replace_test_drain_end(BlockDriverState *bs)
{
    BDRVReplaceTestState *s = bs->opaque;

    g_assert(s->drain_count > 0);
    if (!--s->drain_count) {
        s->was_undrained = true;

        if (bs->backing) {
            Coroutine *co = qemu_coroutine_create(bdrv_replace_test_read_entry,
                                                  bs);
            bdrv_inc_in_flight(bs);
            aio_co_enter(bdrv_get_aio_context(bs), co);
        }
    }
}

static BlockDriver bdrv_replace_test = {
    .format_name            = "replace_test",
    .instance_size          = sizeof(BDRVReplaceTestState),
    .supports_backing       = true,

    .bdrv_close             = bdrv_replace_test_close,
    .bdrv_co_preadv         = bdrv_replace_test_co_preadv,

    .bdrv_drain_begin       = bdrv_replace_test_drain_begin,
    .bdrv_drain_end         = bdrv_replace_test_drain_end,

    .bdrv_child_perm        = bdrv_default_perms,
};

static void coroutine_fn test_replace_child_mid_drain_read_co(void *opaque)
{
    int ret;
    char data;

    ret = blk_co_pread(opaque, 0, 1, &data, 0);
    g_assert(ret >= 0);
}

/**
 * We test two things:
 * (1) bdrv_replace_child_noperm() must not undrain the parent if both
 *     children are drained.
 * (2) bdrv_replace_child_noperm() must never flush I/O requests to a
 *     drained child.  If the old child is drained, it must flush I/O
 *     requests after the new one has been attached.  If the new child
 *     is drained, it must flush I/O requests before the old one is
 *     detached.
 *
 * To do so, we create one parent node and two child nodes; then
 * attach one of the children (old_child_bs) to the parent, then
 * drain both old_child_bs and new_child_bs according to
 * old_drain_count and new_drain_count, respectively, and finally
 * we invoke bdrv_replace_node() to replace old_child_bs by
 * new_child_bs.
 *
 * The test block driver we use here (bdrv_replace_test) has a read
 * function that:
 * - For the parent node, can optionally yield, and then forwards the
 *   read to bdrv_preadv(),
 * - For the child node, just returns immediately.
 *
 * If the read yields, the drain_begin function will wake it up.
 *
 * The drain_end function issues a read on the parent once it is fully
 * undrained (which simulates requests starting to come in again).
 */
static void do_test_replace_child_mid_drain(int old_drain_count,
                                            int new_drain_count)
{
    BlockBackend *parent_blk;
    BlockDriverState *parent_bs;
    BlockDriverState *old_child_bs, *new_child_bs;
    BDRVReplaceTestState *parent_s;
    BDRVReplaceTestState *old_child_s, *new_child_s;
    Coroutine *io_co;
    int i;

    parent_bs = bdrv_new_open_driver(&bdrv_replace_test, "parent", 0,
                                     &error_abort);
    parent_s = parent_bs->opaque;

    parent_blk = blk_new(qemu_get_aio_context(),
                         BLK_PERM_CONSISTENT_READ, BLK_PERM_ALL);
    blk_insert_bs(parent_blk, parent_bs, &error_abort);

    old_child_bs = bdrv_new_open_driver(&bdrv_replace_test, "old-child", 0,
                                        &error_abort);
    new_child_bs = bdrv_new_open_driver(&bdrv_replace_test, "new-child", 0,
                                        &error_abort);
    old_child_s = old_child_bs->opaque;
    new_child_s = new_child_bs->opaque;

    /* So that we can read something */
    parent_bs->total_sectors = 1;
    old_child_bs->total_sectors = 1;
    new_child_bs->total_sectors = 1;

    bdrv_ref(old_child_bs);
    bdrv_attach_child(parent_bs, old_child_bs, "child", &child_of_bds,
                      BDRV_CHILD_COW, &error_abort);

    for (i = 0; i < old_drain_count; i++) {
        bdrv_drained_begin(old_child_bs);
    }
    for (i = 0; i < new_drain_count; i++) {
        bdrv_drained_begin(new_child_bs);
    }

    if (!old_drain_count) {
        /*
         * Start a read operation that will yield, so it will not
         * complete before the node is drained.
         */
        parent_s->yield_before_read = true;
        io_co = qemu_coroutine_create(test_replace_child_mid_drain_read_co,
                                      parent_blk);
        qemu_coroutine_enter(io_co);
    }

    /* If we have started a read operation, it should have yielded */
    g_assert(!parent_s->has_read);

    /* Reset drained status so we can see what bdrv_replace_node() does */
    parent_s->was_drained = false;
    parent_s->was_undrained = false;

    g_assert(parent_bs->quiesce_counter == old_drain_count);
    bdrv_replace_node(old_child_bs, new_child_bs, &error_abort);
    g_assert(parent_bs->quiesce_counter == new_drain_count);

    if (!old_drain_count && !new_drain_count) {
        /*
         * From undrained to undrained drains and undrains the parent,
         * because bdrv_replace_node() contains a drained section for
         * @old_child_bs.
         */
        g_assert(parent_s->was_drained && parent_s->was_undrained);
    } else if (!old_drain_count && new_drain_count) {
        /*
         * From undrained to drained should drain the parent and keep
         * it that way.
         */
        g_assert(parent_s->was_drained && !parent_s->was_undrained);
    } else if (old_drain_count && !new_drain_count) {
        /*
         * From drained to undrained should undrain the parent and
         * keep it that way.
         */
        g_assert(!parent_s->was_drained && parent_s->was_undrained);
    } else /* if (old_drain_count && new_drain_count) */ {
        /*
         * From drained to drained must not undrain the parent at any
         * point
         */
        g_assert(!parent_s->was_drained && !parent_s->was_undrained);
    }

    if (!old_drain_count || !new_drain_count) {
        /*
         * If !old_drain_count, we have started a read request before
         * bdrv_replace_node().  If !new_drain_count, the parent must
         * have been undrained at some point, and
         * bdrv_replace_test_co_drain_end() starts a read request
         * then.
         */
        g_assert(parent_s->has_read);
    } else {
        /*
         * If the parent was never undrained, there is no way to start
         * a read request.
         */
        g_assert(!parent_s->has_read);
    }

    /* A drained child must have not received any request */
    g_assert(!(old_drain_count && old_child_s->has_read));
    g_assert(!(new_drain_count && new_child_s->has_read));

    for (i = 0; i < new_drain_count; i++) {
        bdrv_drained_end(new_child_bs);
    }
    for (i = 0; i < old_drain_count; i++) {
        bdrv_drained_end(old_child_bs);
    }

    /*
     * By now, bdrv_replace_test_co_drain_end() must have been called
     * at some point while the new child was attached to the parent.
     */
    g_assert(parent_s->has_read);
    g_assert(new_child_s->has_read);

    blk_unref(parent_blk);
    bdrv_unref(parent_bs);
    bdrv_unref(old_child_bs);
    bdrv_unref(new_child_bs);
}

static void test_replace_child_mid_drain(void)
{
    int old_drain_count, new_drain_count;

    for (old_drain_count = 0; old_drain_count < 2; old_drain_count++) {
        for (new_drain_count = 0; new_drain_count < 2; new_drain_count++) {
            do_test_replace_child_mid_drain(old_drain_count, new_drain_count);
        }
    }
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    int ret;

    bdrv_init();
    qemu_init_main_loop(&error_abort);

    g_test_init(&argc, &argv, NULL);
    qemu_event_init(&done_event, false);

    g_test_add_func("/bdrv-drain/driver-cb/drain_all", test_drv_cb_drain_all);
    g_test_add_func("/bdrv-drain/driver-cb/drain", test_drv_cb_drain);

    g_test_add_func("/bdrv-drain/driver-cb/co/drain_all",
                    test_drv_cb_co_drain_all);
    g_test_add_func("/bdrv-drain/driver-cb/co/drain", test_drv_cb_co_drain);

    g_test_add_func("/bdrv-drain/quiesce/drain_all", test_quiesce_drain_all);
    g_test_add_func("/bdrv-drain/quiesce/drain", test_quiesce_drain);

    g_test_add_func("/bdrv-drain/quiesce/co/drain_all",
                    test_quiesce_co_drain_all);
    g_test_add_func("/bdrv-drain/quiesce/co/drain", test_quiesce_co_drain);

    g_test_add_func("/bdrv-drain/nested", test_nested);

    g_test_add_func("/bdrv-drain/graph-change/drain_all",
                    test_graph_change_drain_all);

    g_test_add_func("/bdrv-drain/iothread/drain_all", test_iothread_drain_all);
    g_test_add_func("/bdrv-drain/iothread/drain", test_iothread_drain);

    g_test_add_func("/bdrv-drain/blockjob/drain_all", test_blockjob_drain_all);
    g_test_add_func("/bdrv-drain/blockjob/drain", test_blockjob_drain);

    g_test_add_func("/bdrv-drain/blockjob/error/drain_all",
                    test_blockjob_error_drain_all);
    g_test_add_func("/bdrv-drain/blockjob/error/drain",
                    test_blockjob_error_drain);

    g_test_add_func("/bdrv-drain/blockjob/iothread/drain_all",
                    test_blockjob_iothread_drain_all);
    g_test_add_func("/bdrv-drain/blockjob/iothread/drain",
                    test_blockjob_iothread_drain);

    g_test_add_func("/bdrv-drain/blockjob/iothread/error/drain_all",
                    test_blockjob_iothread_error_drain_all);
    g_test_add_func("/bdrv-drain/blockjob/iothread/error/drain",
                    test_blockjob_iothread_error_drain);

    g_test_add_func("/bdrv-drain/deletion/drain", test_delete_by_drain);
    g_test_add_func("/bdrv-drain/detach/drain_all", test_detach_by_drain_all);
    g_test_add_func("/bdrv-drain/detach/drain", test_detach_by_drain);
    g_test_add_func("/bdrv-drain/detach/parent_cb", test_detach_by_parent_cb);
    g_test_add_func("/bdrv-drain/detach/driver_cb", test_detach_by_driver_cb);

    g_test_add_func("/bdrv-drain/attach/drain", test_append_to_drained);

    g_test_add_func("/bdrv-drain/set_aio_context", test_set_aio_context);

    g_test_add_func("/bdrv-drain/blockjob/commit_by_drained_end",
                    test_blockjob_commit_by_drained_end);

    g_test_add_func("/bdrv-drain/bdrv_drop_intermediate/poll",
                    test_drop_intermediate_poll);

    g_test_add_func("/bdrv-drain/replace_child/mid-drain",
                    test_replace_child_mid_drain);

    ret = g_test_run();
    qemu_event_destroy(&done_event);
    return ret;
}