xref: /qemu/include/block/block_int.h (revision f9e90c798dc84be2b0b988517e86b49faf79d5dc)
1 /*
2  * QEMU System Emulator block driver
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2003 Fabrice Bellard
5  *
6  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8  * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9  * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10  * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
12  *
13  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
15  *
16  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19  * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
22  * THE SOFTWARE.
23  */
24 #ifndef BLOCK_INT_H
25 #define BLOCK_INT_H
26 
27 #include "block/block.h"
28 #include "qemu/option.h"
29 #include "qemu/queue.h"
30 #include "block/coroutine.h"
31 #include "qemu/timer.h"
32 #include "qapi-types.h"
33 #include "qapi/qmp/qerror.h"
34 #include "monitor/monitor.h"
35 
36 #define BLOCK_FLAG_ENCRYPT          1
37 #define BLOCK_FLAG_COMPAT6          4
38 #define BLOCK_FLAG_LAZY_REFCOUNTS   8
39 
40 #define BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_READ     0
41 #define BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_WRITE    1
42 #define BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_TOTAL    2
43 
44 #define BLOCK_IO_SLICE_TIME     100000000
45 #define NANOSECONDS_PER_SECOND  1000000000.0
46 
47 #define BLOCK_OPT_SIZE              "size"
48 #define BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT           "encryption"
49 #define BLOCK_OPT_COMPAT6           "compat6"
50 #define BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE      "backing_file"
51 #define BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FMT       "backing_fmt"
52 #define BLOCK_OPT_CLUSTER_SIZE      "cluster_size"
53 #define BLOCK_OPT_TABLE_SIZE        "table_size"
54 #define BLOCK_OPT_PREALLOC          "preallocation"
55 #define BLOCK_OPT_SUBFMT            "subformat"
56 #define BLOCK_OPT_COMPAT_LEVEL      "compat"
57 #define BLOCK_OPT_LAZY_REFCOUNTS    "lazy_refcounts"
58 
59 typedef struct BdrvTrackedRequest BdrvTrackedRequest;
60 
61 typedef struct BlockIOLimit {
62     int64_t bps[3];
63     int64_t iops[3];
64 } BlockIOLimit;
65 
66 typedef struct BlockIOBaseValue {
67     uint64_t bytes[2];
68     uint64_t ios[2];
69 } BlockIOBaseValue;
70 
71 struct BlockDriver {
72     const char *format_name;
73     int instance_size;
74     int (*bdrv_probe)(const uint8_t *buf, int buf_size, const char *filename);
75     int (*bdrv_probe_device)(const char *filename);
76 
77     /* For handling image reopen for split or non-split files */
78     int (*bdrv_reopen_prepare)(BDRVReopenState *reopen_state,
79                                BlockReopenQueue *queue, Error **errp);
80     void (*bdrv_reopen_commit)(BDRVReopenState *reopen_state);
81     void (*bdrv_reopen_abort)(BDRVReopenState *reopen_state);
82 
83     int (*bdrv_open)(BlockDriverState *bs, int flags);
84     int (*bdrv_file_open)(BlockDriverState *bs, const char *filename, int flags);
85     int (*bdrv_read)(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
86                      uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors);
87     int (*bdrv_write)(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
88                       const uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors);
89     void (*bdrv_close)(BlockDriverState *bs);
90     void (*bdrv_rebind)(BlockDriverState *bs);
91     int (*bdrv_create)(const char *filename, QEMUOptionParameter *options);
92     int (*bdrv_set_key)(BlockDriverState *bs, const char *key);
93     int (*bdrv_make_empty)(BlockDriverState *bs);
94     /* aio */
95     BlockDriverAIOCB *(*bdrv_aio_readv)(BlockDriverState *bs,
96         int64_t sector_num, QEMUIOVector *qiov, int nb_sectors,
97         BlockDriverCompletionFunc *cb, void *opaque);
98     BlockDriverAIOCB *(*bdrv_aio_writev)(BlockDriverState *bs,
99         int64_t sector_num, QEMUIOVector *qiov, int nb_sectors,
100         BlockDriverCompletionFunc *cb, void *opaque);
101     BlockDriverAIOCB *(*bdrv_aio_flush)(BlockDriverState *bs,
102         BlockDriverCompletionFunc *cb, void *opaque);
103     BlockDriverAIOCB *(*bdrv_aio_discard)(BlockDriverState *bs,
104         int64_t sector_num, int nb_sectors,
105         BlockDriverCompletionFunc *cb, void *opaque);
106 
107     int coroutine_fn (*bdrv_co_readv)(BlockDriverState *bs,
108         int64_t sector_num, int nb_sectors, QEMUIOVector *qiov);
109     int coroutine_fn (*bdrv_co_writev)(BlockDriverState *bs,
110         int64_t sector_num, int nb_sectors, QEMUIOVector *qiov);
111     /*
112      * Efficiently zero a region of the disk image.  Typically an image format
113      * would use a compact metadata representation to implement this.  This
114      * function pointer may be NULL and .bdrv_co_writev() will be called
115      * instead.
116      */
117     int coroutine_fn (*bdrv_co_write_zeroes)(BlockDriverState *bs,
118         int64_t sector_num, int nb_sectors);
119     int coroutine_fn (*bdrv_co_discard)(BlockDriverState *bs,
120         int64_t sector_num, int nb_sectors);
121     int coroutine_fn (*bdrv_co_is_allocated)(BlockDriverState *bs,
122         int64_t sector_num, int nb_sectors, int *pnum);
123 
124     /*
125      * Invalidate any cached meta-data.
126      */
127     void (*bdrv_invalidate_cache)(BlockDriverState *bs);
128 
129     /*
130      * Flushes all data that was already written to the OS all the way down to
131      * the disk (for example raw-posix calls fsync()).
132      */
133     int coroutine_fn (*bdrv_co_flush_to_disk)(BlockDriverState *bs);
134 
135     /*
136      * Flushes all internal caches to the OS. The data may still sit in a
137      * writeback cache of the host OS, but it will survive a crash of the qemu
138      * process.
139      */
140     int coroutine_fn (*bdrv_co_flush_to_os)(BlockDriverState *bs);
141 
142     const char *protocol_name;
143     int (*bdrv_truncate)(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t offset);
144     int64_t (*bdrv_getlength)(BlockDriverState *bs);
145     int64_t (*bdrv_get_allocated_file_size)(BlockDriverState *bs);
146     int (*bdrv_write_compressed)(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
147                                  const uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors);
148 
149     int (*bdrv_snapshot_create)(BlockDriverState *bs,
150                                 QEMUSnapshotInfo *sn_info);
151     int (*bdrv_snapshot_goto)(BlockDriverState *bs,
152                               const char *snapshot_id);
153     int (*bdrv_snapshot_delete)(BlockDriverState *bs, const char *snapshot_id);
154     int (*bdrv_snapshot_list)(BlockDriverState *bs,
155                               QEMUSnapshotInfo **psn_info);
156     int (*bdrv_snapshot_load_tmp)(BlockDriverState *bs,
157                                   const char *snapshot_name);
158     int (*bdrv_get_info)(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockDriverInfo *bdi);
159 
160     int (*bdrv_save_vmstate)(BlockDriverState *bs, const uint8_t *buf,
161                              int64_t pos, int size);
162     int (*bdrv_load_vmstate)(BlockDriverState *bs, uint8_t *buf,
163                              int64_t pos, int size);
164 
165     int (*bdrv_change_backing_file)(BlockDriverState *bs,
166         const char *backing_file, const char *backing_fmt);
167 
168     /* removable device specific */
169     int (*bdrv_is_inserted)(BlockDriverState *bs);
170     int (*bdrv_media_changed)(BlockDriverState *bs);
171     void (*bdrv_eject)(BlockDriverState *bs, bool eject_flag);
172     void (*bdrv_lock_medium)(BlockDriverState *bs, bool locked);
173 
174     /* to control generic scsi devices */
175     int (*bdrv_ioctl)(BlockDriverState *bs, unsigned long int req, void *buf);
176     BlockDriverAIOCB *(*bdrv_aio_ioctl)(BlockDriverState *bs,
177         unsigned long int req, void *buf,
178         BlockDriverCompletionFunc *cb, void *opaque);
179 
180     /* List of options for creating images, terminated by name == NULL */
181     QEMUOptionParameter *create_options;
182 
183 
184     /*
185      * Returns 0 for completed check, -errno for internal errors.
186      * The check results are stored in result.
187      */
188     int (*bdrv_check)(BlockDriverState* bs, BdrvCheckResult *result,
189         BdrvCheckMode fix);
190 
191     void (*bdrv_debug_event)(BlockDriverState *bs, BlkDebugEvent event);
192 
193     /* TODO Better pass a option string/QDict/QemuOpts to add any rule? */
194     int (*bdrv_debug_breakpoint)(BlockDriverState *bs, const char *event,
195         const char *tag);
196     int (*bdrv_debug_resume)(BlockDriverState *bs, const char *tag);
197     bool (*bdrv_debug_is_suspended)(BlockDriverState *bs, const char *tag);
198 
199     /*
200      * Returns 1 if newly created images are guaranteed to contain only
201      * zeros, 0 otherwise.
202      */
203     int (*bdrv_has_zero_init)(BlockDriverState *bs);
204 
205     QLIST_ENTRY(BlockDriver) list;
206 };
207 
208 /*
209  * Note: the function bdrv_append() copies and swaps contents of
210  * BlockDriverStates, so if you add new fields to this struct, please
211  * inspect bdrv_append() to determine if the new fields need to be
212  * copied as well.
213  */
214 struct BlockDriverState {
215     int64_t total_sectors; /* if we are reading a disk image, give its
216                               size in sectors */
217     int read_only; /* if true, the media is read only */
218     int open_flags; /* flags used to open the file, re-used for re-open */
219     int encrypted; /* if true, the media is encrypted */
220     int valid_key; /* if true, a valid encryption key has been set */
221     int sg;        /* if true, the device is a /dev/sg* */
222     int copy_on_read; /* if true, copy read backing sectors into image
223                          note this is a reference count */
224 
225     BlockDriver *drv; /* NULL means no media */
226     void *opaque;
227 
228     void *dev;                  /* attached device model, if any */
229     /* TODO change to DeviceState when all users are qdevified */
230     const BlockDevOps *dev_ops;
231     void *dev_opaque;
232 
233     char filename[1024];
234     char backing_file[1024]; /* if non zero, the image is a diff of
235                                 this file image */
236     char backing_format[16]; /* if non-zero and backing_file exists */
237     int is_temporary;
238 
239     BlockDriverState *backing_hd;
240     BlockDriverState *file;
241 
242     NotifierList close_notifiers;
243 
244     /* number of in-flight copy-on-read requests */
245     unsigned int copy_on_read_in_flight;
246 
247     /* the time for latest disk I/O */
248     int64_t slice_time;
249     int64_t slice_start;
250     int64_t slice_end;
251     BlockIOLimit io_limits;
252     BlockIOBaseValue  io_base;
253     CoQueue      throttled_reqs;
254     QEMUTimer    *block_timer;
255     bool         io_limits_enabled;
256 
257     /* I/O stats (display with "info blockstats"). */
258     uint64_t nr_bytes[BDRV_MAX_IOTYPE];
259     uint64_t nr_ops[BDRV_MAX_IOTYPE];
260     uint64_t total_time_ns[BDRV_MAX_IOTYPE];
261     uint64_t wr_highest_sector;
262 
263     /* Whether the disk can expand beyond total_sectors */
264     int growable;
265 
266     /* the memory alignment required for the buffers handled by this driver */
267     int buffer_alignment;
268 
269     /* do we need to tell the quest if we have a volatile write cache? */
270     int enable_write_cache;
271 
272     /* NOTE: the following infos are only hints for real hardware
273        drivers. They are not used by the block driver */
274     BlockdevOnError on_read_error, on_write_error;
275     bool iostatus_enabled;
276     BlockDeviceIoStatus iostatus;
277     char device_name[32];
278     unsigned long *dirty_bitmap;
279     int64_t dirty_count;
280     int in_use; /* users other than guest access, eg. block migration */
281     QTAILQ_ENTRY(BlockDriverState) list;
282 
283     QLIST_HEAD(, BdrvTrackedRequest) tracked_requests;
284 
285     /* long-running background operation */
286     BlockJob *job;
287 
288 };
289 
290 int get_tmp_filename(char *filename, int size);
291 
292 void bdrv_set_io_limits(BlockDriverState *bs,
293                         BlockIOLimit *io_limits);
294 
295 #ifdef _WIN32
296 int is_windows_drive(const char *filename);
297 #endif
298 void bdrv_emit_qmp_error_event(const BlockDriverState *bdrv,
299                                enum MonitorEvent ev,
300                                BlockErrorAction action, bool is_read);
301 
302 /**
303  * stream_start:
304  * @bs: Block device to operate on.
305  * @base: Block device that will become the new base, or %NULL to
306  * flatten the whole backing file chain onto @bs.
307  * @base_id: The file name that will be written to @bs as the new
308  * backing file if the job completes.  Ignored if @base is %NULL.
309  * @speed: The maximum speed, in bytes per second, or 0 for unlimited.
310  * @on_error: The action to take upon error.
311  * @cb: Completion function for the job.
312  * @opaque: Opaque pointer value passed to @cb.
313  * @errp: Error object.
314  *
315  * Start a streaming operation on @bs.  Clusters that are unallocated
316  * in @bs, but allocated in any image between @base and @bs (both
317  * exclusive) will be written to @bs.  At the end of a successful
318  * streaming job, the backing file of @bs will be changed to
319  * @base_id in the written image and to @base in the live BlockDriverState.
320  */
321 void stream_start(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockDriverState *base,
322                   const char *base_id, int64_t speed, BlockdevOnError on_error,
323                   BlockDriverCompletionFunc *cb,
324                   void *opaque, Error **errp);
325 
326 /**
327  * commit_start:
328  * @bs: Top Block device
329  * @base: Block device that will be written into, and become the new top
330  * @speed: The maximum speed, in bytes per second, or 0 for unlimited.
331  * @on_error: The action to take upon error.
332  * @cb: Completion function for the job.
333  * @opaque: Opaque pointer value passed to @cb.
334  * @errp: Error object.
335  *
336  */
337 void commit_start(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockDriverState *base,
338                  BlockDriverState *top, int64_t speed,
339                  BlockdevOnError on_error, BlockDriverCompletionFunc *cb,
340                  void *opaque, Error **errp);
341 
342 /*
343  * mirror_start:
344  * @bs: Block device to operate on.
345  * @target: Block device to write to.
346  * @speed: The maximum speed, in bytes per second, or 0 for unlimited.
347  * @mode: Whether to collapse all images in the chain to the target.
348  * @on_source_error: The action to take upon error reading from the source.
349  * @on_target_error: The action to take upon error writing to the target.
350  * @cb: Completion function for the job.
351  * @opaque: Opaque pointer value passed to @cb.
352  * @errp: Error object.
353  *
354  * Start a mirroring operation on @bs.  Clusters that are allocated
355  * in @bs will be written to @bs until the job is cancelled or
356  * manually completed.  At the end of a successful mirroring job,
357  * @bs will be switched to read from @target.
358  */
359 void mirror_start(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockDriverState *target,
360                   int64_t speed, MirrorSyncMode mode,
361                   BlockdevOnError on_source_error,
362                   BlockdevOnError on_target_error,
363                   BlockDriverCompletionFunc *cb,
364                   void *opaque, Error **errp);
365 
366 #endif /* BLOCK_INT_H */
367