xref: /qemu/hw/riscv/sifive_u.c (revision 05446f4133ea1fe4b444ba80a823fc1df1a9eeaf)
1 /*
2  * QEMU RISC-V Board Compatible with SiFive Freedom U SDK
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2016-2017 Sagar Karandikar, sagark@eecs.berkeley.edu
5  * Copyright (c) 2017 SiFive, Inc.
6  *
7  * Provides a board compatible with the SiFive Freedom U SDK:
8  *
9  * 0) UART
10  * 1) CLINT (Core Level Interruptor)
11  * 2) PLIC (Platform Level Interrupt Controller)
12  *
13  * This board currently uses a hardcoded devicetree that indicates one hart.
14  *
15  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
16  * under the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License,
17  * version 2 or later, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
18  *
19  * This program is distributed in the hope it will be useful, but WITHOUT
20  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
21  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
22  * more details.
23  *
24  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with
25  * this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
26  */
27 
28 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
29 #include "qemu/log.h"
30 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
31 #include "qapi/error.h"
32 #include "hw/hw.h"
33 #include "hw/boards.h"
34 #include "hw/loader.h"
35 #include "hw/sysbus.h"
36 #include "hw/char/serial.h"
37 #include "target/riscv/cpu.h"
38 #include "hw/riscv/riscv_hart.h"
39 #include "hw/riscv/sifive_plic.h"
40 #include "hw/riscv/sifive_clint.h"
41 #include "hw/riscv/sifive_uart.h"
42 #include "hw/riscv/sifive_prci.h"
43 #include "hw/riscv/sifive_u.h"
44 #include "chardev/char.h"
45 #include "sysemu/arch_init.h"
46 #include "sysemu/device_tree.h"
47 #include "exec/address-spaces.h"
48 #include "elf.h"
49 
50 #include <libfdt.h>
51 
52 static const struct MemmapEntry {
53     hwaddr base;
54     hwaddr size;
55 } sifive_u_memmap[] = {
56     [SIFIVE_U_DEBUG] =    {        0x0,      0x100 },
57     [SIFIVE_U_MROM] =     {     0x1000,    0x11000 },
58     [SIFIVE_U_CLINT] =    {  0x2000000,    0x10000 },
59     [SIFIVE_U_PLIC] =     {  0xc000000,  0x4000000 },
60     [SIFIVE_U_UART0] =    { 0x10013000,     0x1000 },
61     [SIFIVE_U_UART1] =    { 0x10023000,     0x1000 },
62     [SIFIVE_U_DRAM] =     { 0x80000000,        0x0 },
63     [SIFIVE_U_GEM] =      { 0x100900FC,     0x2000 },
64 };
65 
66 #define GEM_REVISION        0x10070109
67 
68 static target_ulong load_kernel(const char *kernel_filename)
69 {
70     uint64_t kernel_entry, kernel_high;
71 
72     if (load_elf(kernel_filename, NULL, NULL, NULL,
73                  &kernel_entry, NULL, &kernel_high,
74                  0, EM_RISCV, 1, 0) < 0) {
75         error_report("could not load kernel '%s'", kernel_filename);
76         exit(1);
77     }
78     return kernel_entry;
79 }
80 
81 static void create_fdt(SiFiveUState *s, const struct MemmapEntry *memmap,
82     uint64_t mem_size, const char *cmdline)
83 {
84     void *fdt;
85     int cpu;
86     uint32_t *cells;
87     char *nodename;
88     char ethclk_names[] = "pclk\0hclk\0tx_clk";
89     uint32_t plic_phandle, ethclk_phandle, phandle = 1;
90 
91     fdt = s->fdt = create_device_tree(&s->fdt_size);
92     if (!fdt) {
93         error_report("create_device_tree() failed");
94         exit(1);
95     }
96 
97     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/", "model", "ucbbar,spike-bare,qemu");
98     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/", "compatible", "ucbbar,spike-bare-dev");
99     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/", "#size-cells", 0x2);
100     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/", "#address-cells", 0x2);
101 
102     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, "/soc");
103     qemu_fdt_setprop(fdt, "/soc", "ranges", NULL, 0);
104     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/soc", "compatible", "simple-bus");
105     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/soc", "#size-cells", 0x2);
106     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/soc", "#address-cells", 0x2);
107 
108     nodename = g_strdup_printf("/memory@%lx",
109         (long)memmap[SIFIVE_U_DRAM].base);
110     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, nodename);
111     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, nodename, "reg",
112         memmap[SIFIVE_U_DRAM].base >> 32, memmap[SIFIVE_U_DRAM].base,
113         mem_size >> 32, mem_size);
114     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, nodename, "device_type", "memory");
115     g_free(nodename);
116 
117     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, "/cpus");
118     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/cpus", "timebase-frequency",
119         SIFIVE_CLINT_TIMEBASE_FREQ);
120     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/cpus", "#size-cells", 0x0);
121     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/cpus", "#address-cells", 0x1);
122 
123     for (cpu = s->soc.cpus.num_harts - 1; cpu >= 0; cpu--) {
124         int cpu_phandle = phandle++;
125         nodename = g_strdup_printf("/cpus/cpu@%d", cpu);
126         char *intc = g_strdup_printf("/cpus/cpu@%d/interrupt-controller", cpu);
127         char *isa = riscv_isa_string(&s->soc.cpus.harts[cpu]);
128         qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, nodename);
129         qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, nodename, "clock-frequency",
130                               SIFIVE_U_CLOCK_FREQ);
131         qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, nodename, "mmu-type", "riscv,sv48");
132         qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, nodename, "riscv,isa", isa);
133         qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, nodename, "compatible", "riscv");
134         qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, nodename, "status", "okay");
135         qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, nodename, "reg", cpu);
136         qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, nodename, "device_type", "cpu");
137         qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, intc);
138         qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, intc, "phandle", cpu_phandle);
139         qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, intc, "linux,phandle", cpu_phandle);
140         qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, intc, "compatible", "riscv,cpu-intc");
141         qemu_fdt_setprop(fdt, intc, "interrupt-controller", NULL, 0);
142         qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, intc, "#interrupt-cells", 1);
143         g_free(isa);
144         g_free(intc);
145         g_free(nodename);
146     }
147 
148     cells =  g_new0(uint32_t, s->soc.cpus.num_harts * 4);
149     for (cpu = 0; cpu < s->soc.cpus.num_harts; cpu++) {
150         nodename =
151             g_strdup_printf("/cpus/cpu@%d/interrupt-controller", cpu);
152         uint32_t intc_phandle = qemu_fdt_get_phandle(fdt, nodename);
153         cells[cpu * 4 + 0] = cpu_to_be32(intc_phandle);
154         cells[cpu * 4 + 1] = cpu_to_be32(IRQ_M_SOFT);
155         cells[cpu * 4 + 2] = cpu_to_be32(intc_phandle);
156         cells[cpu * 4 + 3] = cpu_to_be32(IRQ_M_TIMER);
157         g_free(nodename);
158     }
159     nodename = g_strdup_printf("/soc/clint@%lx",
160         (long)memmap[SIFIVE_U_CLINT].base);
161     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, nodename);
162     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, nodename, "compatible", "riscv,clint0");
163     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, nodename, "reg",
164         0x0, memmap[SIFIVE_U_CLINT].base,
165         0x0, memmap[SIFIVE_U_CLINT].size);
166     qemu_fdt_setprop(fdt, nodename, "interrupts-extended",
167         cells, s->soc.cpus.num_harts * sizeof(uint32_t) * 4);
168     g_free(cells);
169     g_free(nodename);
170 
171     plic_phandle = phandle++;
172     cells =  g_new0(uint32_t, s->soc.cpus.num_harts * 4);
173     for (cpu = 0; cpu < s->soc.cpus.num_harts; cpu++) {
174         nodename =
175             g_strdup_printf("/cpus/cpu@%d/interrupt-controller", cpu);
176         uint32_t intc_phandle = qemu_fdt_get_phandle(fdt, nodename);
177         cells[cpu * 4 + 0] = cpu_to_be32(intc_phandle);
178         cells[cpu * 4 + 1] = cpu_to_be32(IRQ_M_EXT);
179         cells[cpu * 4 + 2] = cpu_to_be32(intc_phandle);
180         cells[cpu * 4 + 3] = cpu_to_be32(IRQ_S_EXT);
181         g_free(nodename);
182     }
183     nodename = g_strdup_printf("/soc/interrupt-controller@%lx",
184         (long)memmap[SIFIVE_U_PLIC].base);
185     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, nodename);
186     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, nodename, "#interrupt-cells", 1);
187     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, nodename, "compatible", "riscv,plic0");
188     qemu_fdt_setprop(fdt, nodename, "interrupt-controller", NULL, 0);
189     qemu_fdt_setprop(fdt, nodename, "interrupts-extended",
190         cells, s->soc.cpus.num_harts * sizeof(uint32_t) * 4);
191     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, nodename, "reg",
192         0x0, memmap[SIFIVE_U_PLIC].base,
193         0x0, memmap[SIFIVE_U_PLIC].size);
194     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, nodename, "reg-names", "control");
195     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, nodename, "riscv,max-priority", 7);
196     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, nodename, "riscv,ndev", 0x35);
197     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, nodename, "phandle", plic_phandle);
198     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, nodename, "linux,phandle", plic_phandle);
199     plic_phandle = qemu_fdt_get_phandle(fdt, nodename);
200     g_free(cells);
201     g_free(nodename);
202 
203     ethclk_phandle = phandle++;
204     nodename = g_strdup_printf("/soc/ethclk");
205     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, nodename);
206     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, nodename, "compatible", "fixed-clock");
207     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, nodename, "#clock-cells", 0x0);
208     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, nodename, "clock-frequency",
209         SIFIVE_U_GEM_CLOCK_FREQ);
210     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, nodename, "phandle", ethclk_phandle);
211     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, nodename, "linux,phandle", ethclk_phandle);
212     ethclk_phandle = qemu_fdt_get_phandle(fdt, nodename);
213     g_free(nodename);
214 
215     nodename = g_strdup_printf("/soc/ethernet@%lx",
216         (long)memmap[SIFIVE_U_GEM].base);
217     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, nodename);
218     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, nodename, "compatible", "cdns,macb");
219     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, nodename, "reg",
220         0x0, memmap[SIFIVE_U_GEM].base,
221         0x0, memmap[SIFIVE_U_GEM].size);
222     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, nodename, "reg-names", "control");
223     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, nodename, "phy-mode", "gmii");
224     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, nodename, "interrupt-parent", plic_phandle);
225     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, nodename, "interrupts", SIFIVE_U_GEM_IRQ);
226     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, nodename, "clocks",
227         ethclk_phandle, ethclk_phandle, ethclk_phandle);
228     qemu_fdt_setprop(fdt, nodename, "clocks-names", ethclk_names,
229         sizeof(ethclk_names));
230     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, nodename, "#address-cells", 1);
231     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, nodename, "#size-cells", 0);
232     g_free(nodename);
233 
234     nodename = g_strdup_printf("/soc/ethernet@%lx/ethernet-phy@0",
235         (long)memmap[SIFIVE_U_GEM].base);
236     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, nodename);
237     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, nodename, "reg", 0x0);
238     g_free(nodename);
239 
240     nodename = g_strdup_printf("/soc/uart@%lx",
241         (long)memmap[SIFIVE_U_UART0].base);
242     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, nodename);
243     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, nodename, "compatible", "sifive,uart0");
244     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, nodename, "reg",
245         0x0, memmap[SIFIVE_U_UART0].base,
246         0x0, memmap[SIFIVE_U_UART0].size);
247     qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, nodename, "clock-frequency",
248                           SIFIVE_U_CLOCK_FREQ / 2);
249     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, nodename, "interrupt-parent", plic_phandle);
250     qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, nodename, "interrupts", SIFIVE_U_UART0_IRQ);
251 
252     qemu_fdt_add_subnode(fdt, "/chosen");
253     qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/chosen", "stdout-path", nodename);
254     if (cmdline) {
255         qemu_fdt_setprop_string(fdt, "/chosen", "bootargs", cmdline);
256     }
257     g_free(nodename);
258 }
259 
260 static void riscv_sifive_u_init(MachineState *machine)
261 {
262     const struct MemmapEntry *memmap = sifive_u_memmap;
263 
264     SiFiveUState *s = g_new0(SiFiveUState, 1);
265     MemoryRegion *system_memory = get_system_memory();
266     MemoryRegion *main_mem = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
267     int i;
268 
269     /* Initialize SoC */
270     object_initialize_child(OBJECT(machine), "soc", &s->soc,
271                             sizeof(s->soc), TYPE_RISCV_U_SOC,
272                             &error_abort, NULL);
273     object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(&s->soc), true, "realized",
274                             &error_abort);
275 
276     /* register RAM */
277     memory_region_init_ram(main_mem, NULL, "riscv.sifive.u.ram",
278                            machine->ram_size, &error_fatal);
279     memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, memmap[SIFIVE_U_DRAM].base,
280                                 main_mem);
281 
282     /* create device tree */
283     create_fdt(s, memmap, machine->ram_size, machine->kernel_cmdline);
284 
285     if (machine->kernel_filename) {
286         load_kernel(machine->kernel_filename);
287     }
288 
289     /* reset vector */
290     uint32_t reset_vec[8] = {
291         0x00000297,                    /* 1:  auipc  t0, %pcrel_hi(dtb) */
292         0x02028593,                    /*     addi   a1, t0, %pcrel_lo(1b) */
293         0xf1402573,                    /*     csrr   a0, mhartid  */
294 #if defined(TARGET_RISCV32)
295         0x0182a283,                    /*     lw     t0, 24(t0) */
296 #elif defined(TARGET_RISCV64)
297         0x0182b283,                    /*     ld     t0, 24(t0) */
298 #endif
299         0x00028067,                    /*     jr     t0 */
300         0x00000000,
301         memmap[SIFIVE_U_DRAM].base, /* start: .dword DRAM_BASE */
302         0x00000000,
303                                        /* dtb: */
304     };
305 
306     /* copy in the reset vector in little_endian byte order */
307     for (i = 0; i < sizeof(reset_vec) >> 2; i++) {
308         reset_vec[i] = cpu_to_le32(reset_vec[i]);
309     }
310     rom_add_blob_fixed_as("mrom.reset", reset_vec, sizeof(reset_vec),
311                           memmap[SIFIVE_U_MROM].base, &address_space_memory);
312 
313     /* copy in the device tree */
314     if (fdt_pack(s->fdt) || fdt_totalsize(s->fdt) >
315             memmap[SIFIVE_U_MROM].size - sizeof(reset_vec)) {
316         error_report("not enough space to store device-tree");
317         exit(1);
318     }
319     qemu_fdt_dumpdtb(s->fdt, fdt_totalsize(s->fdt));
320     rom_add_blob_fixed_as("mrom.fdt", s->fdt, fdt_totalsize(s->fdt),
321                           memmap[SIFIVE_U_MROM].base + sizeof(reset_vec),
322                           &address_space_memory);
323 }
324 
325 static void riscv_sifive_u_soc_init(Object *obj)
326 {
327     SiFiveUSoCState *s = RISCV_U_SOC(obj);
328 
329     object_initialize_child(obj, "cpus", &s->cpus, sizeof(s->cpus),
330                             TYPE_RISCV_HART_ARRAY, &error_abort, NULL);
331     object_property_set_str(OBJECT(&s->cpus), SIFIVE_U_CPU, "cpu-type",
332                             &error_abort);
333     object_property_set_int(OBJECT(&s->cpus), smp_cpus, "num-harts",
334                             &error_abort);
335 
336     sysbus_init_child_obj(obj, "gem", &s->gem, sizeof(s->gem),
337                           TYPE_CADENCE_GEM);
338 }
339 
340 static void riscv_sifive_u_soc_realize(DeviceState *dev, Error **errp)
341 {
342     SiFiveUSoCState *s = RISCV_U_SOC(dev);
343     const struct MemmapEntry *memmap = sifive_u_memmap;
344     MemoryRegion *system_memory = get_system_memory();
345     MemoryRegion *mask_rom = g_new(MemoryRegion, 1);
346     qemu_irq plic_gpios[SIFIVE_U_PLIC_NUM_SOURCES];
347     char *plic_hart_config;
348     size_t plic_hart_config_len;
349     int i;
350     Error *err = NULL;
351     NICInfo *nd = &nd_table[0];
352 
353     object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(&s->cpus), true, "realized",
354                              &error_abort);
355 
356     /* boot rom */
357     memory_region_init_rom(mask_rom, NULL, "riscv.sifive.u.mrom",
358                            memmap[SIFIVE_U_MROM].size, &error_fatal);
359     memory_region_add_subregion(system_memory, memmap[SIFIVE_U_MROM].base,
360                                 mask_rom);
361 
362     /* create PLIC hart topology configuration string */
363     plic_hart_config_len = (strlen(SIFIVE_U_PLIC_HART_CONFIG) + 1) * smp_cpus;
364     plic_hart_config = g_malloc0(plic_hart_config_len);
365     for (i = 0; i < smp_cpus; i++) {
366         if (i != 0) {
367             strncat(plic_hart_config, ",", plic_hart_config_len);
368         }
369         strncat(plic_hart_config, SIFIVE_U_PLIC_HART_CONFIG,
370                 plic_hart_config_len);
371         plic_hart_config_len -= (strlen(SIFIVE_U_PLIC_HART_CONFIG) + 1);
372     }
373 
374     /* MMIO */
375     s->plic = sifive_plic_create(memmap[SIFIVE_U_PLIC].base,
376         plic_hart_config,
377         SIFIVE_U_PLIC_NUM_SOURCES,
378         SIFIVE_U_PLIC_NUM_PRIORITIES,
379         SIFIVE_U_PLIC_PRIORITY_BASE,
380         SIFIVE_U_PLIC_PENDING_BASE,
381         SIFIVE_U_PLIC_ENABLE_BASE,
382         SIFIVE_U_PLIC_ENABLE_STRIDE,
383         SIFIVE_U_PLIC_CONTEXT_BASE,
384         SIFIVE_U_PLIC_CONTEXT_STRIDE,
385         memmap[SIFIVE_U_PLIC].size);
386     sifive_uart_create(system_memory, memmap[SIFIVE_U_UART0].base,
387         serial_hd(0), qdev_get_gpio_in(DEVICE(s->plic), SIFIVE_U_UART0_IRQ));
388     sifive_uart_create(system_memory, memmap[SIFIVE_U_UART1].base,
389         serial_hd(1), qdev_get_gpio_in(DEVICE(s->plic), SIFIVE_U_UART1_IRQ));
390     sifive_clint_create(memmap[SIFIVE_U_CLINT].base,
391         memmap[SIFIVE_U_CLINT].size, smp_cpus,
392         SIFIVE_SIP_BASE, SIFIVE_TIMECMP_BASE, SIFIVE_TIME_BASE);
393 
394     for (i = 0; i < SIFIVE_U_PLIC_NUM_SOURCES; i++) {
395         plic_gpios[i] = qdev_get_gpio_in(DEVICE(s->plic), i);
396     }
397 
398     if (nd->used) {
399         qemu_check_nic_model(nd, TYPE_CADENCE_GEM);
400         qdev_set_nic_properties(DEVICE(&s->gem), nd);
401     }
402     object_property_set_int(OBJECT(&s->gem), GEM_REVISION, "revision",
403                             &error_abort);
404     object_property_set_bool(OBJECT(&s->gem), true, "realized", &err);
405     if (err) {
406         error_propagate(errp, err);
407         return;
408     }
409     sysbus_mmio_map(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(&s->gem), 0, memmap[SIFIVE_U_GEM].base);
410     sysbus_connect_irq(SYS_BUS_DEVICE(&s->gem), 0,
411                        plic_gpios[SIFIVE_U_GEM_IRQ]);
412 }
413 
414 static void riscv_sifive_u_machine_init(MachineClass *mc)
415 {
416     mc->desc = "RISC-V Board compatible with SiFive U SDK";
417     mc->init = riscv_sifive_u_init;
418     /* The real hardware has 5 CPUs, but one of them is a small embedded power
419      * management CPU.
420      */
421     mc->max_cpus = 4;
422 }
423 
424 DEFINE_MACHINE("sifive_u", riscv_sifive_u_machine_init)
425 
426 static void riscv_sifive_u_soc_class_init(ObjectClass *oc, void *data)
427 {
428     DeviceClass *dc = DEVICE_CLASS(oc);
429 
430     dc->realize = riscv_sifive_u_soc_realize;
431     /* Reason: Uses serial_hds in realize function, thus can't be used twice */
432     dc->user_creatable = false;
433 }
434 
435 static const TypeInfo riscv_sifive_u_soc_type_info = {
436     .name = TYPE_RISCV_U_SOC,
437     .parent = TYPE_DEVICE,
438     .instance_size = sizeof(SiFiveUSoCState),
439     .instance_init = riscv_sifive_u_soc_init,
440     .class_init = riscv_sifive_u_soc_class_init,
441 };
442 
443 static void riscv_sifive_u_soc_register_types(void)
444 {
445     type_register_static(&riscv_sifive_u_soc_type_info);
446 }
447 
448 type_init(riscv_sifive_u_soc_register_types)
449