xref: /qemu/hw/acpi/ghes.c (revision 513823e7521a09ed7ad1e32e6454bac3b2cbf52d)
1 /*
2  * Support for generating APEI tables and recording CPER for Guests
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2020 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
5  *
6  * Author: Dongjiu Geng <gengdongjiu@huawei.com>
7  *
8  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
9  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
10  * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
11  * (at your option) any later version.
12 
13  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
14  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
16  * GNU General Public License for more details.
17 
18  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
19  * with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
20  */
21 
22 #include "qemu/osdep.h"
23 #include "qemu/units.h"
24 #include "hw/acpi/ghes.h"
25 #include "hw/acpi/aml-build.h"
26 #include "qemu/error-report.h"
27 #include "hw/acpi/generic_event_device.h"
28 #include "hw/nvram/fw_cfg.h"
29 #include "qemu/uuid.h"
30 
31 #define ACPI_HW_ERROR_FW_CFG_FILE           "etc/hardware_errors"
32 #define ACPI_HW_ERROR_ADDR_FW_CFG_FILE      "etc/hardware_errors_addr"
33 
34 /* The max size in bytes for one error block */
35 #define ACPI_GHES_MAX_RAW_DATA_LENGTH   (1 * KiB)
36 
37 /* Generic Hardware Error Source version 2 */
38 #define ACPI_GHES_SOURCE_GENERIC_ERROR_V2   10
39 
40 /* Address offset in Generic Address Structure(GAS) */
41 #define GAS_ADDR_OFFSET 4
42 
43 /*
44  * The total size of Generic Error Data Entry
45  * ACPI 6.1/6.2: 18.3.2.7.1 Generic Error Data,
46  * Table 18-343 Generic Error Data Entry
47  */
48 #define ACPI_GHES_DATA_LENGTH               72
49 
50 /* The memory section CPER size, UEFI 2.6: N.2.5 Memory Error Section */
51 #define ACPI_GHES_MEM_CPER_LENGTH           80
52 
53 /* Masks for block_status flags */
54 #define ACPI_GEBS_UNCORRECTABLE         1
55 
56 /*
57  * Total size for Generic Error Status Block except Generic Error Data Entries
58  * ACPI 6.2: 18.3.2.7.1 Generic Error Data,
59  * Table 18-380 Generic Error Status Block
60  */
61 #define ACPI_GHES_GESB_SIZE                 20
62 
63 /*
64  * Values for error_severity field
65  */
66 enum AcpiGenericErrorSeverity {
67     ACPI_CPER_SEV_RECOVERABLE = 0,
68     ACPI_CPER_SEV_FATAL = 1,
69     ACPI_CPER_SEV_CORRECTED = 2,
70     ACPI_CPER_SEV_NONE = 3,
71 };
72 
73 /*
74  * Hardware Error Notification
75  * ACPI 4.0: 17.3.2.7 Hardware Error Notification
76  * Composes dummy Hardware Error Notification descriptor of specified type
77  */
78 static void build_ghes_hw_error_notification(GArray *table, const uint8_t type)
79 {
80     /* Type */
81     build_append_int_noprefix(table, type, 1);
82     /*
83      * Length:
84      * Total length of the structure in bytes
85      */
86     build_append_int_noprefix(table, 28, 1);
87     /* Configuration Write Enable */
88     build_append_int_noprefix(table, 0, 2);
89     /* Poll Interval */
90     build_append_int_noprefix(table, 0, 4);
91     /* Vector */
92     build_append_int_noprefix(table, 0, 4);
93     /* Switch To Polling Threshold Value */
94     build_append_int_noprefix(table, 0, 4);
95     /* Switch To Polling Threshold Window */
96     build_append_int_noprefix(table, 0, 4);
97     /* Error Threshold Value */
98     build_append_int_noprefix(table, 0, 4);
99     /* Error Threshold Window */
100     build_append_int_noprefix(table, 0, 4);
101 }
102 
103 /*
104  * Generic Error Data Entry
105  * ACPI 6.1: 18.3.2.7.1 Generic Error Data
106  */
107 static void acpi_ghes_generic_error_data(GArray *table,
108                 const uint8_t *section_type, uint32_t error_severity,
109                 uint8_t validation_bits, uint8_t flags,
110                 uint32_t error_data_length, QemuUUID fru_id,
111                 uint64_t time_stamp)
112 {
113     const uint8_t fru_text[20] = {0};
114 
115     /* Section Type */
116     g_array_append_vals(table, section_type, 16);
117 
118     /* Error Severity */
119     build_append_int_noprefix(table, error_severity, 4);
120     /* Revision */
121     build_append_int_noprefix(table, 0x300, 2);
122     /* Validation Bits */
123     build_append_int_noprefix(table, validation_bits, 1);
124     /* Flags */
125     build_append_int_noprefix(table, flags, 1);
126     /* Error Data Length */
127     build_append_int_noprefix(table, error_data_length, 4);
128 
129     /* FRU Id */
130     g_array_append_vals(table, fru_id.data, ARRAY_SIZE(fru_id.data));
131 
132     /* FRU Text */
133     g_array_append_vals(table, fru_text, sizeof(fru_text));
134 
135     /* Timestamp */
136     build_append_int_noprefix(table, time_stamp, 8);
137 }
138 
139 /*
140  * Generic Error Status Block
141  * ACPI 6.1: 18.3.2.7.1 Generic Error Data
142  */
143 static void acpi_ghes_generic_error_status(GArray *table, uint32_t block_status,
144                 uint32_t raw_data_offset, uint32_t raw_data_length,
145                 uint32_t data_length, uint32_t error_severity)
146 {
147     /* Block Status */
148     build_append_int_noprefix(table, block_status, 4);
149     /* Raw Data Offset */
150     build_append_int_noprefix(table, raw_data_offset, 4);
151     /* Raw Data Length */
152     build_append_int_noprefix(table, raw_data_length, 4);
153     /* Data Length */
154     build_append_int_noprefix(table, data_length, 4);
155     /* Error Severity */
156     build_append_int_noprefix(table, error_severity, 4);
157 }
158 
159 /* UEFI 2.6: N.2.5 Memory Error Section */
160 static void acpi_ghes_build_append_mem_cper(GArray *table,
161                                             uint64_t error_physical_addr)
162 {
163     /*
164      * Memory Error Record
165      */
166 
167     /* Validation Bits */
168     build_append_int_noprefix(table,
169                               (1ULL << 14) | /* Type Valid */
170                               (1ULL << 1) /* Physical Address Valid */,
171                               8);
172     /* Error Status */
173     build_append_int_noprefix(table, 0, 8);
174     /* Physical Address */
175     build_append_int_noprefix(table, error_physical_addr, 8);
176     /* Skip all the detailed information normally found in such a record */
177     build_append_int_noprefix(table, 0, 48);
178     /* Memory Error Type */
179     build_append_int_noprefix(table, 0 /* Unknown error */, 1);
180     /* Skip all the detailed information normally found in such a record */
181     build_append_int_noprefix(table, 0, 7);
182 }
183 
184 static void
185 ghes_gen_err_data_uncorrectable_recoverable(GArray *block,
186                                             const uint8_t *section_type,
187                                             int data_length)
188 {
189     /* invalid fru id: ACPI 4.0: 17.3.2.6.1 Generic Error Data,
190      * Table 17-13 Generic Error Data Entry
191      */
192     QemuUUID fru_id = {};
193 
194     /* Build the new generic error status block header */
195     acpi_ghes_generic_error_status(block, ACPI_GEBS_UNCORRECTABLE,
196         0, 0, data_length, ACPI_CPER_SEV_RECOVERABLE);
197 
198     /* Build this new generic error data entry header */
199     acpi_ghes_generic_error_data(block, section_type,
200         ACPI_CPER_SEV_RECOVERABLE, 0, 0,
201         ACPI_GHES_MEM_CPER_LENGTH, fru_id, 0);
202 }
203 
204 /*
205  * Build table for the hardware error fw_cfg blob.
206  * Initialize "etc/hardware_errors" and "etc/hardware_errors_addr" fw_cfg blobs.
207  * See docs/specs/acpi_hest_ghes.rst for blobs format.
208  */
209 static void build_ghes_error_table(GArray *hardware_errors, BIOSLinker *linker)
210 {
211     int i, error_status_block_offset;
212 
213     /* Build error_block_address */
214     for (i = 0; i < ACPI_GHES_ERROR_SOURCE_COUNT; i++) {
215         build_append_int_noprefix(hardware_errors, 0, sizeof(uint64_t));
216     }
217 
218     /* Build read_ack_register */
219     for (i = 0; i < ACPI_GHES_ERROR_SOURCE_COUNT; i++) {
220         /*
221          * Initialize the value of read_ack_register to 1, so GHES can be
222          * writable after (re)boot.
223          * ACPI 6.2: 18.3.2.8 Generic Hardware Error Source version 2
224          * (GHESv2 - Type 10)
225          */
226         build_append_int_noprefix(hardware_errors, 1, sizeof(uint64_t));
227     }
228 
229     /* Generic Error Status Block offset in the hardware error fw_cfg blob */
230     error_status_block_offset = hardware_errors->len;
231 
232     /* Reserve space for Error Status Data Block */
233     acpi_data_push(hardware_errors,
234         ACPI_GHES_MAX_RAW_DATA_LENGTH * ACPI_GHES_ERROR_SOURCE_COUNT);
235 
236     /* Tell guest firmware to place hardware_errors blob into RAM */
237     bios_linker_loader_alloc(linker, ACPI_HW_ERROR_FW_CFG_FILE,
238                              hardware_errors, sizeof(uint64_t), false);
239 
240     for (i = 0; i < ACPI_GHES_ERROR_SOURCE_COUNT; i++) {
241         /*
242          * Tell firmware to patch error_block_address entries to point to
243          * corresponding "Generic Error Status Block"
244          */
245         bios_linker_loader_add_pointer(linker,
246                                        ACPI_HW_ERROR_FW_CFG_FILE,
247                                        sizeof(uint64_t) * i,
248                                        sizeof(uint64_t),
249                                        ACPI_HW_ERROR_FW_CFG_FILE,
250                                        error_status_block_offset +
251                                        i * ACPI_GHES_MAX_RAW_DATA_LENGTH);
252     }
253 
254     /*
255      * tell firmware to write hardware_errors GPA into
256      * hardware_errors_addr fw_cfg, once the former has been initialized.
257      */
258     bios_linker_loader_write_pointer(linker, ACPI_HW_ERROR_ADDR_FW_CFG_FILE, 0,
259                                      sizeof(uint64_t),
260                                      ACPI_HW_ERROR_FW_CFG_FILE, 0);
261 }
262 
263 /* Build Generic Hardware Error Source version 2 (GHESv2) */
264 static void build_ghes_v2(GArray *table_data,
265                           BIOSLinker *linker,
266                           enum AcpiGhesNotifyType notify,
267                           uint16_t source_id)
268 {
269     uint64_t address_offset;
270 
271     /*
272      * Type:
273      * Generic Hardware Error Source version 2(GHESv2 - Type 10)
274      */
275     build_append_int_noprefix(table_data, ACPI_GHES_SOURCE_GENERIC_ERROR_V2, 2);
276     /* Source Id */
277     build_append_int_noprefix(table_data, source_id, 2);
278     /* Related Source Id */
279     build_append_int_noprefix(table_data, 0xffff, 2);
280     /* Flags */
281     build_append_int_noprefix(table_data, 0, 1);
282     /* Enabled */
283     build_append_int_noprefix(table_data, 1, 1);
284 
285     /* Number of Records To Pre-allocate */
286     build_append_int_noprefix(table_data, 1, 4);
287     /* Max Sections Per Record */
288     build_append_int_noprefix(table_data, 1, 4);
289     /* Max Raw Data Length */
290     build_append_int_noprefix(table_data, ACPI_GHES_MAX_RAW_DATA_LENGTH, 4);
291 
292     address_offset = table_data->len;
293     /* Error Status Address */
294     build_append_gas(table_data, AML_AS_SYSTEM_MEMORY, 0x40, 0,
295                      4 /* QWord access */, 0);
296     bios_linker_loader_add_pointer(linker, ACPI_BUILD_TABLE_FILE,
297                                    address_offset + GAS_ADDR_OFFSET,
298                                    sizeof(uint64_t),
299                                    ACPI_HW_ERROR_FW_CFG_FILE,
300                                    source_id * sizeof(uint64_t));
301 
302     /* Notification Structure */
303     build_ghes_hw_error_notification(table_data, notify);
304 
305     /* Error Status Block Length */
306     build_append_int_noprefix(table_data, ACPI_GHES_MAX_RAW_DATA_LENGTH, 4);
307 
308     /*
309      * Read Ack Register
310      * ACPI 6.1: 18.3.2.8 Generic Hardware Error Source
311      * version 2 (GHESv2 - Type 10)
312      */
313     address_offset = table_data->len;
314     build_append_gas(table_data, AML_AS_SYSTEM_MEMORY, 0x40, 0,
315                      4 /* QWord access */, 0);
316     bios_linker_loader_add_pointer(linker, ACPI_BUILD_TABLE_FILE,
317                                    address_offset + GAS_ADDR_OFFSET,
318                                    sizeof(uint64_t),
319                                    ACPI_HW_ERROR_FW_CFG_FILE,
320                                    (ACPI_GHES_ERROR_SOURCE_COUNT + source_id)
321                                    * sizeof(uint64_t));
322 
323     /*
324      * Read Ack Preserve field
325      * We only provide the first bit in Read Ack Register to OSPM to write
326      * while the other bits are preserved.
327      */
328     build_append_int_noprefix(table_data, ~0x1ULL, 8);
329     /* Read Ack Write */
330     build_append_int_noprefix(table_data, 0x1, 8);
331 }
332 
333 /* Build Hardware Error Source Table */
334 void acpi_build_hest(GArray *table_data, GArray *hardware_errors,
335                      BIOSLinker *linker,
336                      const char *oem_id, const char *oem_table_id)
337 {
338     AcpiTable table = { .sig = "HEST", .rev = 1,
339                         .oem_id = oem_id, .oem_table_id = oem_table_id };
340 
341     build_ghes_error_table(hardware_errors, linker);
342 
343     acpi_table_begin(&table, table_data);
344 
345     /* Error Source Count */
346     build_append_int_noprefix(table_data, ACPI_GHES_ERROR_SOURCE_COUNT, 4);
347     build_ghes_v2(table_data, linker,
348                   ACPI_GHES_NOTIFY_SEA, ACPI_HEST_SRC_ID_SEA);
349 
350     acpi_table_end(linker, &table);
351 }
352 
353 void acpi_ghes_add_fw_cfg(AcpiGhesState *ags, FWCfgState *s,
354                           GArray *hardware_error)
355 {
356     /* Create a read-only fw_cfg file for GHES */
357     fw_cfg_add_file(s, ACPI_HW_ERROR_FW_CFG_FILE, hardware_error->data,
358                     hardware_error->len);
359 
360     /* Create a read-write fw_cfg file for Address */
361     fw_cfg_add_file_callback(s, ACPI_HW_ERROR_ADDR_FW_CFG_FILE, NULL, NULL,
362         NULL, &(ags->hw_error_le), sizeof(ags->hw_error_le), false);
363 
364     ags->present = true;
365 }
366 
367 static void get_hw_error_offsets(uint64_t ghes_addr,
368                                  uint64_t *cper_addr,
369                                  uint64_t *read_ack_register_addr)
370 {
371     if (!ghes_addr) {
372         return;
373     }
374 
375     /*
376      * non-HEST version supports only one source, so no need to change
377      * the start offset based on the source ID. Also, we can't validate
378      * the source ID, as it is stored inside the HEST table.
379      */
380 
381     cpu_physical_memory_read(ghes_addr, cper_addr,
382                              sizeof(*cper_addr));
383 
384     *cper_addr = le64_to_cpu(*cper_addr);
385 
386     /*
387      * As the current version supports only one source, the ack offset is
388      * just sizeof(uint64_t).
389      */
390     *read_ack_register_addr = ghes_addr + sizeof(uint64_t);
391 }
392 
393 void ghes_record_cper_errors(const void *cper, size_t len,
394                              uint16_t source_id, Error **errp)
395 {
396     uint64_t cper_addr = 0, read_ack_register_addr = 0, read_ack_register;
397     AcpiGedState *acpi_ged_state;
398     AcpiGhesState *ags;
399 
400     if (len > ACPI_GHES_MAX_RAW_DATA_LENGTH) {
401         error_setg(errp, "GHES CPER record is too big: %zd", len);
402         return;
403     }
404 
405     acpi_ged_state = ACPI_GED(object_resolve_path_type("", TYPE_ACPI_GED,
406                                                        NULL));
407     if (!acpi_ged_state) {
408         error_setg(errp, "Can't find ACPI_GED object");
409         return;
410     }
411     ags = &acpi_ged_state->ghes_state;
412 
413     assert(ACPI_GHES_ERROR_SOURCE_COUNT == 1);
414     get_hw_error_offsets(le64_to_cpu(ags->hw_error_le),
415                          &cper_addr, &read_ack_register_addr);
416 
417     if (!cper_addr) {
418         error_setg(errp, "can not find Generic Error Status Block");
419         return;
420     }
421 
422     cpu_physical_memory_read(read_ack_register_addr,
423                              &read_ack_register, sizeof(read_ack_register));
424 
425     /* zero means OSPM does not acknowledge the error */
426     if (!read_ack_register) {
427         error_setg(errp,
428                    "OSPM does not acknowledge previous error,"
429                    " so can not record CPER for current error anymore");
430         return;
431     }
432 
433     read_ack_register = cpu_to_le64(0);
434     /*
435      * Clear the Read Ack Register, OSPM will write 1 to this register when
436      * it acknowledges the error.
437      */
438     cpu_physical_memory_write(read_ack_register_addr,
439                               &read_ack_register, sizeof(uint64_t));
440 
441     /* Write the generic error data entry into guest memory */
442     cpu_physical_memory_write(cper_addr, cper, len);
443 
444     return;
445 }
446 
447 int acpi_ghes_memory_errors(uint16_t source_id, uint64_t physical_address)
448 {
449     /* Memory Error Section Type */
450     const uint8_t guid[] =
451           UUID_LE(0xA5BC1114, 0x6F64, 0x4EDE, 0xB8, 0x63, 0x3E, 0x83, \
452                   0xED, 0x7C, 0x83, 0xB1);
453     Error *errp = NULL;
454     int data_length;
455     GArray *block;
456 
457     block = g_array_new(false, true /* clear */, 1);
458 
459     data_length = ACPI_GHES_DATA_LENGTH + ACPI_GHES_MEM_CPER_LENGTH;
460     /*
461      * It should not run out of the preallocated memory if adding a new generic
462      * error data entry
463      */
464     assert((data_length + ACPI_GHES_GESB_SIZE) <=
465             ACPI_GHES_MAX_RAW_DATA_LENGTH);
466 
467     ghes_gen_err_data_uncorrectable_recoverable(block, guid, data_length);
468 
469     /* Build the memory section CPER for above new generic error data entry */
470     acpi_ghes_build_append_mem_cper(block, physical_address);
471 
472     /* Report the error */
473     ghes_record_cper_errors(block->data, block->len, source_id, &errp);
474 
475     g_array_free(block, true);
476 
477     if (errp) {
478         error_report_err(errp);
479         return -1;
480     }
481 
482     return 0;
483 }
484 
485 bool acpi_ghes_present(void)
486 {
487     AcpiGedState *acpi_ged_state;
488     AcpiGhesState *ags;
489 
490     acpi_ged_state = ACPI_GED(object_resolve_path_type("", TYPE_ACPI_GED,
491                                                        NULL));
492 
493     if (!acpi_ged_state) {
494         return false;
495     }
496     ags = &acpi_ged_state->ghes_state;
497     return ags->present;
498 }
499