backends/tpm/tpm_passthrough.c

/*
 *  passthrough TPM driver
 *
 *  Copyright (c) 2010 - 2013 IBM Corporation
 *  Authors:
 *    Stefan Berger <stefanb@us.ibm.com>
 *
 *  Copyright (C) 2011 IAIK, Graz University of Technology
 *    Author: Andreas Niederl
 *
 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 * version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License along with this library; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>
 */

#include <dirent.h>

#include "qemu-common.h"
#include "qapi/error.h"
#include "qemu/sockets.h"
#include "backends/tpm.h"
#include "tpm_int.h"
#include "hw/hw.h"
#include "hw/i386/pc.h"
#include "sysemu/tpm_backend_int.h"
#include "tpm_tis.h"

/* #define DEBUG_TPM */

#ifdef DEBUG_TPM
#define DPRINTF(fmt, ...) \
    do { fprintf(stderr, fmt, ## __VA_ARGS__); } while (0)
#else
#define DPRINTF(fmt, ...) \
    do { } while (0)
#endif

#define TYPE_TPM_PASSTHROUGH "tpm-passthrough"
#define TPM_PASSTHROUGH(obj) \
    OBJECT_CHECK(TPMPassthruState, (obj), TYPE_TPM_PASSTHROUGH)

static const TPMDriverOps tpm_passthrough_driver;

/* data structures */
typedef struct TPMPassthruThreadParams {
    TPMState *tpm_state;

    TPMRecvDataCB *recv_data_callback;
    TPMBackend *tb;
} TPMPassthruThreadParams;

struct TPMPassthruState {
    TPMBackend parent;

    TPMBackendThread tbt;

    TPMPassthruThreadParams tpm_thread_params;

    char *tpm_dev;
    int tpm_fd;
    bool tpm_executing;
    bool tpm_op_canceled;
    int cancel_fd;
    bool had_startup_error;
};

typedef struct TPMPassthruState TPMPassthruState;

#define TPM_PASSTHROUGH_DEFAULT_DEVICE "/dev/tpm0"

/* functions */

static void tpm_passthrough_cancel_cmd(TPMBackend *tb);

static int tpm_passthrough_unix_write(int fd, const uint8_t *buf, uint32_t len)
{
    return send_all(fd, buf, len);
}

static int tpm_passthrough_unix_read(int fd, uint8_t *buf, uint32_t len)
{
    return recv_all(fd, buf, len, true);
}

static uint32_t tpm_passthrough_get_size_from_buffer(const uint8_t *buf)
{
    struct tpm_resp_hdr *resp = (struct tpm_resp_hdr *)buf;

    return be32_to_cpu(resp->len);
}

/*
 * Write an error message in the given output buffer.
 */
static void tpm_write_fatal_error_response(uint8_t *out, uint32_t out_len)
{
    if (out_len >= sizeof(struct tpm_resp_hdr)) {
        struct tpm_resp_hdr *resp = (struct tpm_resp_hdr *)out;

        resp->tag = cpu_to_be16(TPM_TAG_RSP_COMMAND);
        resp->len = cpu_to_be32(sizeof(struct tpm_resp_hdr));
        resp->errcode = cpu_to_be32(TPM_FAIL);
    }
}

static int tpm_passthrough_unix_tx_bufs(TPMPassthruState *tpm_pt,
                                        const uint8_t *in, uint32_t in_len,
                                        uint8_t *out, uint32_t out_len)
{
    int ret;

    tpm_pt->tpm_op_canceled = false;
    tpm_pt->tpm_executing = true;

    ret = tpm_passthrough_unix_write(tpm_pt->tpm_fd, in, in_len);
    if (ret != in_len) {
        if (!tpm_pt->tpm_op_canceled ||
            (tpm_pt->tpm_op_canceled && errno != ECANCELED)) {
            error_report("tpm_passthrough: error while transmitting data "
                         "to TPM: %s (%i)\n",
                         strerror(errno), errno);
        }
        goto err_exit;
    }

    tpm_pt->tpm_executing = false;

    ret = tpm_passthrough_unix_read(tpm_pt->tpm_fd, out, out_len);
    if (ret < 0) {
        if (!tpm_pt->tpm_op_canceled ||
            (tpm_pt->tpm_op_canceled && errno != ECANCELED)) {
            error_report("tpm_passthrough: error while reading data from "
                         "TPM: %s (%i)\n",
                         strerror(errno), errno);
        }
    } else if (ret < sizeof(struct tpm_resp_hdr) ||
               tpm_passthrough_get_size_from_buffer(out) != ret) {
        ret = -1;
        error_report("tpm_passthrough: received invalid response "
                     "packet from TPM\n");
    }

err_exit:
    if (ret < 0) {
        tpm_write_fatal_error_response(out, out_len);
    }

    tpm_pt->tpm_executing = false;

    return ret;
}

static int tpm_passthrough_unix_transfer(TPMPassthruState *tpm_pt,
                                         const TPMLocality *locty_data)
{
    return tpm_passthrough_unix_tx_bufs(tpm_pt,
                                        locty_data->w_buffer.buffer,
                                        locty_data->w_offset,
                                        locty_data->r_buffer.buffer,
                                        locty_data->r_buffer.size);
}

static void tpm_passthrough_worker_thread(gpointer data,
                                          gpointer user_data)
{
    TPMPassthruThreadParams *thr_parms = user_data;
    TPMPassthruState *tpm_pt = TPM_PASSTHROUGH(thr_parms->tb);
    TPMBackendCmd cmd = (TPMBackendCmd)data;

    DPRINTF("tpm_passthrough: processing command type %d\n", cmd);

    switch (cmd) {
    case TPM_BACKEND_CMD_PROCESS_CMD:
        tpm_passthrough_unix_transfer(tpm_pt,
                                      thr_parms->tpm_state->locty_data);

        thr_parms->recv_data_callback(thr_parms->tpm_state,
                                      thr_parms->tpm_state->locty_number);
        break;
    case TPM_BACKEND_CMD_INIT:
    case TPM_BACKEND_CMD_END:
    case TPM_BACKEND_CMD_TPM_RESET:
        /* nothing to do */
        break;
    }
}

/*
 * Start the TPM (thread). If it had been started before, then terminate
 * and start it again.
 */
static int tpm_passthrough_startup_tpm(TPMBackend *tb)
{
    TPMPassthruState *tpm_pt = TPM_PASSTHROUGH(tb);

    /* terminate a running TPM */
    tpm_backend_thread_end(&tpm_pt->tbt);

    tpm_backend_thread_create(&tpm_pt->tbt,
                              tpm_passthrough_worker_thread,
                              &tpm_pt->tpm_thread_params);

    return 0;
}

static void tpm_passthrough_reset(TPMBackend *tb)
{
    TPMPassthruState *tpm_pt = TPM_PASSTHROUGH(tb);

    DPRINTF("tpm_passthrough: CALL TO TPM_RESET!\n");

    tpm_passthrough_cancel_cmd(tb);

    tpm_backend_thread_end(&tpm_pt->tbt);

    tpm_pt->had_startup_error = false;
}

static int tpm_passthrough_init(TPMBackend *tb, TPMState *s,
                                TPMRecvDataCB *recv_data_cb)
{
    TPMPassthruState *tpm_pt = TPM_PASSTHROUGH(tb);

    tpm_pt->tpm_thread_params.tpm_state = s;
    tpm_pt->tpm_thread_params.recv_data_callback = recv_data_cb;
    tpm_pt->tpm_thread_params.tb = tb;

    return 0;
}

static bool tpm_passthrough_get_tpm_established_flag(TPMBackend *tb)
{
    return false;
}

static bool tpm_passthrough_get_startup_error(TPMBackend *tb)
{
    TPMPassthruState *tpm_pt = TPM_PASSTHROUGH(tb);

    return tpm_pt->had_startup_error;
}

static size_t tpm_passthrough_realloc_buffer(TPMSizedBuffer *sb)
{
    size_t wanted_size = 4096; /* Linux tpm.c buffer size */

    if (sb->size != wanted_size) {
        sb->buffer = g_realloc(sb->buffer, wanted_size);
        sb->size = wanted_size;
    }
    return sb->size;
}

static void tpm_passthrough_deliver_request(TPMBackend *tb)
{
    TPMPassthruState *tpm_pt = TPM_PASSTHROUGH(tb);

    tpm_backend_thread_deliver_request(&tpm_pt->tbt);
}

static void tpm_passthrough_cancel_cmd(TPMBackend *tb)
{
    TPMPassthruState *tpm_pt = TPM_PASSTHROUGH(tb);
    int n;

    /*
     * As of Linux 3.7 the tpm_tis driver does not properly cancel
     * commands on all TPM manufacturers' TPMs.
     * Only cancel if we're busy so we don't cancel someone else's
     * command, e.g., a command executed on the host.
     */
    if (tpm_pt->tpm_executing) {
        if (tpm_pt->cancel_fd >= 0) {
            n = write(tpm_pt->cancel_fd, "-", 1);
            if (n != 1) {
                error_report("Canceling TPM command failed: %s\n",
                             strerror(errno));
            } else {
                tpm_pt->tpm_op_canceled = true;
            }
        } else {
            error_report("Cannot cancel TPM command due to missing "
                         "TPM sysfs cancel entry");
        }
    }
}

static const char *tpm_passthrough_create_desc(void)
{
    return "Passthrough TPM backend driver";
}

/*
 * A basic test of a TPM device. We expect a well formatted response header
 * (error response is fine) within one second.
 */
static int tpm_passthrough_test_tpmdev(int fd)
{
    struct tpm_req_hdr req = {
        .tag = cpu_to_be16(TPM_TAG_RQU_COMMAND),
        .len = cpu_to_be32(sizeof(req)),
        .ordinal = cpu_to_be32(TPM_ORD_GetTicks),
    };
    struct tpm_resp_hdr *resp;
    fd_set readfds;
    int n;
    struct timeval tv = {
        .tv_sec = 1,
        .tv_usec = 0,
    };
    unsigned char buf[1024];

    n = write(fd, &req, sizeof(req));
    if (n < 0) {
        return errno;
    }
    if (n != sizeof(req)) {
        return EFAULT;
    }

    FD_ZERO(&readfds);
    FD_SET(fd, &readfds);

    /* wait for a second */
    n = select(fd + 1, &readfds, NULL, NULL, &tv);
    if (n != 1) {
        return errno;
    }

    n = read(fd, &buf, sizeof(buf));
    if (n < sizeof(struct tpm_resp_hdr)) {
        return EFAULT;
    }

    resp = (struct tpm_resp_hdr *)buf;
    /* check the header */
    if (be16_to_cpu(resp->tag) != TPM_TAG_RSP_COMMAND ||
        be32_to_cpu(resp->len) != n) {
        return EBADMSG;
    }

    return 0;
}

/*
 * Check whether the given base path, e.g.,  /sys/class/misc/tpm0/device,
 * is the sysfs directory of a TPM. A TPM sysfs directory should be uniquely
 * recognizable by the file entries 'pcrs' and 'cancel'.
 * Upon success 'true' is returned and the basebath buffer has '/cancel'
 * appended.
 */
static bool tpm_passthrough_check_sysfs_cancel(char *basepath, size_t bufsz)
{
    char path[PATH_MAX];
    struct stat statbuf;

    snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/pcrs", basepath);
    if (stat(path, &statbuf) == -1 || !S_ISREG(statbuf.st_mode)) {
        return false;
    }

    snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/cancel", basepath);
    if (stat(path, &statbuf) == -1 || !S_ISREG(statbuf.st_mode)) {
        return false;
    }

    strncpy(basepath, path, bufsz);

    return true;
}

/*
 * Unless path or file descriptor set has been provided by user,
 * determine the sysfs cancel file following kernel documentation
 * in Documentation/ABI/stable/sysfs-class-tpm.
 */
static int tpm_passthrough_open_sysfs_cancel(TPMBackend *tb)
{
    int fd = -1;
    unsigned int idx;
    DIR *pnp_dir;
    char path[PATH_MAX];
    struct dirent entry, *result;
    int len;

    if (tb->cancel_path) {
        fd = qemu_open(tb->cancel_path, O_WRONLY);
        if (fd < 0) {
            error_report("Could not open TPM cancel path : %s",
                         strerror(errno));
        }
        return fd;
    }

    snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "/sys/class/misc");
    pnp_dir = opendir(path);
    if (pnp_dir != NULL) {
        while (readdir_r(pnp_dir, &entry, &result) == 0 &&
               result != NULL) {
            /*
             * only allow /sys/class/misc/tpm%u type of paths
             */
            if (sscanf(entry.d_name, "tpm%u%n", &idx, &len) < 1 ||
                len <= strlen("tpm") ||
                len != strlen(entry.d_name)) {
                continue;
            }

            snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "/sys/class/misc/%s/device",
                     entry.d_name);
            if (!tpm_passthrough_check_sysfs_cancel(path, sizeof(path))) {
                continue;
            }

            fd = qemu_open(path, O_WRONLY);
            break;
        }
        closedir(pnp_dir);
    }

    if (fd >= 0) {
        tb->cancel_path = g_strdup(path);
    }

    return fd;
}

static int tpm_passthrough_handle_device_opts(QemuOpts *opts, TPMBackend *tb)
{
    TPMPassthruState *tpm_pt = TPM_PASSTHROUGH(tb);
    const char *value;

    value = qemu_opt_get(opts, "cancel-path");
    if (value) {
        tb->cancel_path = g_strdup(value);
    }

    value = qemu_opt_get(opts, "path");
    if (!value) {
        value = TPM_PASSTHROUGH_DEFAULT_DEVICE;
    }

    tpm_pt->tpm_dev = g_strdup(value);

    tb->path = g_strdup(tpm_pt->tpm_dev);

    tpm_pt->tpm_fd = qemu_open(tpm_pt->tpm_dev, O_RDWR);
    if (tpm_pt->tpm_fd < 0) {
        error_report("Cannot access TPM device using '%s': %s\n",
                     tpm_pt->tpm_dev, strerror(errno));
        goto err_free_parameters;
    }

    if (tpm_passthrough_test_tpmdev(tpm_pt->tpm_fd)) {
        error_report("'%s' is not a TPM device.\n",
                     tpm_pt->tpm_dev);
        goto err_close_tpmdev;
    }

    return 0;

 err_close_tpmdev:
    qemu_close(tpm_pt->tpm_fd);
    tpm_pt->tpm_fd = -1;

 err_free_parameters:
    g_free(tb->path);
    tb->path = NULL;

    g_free(tpm_pt->tpm_dev);
    tpm_pt->tpm_dev = NULL;

    return 1;
}

static TPMBackend *tpm_passthrough_create(QemuOpts *opts, const char *id)
{
    Object *obj = object_new(TYPE_TPM_PASSTHROUGH);
    TPMBackend *tb = TPM_BACKEND(obj);
    TPMPassthruState *tpm_pt = TPM_PASSTHROUGH(tb);

    tb->id = g_strdup(id);
    /* let frontend set the fe_model to proper value */
    tb->fe_model = -1;

    tb->ops = &tpm_passthrough_driver;

    if (tpm_passthrough_handle_device_opts(opts, tb)) {
        goto err_exit;
    }

    tpm_pt->cancel_fd = tpm_passthrough_open_sysfs_cancel(tb);
    if (tpm_pt->cancel_fd < 0) {
        goto err_exit;
    }

    return tb;

err_exit:
    g_free(tb->id);

    return NULL;
}

static void tpm_passthrough_destroy(TPMBackend *tb)
{
    TPMPassthruState *tpm_pt = TPM_PASSTHROUGH(tb);

    tpm_passthrough_cancel_cmd(tb);

    tpm_backend_thread_end(&tpm_pt->tbt);

    qemu_close(tpm_pt->tpm_fd);
    qemu_close(tpm_pt->cancel_fd);

    g_free(tb->id);
    g_free(tb->path);
    g_free(tb->cancel_path);
    g_free(tpm_pt->tpm_dev);
}

static const TPMDriverOps tpm_passthrough_driver = {
    .type                     = TPM_TYPE_PASSTHROUGH,
    .desc                     = tpm_passthrough_create_desc,
    .create                   = tpm_passthrough_create,
    .destroy                  = tpm_passthrough_destroy,
    .init                     = tpm_passthrough_init,
    .startup_tpm              = tpm_passthrough_startup_tpm,
    .realloc_buffer           = tpm_passthrough_realloc_buffer,
    .reset                    = tpm_passthrough_reset,
    .had_startup_error        = tpm_passthrough_get_startup_error,
    .deliver_request          = tpm_passthrough_deliver_request,
    .cancel_cmd               = tpm_passthrough_cancel_cmd,
    .get_tpm_established_flag = tpm_passthrough_get_tpm_established_flag,
};

static void tpm_passthrough_inst_init(Object *obj)
{
}

static void tpm_passthrough_inst_finalize(Object *obj)
{
}

static void tpm_passthrough_class_init(ObjectClass *klass, void *data)
{
    TPMBackendClass *tbc = TPM_BACKEND_CLASS(klass);

    tbc->ops = &tpm_passthrough_driver;
}

static const TypeInfo tpm_passthrough_info = {
    .name = TYPE_TPM_PASSTHROUGH,
    .parent = TYPE_TPM_BACKEND,
    .instance_size = sizeof(TPMPassthruState),
    .class_init = tpm_passthrough_class_init,
    .instance_init = tpm_passthrough_inst_init,
    .instance_finalize = tpm_passthrough_inst_finalize,
};

static void tpm_passthrough_register(void)
{
    type_register_static(&tpm_passthrough_info);
    tpm_register_driver(&tpm_passthrough_driver);
}

type_init(tpm_passthrough_register)