xref: /linux/fs/crypto/crypto.c (revision 283564a43383d6f26a55546fe9ae345b5fa95e66)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  * This contains encryption functions for per-file encryption.
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) 2015, Google, Inc.
6  * Copyright (C) 2015, Motorola Mobility
7  *
8  * Written by Michael Halcrow, 2014.
9  *
10  * Filename encryption additions
11  *	Uday Savagaonkar, 2014
12  * Encryption policy handling additions
13  *	Ildar Muslukhov, 2014
14  * Add fscrypt_pullback_bio_page()
15  *	Jaegeuk Kim, 2015.
16  *
17  * This has not yet undergone a rigorous security audit.
18  *
19  * The usage of AES-XTS should conform to recommendations in NIST
20  * Special Publication 800-38E and IEEE P1619/D16.
21  */
22 
23 #include <crypto/skcipher.h>
24 #include <linux/export.h>
25 #include <linux/mempool.h>
26 #include <linux/module.h>
27 #include <linux/pagemap.h>
28 #include <linux/ratelimit.h>
29 #include <linux/scatterlist.h>
30 
31 #include "fscrypt_private.h"
32 
33 static unsigned int num_prealloc_crypto_pages = 32;
34 
35 module_param(num_prealloc_crypto_pages, uint, 0444);
36 MODULE_PARM_DESC(num_prealloc_crypto_pages,
37 		"Number of crypto pages to preallocate");
38 
39 static mempool_t *fscrypt_bounce_page_pool = NULL;
40 
41 static struct workqueue_struct *fscrypt_read_workqueue;
42 static DEFINE_MUTEX(fscrypt_init_mutex);
43 
44 struct kmem_cache *fscrypt_inode_info_cachep;
45 
fscrypt_enqueue_decrypt_work(struct work_struct * work)46 void fscrypt_enqueue_decrypt_work(struct work_struct *work)
47 {
48 	queue_work(fscrypt_read_workqueue, work);
49 }
50 EXPORT_SYMBOL(fscrypt_enqueue_decrypt_work);
51 
fscrypt_alloc_bounce_page(gfp_t gfp_flags)52 struct page *fscrypt_alloc_bounce_page(gfp_t gfp_flags)
53 {
54 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!fscrypt_bounce_page_pool)) {
55 		/*
56 		 * Oops, the filesystem called a function that uses the bounce
57 		 * page pool, but it didn't set needs_bounce_pages.
58 		 */
59 		return NULL;
60 	}
61 	return mempool_alloc(fscrypt_bounce_page_pool, gfp_flags);
62 }
63 
64 /**
65  * fscrypt_free_bounce_page() - free a ciphertext bounce page
66  * @bounce_page: the bounce page to free, or NULL
67  *
68  * Free a bounce page that was allocated by fscrypt_encrypt_pagecache_blocks(),
69  * or by fscrypt_alloc_bounce_page() directly.
70  */
fscrypt_free_bounce_page(struct page * bounce_page)71 void fscrypt_free_bounce_page(struct page *bounce_page)
72 {
73 	if (!bounce_page)
74 		return;
75 	set_page_private(bounce_page, (unsigned long)NULL);
76 	ClearPagePrivate(bounce_page);
77 	mempool_free(bounce_page, fscrypt_bounce_page_pool);
78 }
79 EXPORT_SYMBOL(fscrypt_free_bounce_page);
80 
81 /*
82  * Generate the IV for the given data unit index within the given file.
83  * For filenames encryption, index == 0.
84  *
85  * Keep this in sync with fscrypt_limit_io_blocks().  fscrypt_limit_io_blocks()
86  * needs to know about any IV generation methods where the low bits of IV don't
87  * simply contain the data unit index (e.g., IV_INO_LBLK_32).
88  */
fscrypt_generate_iv(union fscrypt_iv * iv,u64 index,const struct fscrypt_inode_info * ci)89 void fscrypt_generate_iv(union fscrypt_iv *iv, u64 index,
90 			 const struct fscrypt_inode_info *ci)
91 {
92 	u8 flags = fscrypt_policy_flags(&ci->ci_policy);
93 
94 	memset(iv, 0, ci->ci_mode->ivsize);
95 
96 	if (flags & FSCRYPT_POLICY_FLAG_IV_INO_LBLK_64) {
97 		WARN_ON_ONCE(index > U32_MAX);
98 		WARN_ON_ONCE(ci->ci_inode->i_ino > U32_MAX);
99 		index |= (u64)ci->ci_inode->i_ino << 32;
100 	} else if (flags & FSCRYPT_POLICY_FLAG_IV_INO_LBLK_32) {
101 		WARN_ON_ONCE(index > U32_MAX);
102 		index = (u32)(ci->ci_hashed_ino + index);
103 	} else if (flags & FSCRYPT_POLICY_FLAG_DIRECT_KEY) {
104 		memcpy(iv->nonce, ci->ci_nonce, FSCRYPT_FILE_NONCE_SIZE);
105 	}
106 	iv->index = cpu_to_le64(index);
107 }
108 
109 /* Encrypt or decrypt a single "data unit" of file contents. */
fscrypt_crypt_data_unit(const struct fscrypt_inode_info * ci,fscrypt_direction_t rw,u64 index,struct page * src_page,struct page * dest_page,unsigned int len,unsigned int offs)110 int fscrypt_crypt_data_unit(const struct fscrypt_inode_info *ci,
111 			    fscrypt_direction_t rw, u64 index,
112 			    struct page *src_page, struct page *dest_page,
113 			    unsigned int len, unsigned int offs)
114 {
115 	struct crypto_sync_skcipher *tfm = ci->ci_enc_key.tfm;
116 	SYNC_SKCIPHER_REQUEST_ON_STACK(req, tfm);
117 	union fscrypt_iv iv;
118 	struct scatterlist dst, src;
119 	int err;
120 
121 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(len <= 0))
122 		return -EINVAL;
123 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(len % FSCRYPT_CONTENTS_ALIGNMENT != 0))
124 		return -EINVAL;
125 
126 	fscrypt_generate_iv(&iv, index, ci);
127 
128 	skcipher_request_set_callback(
129 		req, CRYPTO_TFM_REQ_MAY_BACKLOG | CRYPTO_TFM_REQ_MAY_SLEEP,
130 		NULL, NULL);
131 	sg_init_table(&dst, 1);
132 	sg_set_page(&dst, dest_page, len, offs);
133 	sg_init_table(&src, 1);
134 	sg_set_page(&src, src_page, len, offs);
135 	skcipher_request_set_crypt(req, &src, &dst, len, &iv);
136 	if (rw == FS_DECRYPT)
137 		err = crypto_skcipher_decrypt(req);
138 	else
139 		err = crypto_skcipher_encrypt(req);
140 	if (err)
141 		fscrypt_err(ci->ci_inode,
142 			    "%scryption failed for data unit %llu: %d",
143 			    (rw == FS_DECRYPT ? "De" : "En"), index, err);
144 	return err;
145 }
146 
147 /**
148  * fscrypt_encrypt_pagecache_blocks() - Encrypt data from a pagecache folio
149  * @folio: the locked pagecache folio containing the data to encrypt
150  * @len: size of the data to encrypt, in bytes
151  * @offs: offset within @page of the data to encrypt, in bytes
152  * @gfp_flags: memory allocation flags; see details below
153  *
154  * This allocates a new bounce page and encrypts the given data into it.  The
155  * length and offset of the data must be aligned to the file's crypto data unit
156  * size.  Alignment to the filesystem block size fulfills this requirement, as
157  * the filesystem block size is always a multiple of the data unit size.
158  *
159  * In the bounce page, the ciphertext data will be located at the same offset at
160  * which the plaintext data was located in the source page.  Any other parts of
161  * the bounce page will be left uninitialized.
162  *
163  * This is for use by the filesystem's ->writepages() method.
164  *
165  * The bounce page allocation is mempool-backed, so it will always succeed when
166  * @gfp_flags includes __GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM, e.g. when it's GFP_NOFS.  However,
167  * only the first page of each bio can be allocated this way.  To prevent
168  * deadlocks, for any additional pages a mask like GFP_NOWAIT must be used.
169  *
170  * Return: the new encrypted bounce page on success; an ERR_PTR() on failure
171  */
fscrypt_encrypt_pagecache_blocks(struct folio * folio,size_t len,size_t offs,gfp_t gfp_flags)172 struct page *fscrypt_encrypt_pagecache_blocks(struct folio *folio,
173 		size_t len, size_t offs, gfp_t gfp_flags)
174 {
175 	const struct inode *inode = folio->mapping->host;
176 	const struct fscrypt_inode_info *ci = inode->i_crypt_info;
177 	const unsigned int du_bits = ci->ci_data_unit_bits;
178 	const unsigned int du_size = 1U << du_bits;
179 	struct page *ciphertext_page;
180 	u64 index = ((u64)folio->index << (PAGE_SHIFT - du_bits)) +
181 		    (offs >> du_bits);
182 	unsigned int i;
183 	int err;
184 
185 	VM_BUG_ON_FOLIO(folio_test_large(folio), folio);
186 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!folio_test_locked(folio)))
187 		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
188 
189 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(len <= 0 || !IS_ALIGNED(len | offs, du_size)))
190 		return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
191 
192 	ciphertext_page = fscrypt_alloc_bounce_page(gfp_flags);
193 	if (!ciphertext_page)
194 		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
195 
196 	for (i = offs; i < offs + len; i += du_size, index++) {
197 		err = fscrypt_crypt_data_unit(ci, FS_ENCRYPT, index,
198 					      &folio->page, ciphertext_page,
199 					      du_size, i);
200 		if (err) {
201 			fscrypt_free_bounce_page(ciphertext_page);
202 			return ERR_PTR(err);
203 		}
204 	}
205 	SetPagePrivate(ciphertext_page);
206 	set_page_private(ciphertext_page, (unsigned long)folio);
207 	return ciphertext_page;
208 }
209 EXPORT_SYMBOL(fscrypt_encrypt_pagecache_blocks);
210 
211 /**
212  * fscrypt_encrypt_block_inplace() - Encrypt a filesystem block in-place
213  * @inode:     The inode to which this block belongs
214  * @page:      The page containing the block to encrypt
215  * @len:       Size of block to encrypt.  This must be a multiple of
216  *		FSCRYPT_CONTENTS_ALIGNMENT.
217  * @offs:      Byte offset within @page at which the block to encrypt begins
218  * @lblk_num:  Filesystem logical block number of the block, i.e. the 0-based
219  *		number of the block within the file
220  *
221  * Encrypt a possibly-compressed filesystem block that is located in an
222  * arbitrary page, not necessarily in the original pagecache page.  The @inode
223  * and @lblk_num must be specified, as they can't be determined from @page.
224  *
225  * This is not compatible with fscrypt_operations::supports_subblock_data_units.
226  *
227  * Return: 0 on success; -errno on failure
228  */
fscrypt_encrypt_block_inplace(const struct inode * inode,struct page * page,unsigned int len,unsigned int offs,u64 lblk_num)229 int fscrypt_encrypt_block_inplace(const struct inode *inode, struct page *page,
230 				  unsigned int len, unsigned int offs,
231 				  u64 lblk_num)
232 {
233 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(inode->i_sb->s_cop->supports_subblock_data_units))
234 		return -EOPNOTSUPP;
235 	return fscrypt_crypt_data_unit(inode->i_crypt_info, FS_ENCRYPT,
236 				       lblk_num, page, page, len, offs);
237 }
238 EXPORT_SYMBOL(fscrypt_encrypt_block_inplace);
239 
240 /**
241  * fscrypt_decrypt_pagecache_blocks() - Decrypt data from a pagecache folio
242  * @folio: the pagecache folio containing the data to decrypt
243  * @len: size of the data to decrypt, in bytes
244  * @offs: offset within @folio of the data to decrypt, in bytes
245  *
246  * Decrypt data that has just been read from an encrypted file.  The data must
247  * be located in a pagecache folio that is still locked and not yet uptodate.
248  * The length and offset of the data must be aligned to the file's crypto data
249  * unit size.  Alignment to the filesystem block size fulfills this requirement,
250  * as the filesystem block size is always a multiple of the data unit size.
251  *
252  * Return: 0 on success; -errno on failure
253  */
fscrypt_decrypt_pagecache_blocks(struct folio * folio,size_t len,size_t offs)254 int fscrypt_decrypt_pagecache_blocks(struct folio *folio, size_t len,
255 				     size_t offs)
256 {
257 	const struct inode *inode = folio->mapping->host;
258 	const struct fscrypt_inode_info *ci = inode->i_crypt_info;
259 	const unsigned int du_bits = ci->ci_data_unit_bits;
260 	const unsigned int du_size = 1U << du_bits;
261 	u64 index = ((u64)folio->index << (PAGE_SHIFT - du_bits)) +
262 		    (offs >> du_bits);
263 	size_t i;
264 	int err;
265 
266 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!folio_test_locked(folio)))
267 		return -EINVAL;
268 
269 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(len <= 0 || !IS_ALIGNED(len | offs, du_size)))
270 		return -EINVAL;
271 
272 	for (i = offs; i < offs + len; i += du_size, index++) {
273 		struct page *page = folio_page(folio, i >> PAGE_SHIFT);
274 
275 		err = fscrypt_crypt_data_unit(ci, FS_DECRYPT, index, page,
276 					      page, du_size, i & ~PAGE_MASK);
277 		if (err)
278 			return err;
279 	}
280 	return 0;
281 }
282 EXPORT_SYMBOL(fscrypt_decrypt_pagecache_blocks);
283 
284 /**
285  * fscrypt_decrypt_block_inplace() - Decrypt a filesystem block in-place
286  * @inode:     The inode to which this block belongs
287  * @page:      The page containing the block to decrypt
288  * @len:       Size of block to decrypt.  This must be a multiple of
289  *		FSCRYPT_CONTENTS_ALIGNMENT.
290  * @offs:      Byte offset within @page at which the block to decrypt begins
291  * @lblk_num:  Filesystem logical block number of the block, i.e. the 0-based
292  *		number of the block within the file
293  *
294  * Decrypt a possibly-compressed filesystem block that is located in an
295  * arbitrary page, not necessarily in the original pagecache page.  The @inode
296  * and @lblk_num must be specified, as they can't be determined from @page.
297  *
298  * This is not compatible with fscrypt_operations::supports_subblock_data_units.
299  *
300  * Return: 0 on success; -errno on failure
301  */
fscrypt_decrypt_block_inplace(const struct inode * inode,struct page * page,unsigned int len,unsigned int offs,u64 lblk_num)302 int fscrypt_decrypt_block_inplace(const struct inode *inode, struct page *page,
303 				  unsigned int len, unsigned int offs,
304 				  u64 lblk_num)
305 {
306 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(inode->i_sb->s_cop->supports_subblock_data_units))
307 		return -EOPNOTSUPP;
308 	return fscrypt_crypt_data_unit(inode->i_crypt_info, FS_DECRYPT,
309 				       lblk_num, page, page, len, offs);
310 }
311 EXPORT_SYMBOL(fscrypt_decrypt_block_inplace);
312 
313 /**
314  * fscrypt_initialize() - allocate major buffers for fs encryption.
315  * @sb: the filesystem superblock
316  *
317  * We only call this when we start accessing encrypted files, since it
318  * results in memory getting allocated that wouldn't otherwise be used.
319  *
320  * Return: 0 on success; -errno on failure
321  */
fscrypt_initialize(struct super_block * sb)322 int fscrypt_initialize(struct super_block *sb)
323 {
324 	int err = 0;
325 	mempool_t *pool;
326 
327 	/* pairs with smp_store_release() below */
328 	if (likely(smp_load_acquire(&fscrypt_bounce_page_pool)))
329 		return 0;
330 
331 	/* No need to allocate a bounce page pool if this FS won't use it. */
332 	if (!sb->s_cop->needs_bounce_pages)
333 		return 0;
334 
335 	mutex_lock(&fscrypt_init_mutex);
336 	if (fscrypt_bounce_page_pool)
337 		goto out_unlock;
338 
339 	err = -ENOMEM;
340 	pool = mempool_create_page_pool(num_prealloc_crypto_pages, 0);
341 	if (!pool)
342 		goto out_unlock;
343 	/* pairs with smp_load_acquire() above */
344 	smp_store_release(&fscrypt_bounce_page_pool, pool);
345 	err = 0;
346 out_unlock:
347 	mutex_unlock(&fscrypt_init_mutex);
348 	return err;
349 }
350 
fscrypt_msg(const struct inode * inode,const char * level,const char * fmt,...)351 void fscrypt_msg(const struct inode *inode, const char *level,
352 		 const char *fmt, ...)
353 {
354 	static DEFINE_RATELIMIT_STATE(rs, DEFAULT_RATELIMIT_INTERVAL,
355 				      DEFAULT_RATELIMIT_BURST);
356 	struct va_format vaf;
357 	va_list args;
358 
359 	if (!__ratelimit(&rs))
360 		return;
361 
362 	va_start(args, fmt);
363 	vaf.fmt = fmt;
364 	vaf.va = &args;
365 	if (inode && inode->i_ino)
366 		printk("%sfscrypt (%s, inode %lu): %pV\n",
367 		       level, inode->i_sb->s_id, inode->i_ino, &vaf);
368 	else if (inode)
369 		printk("%sfscrypt (%s): %pV\n", level, inode->i_sb->s_id, &vaf);
370 	else
371 		printk("%sfscrypt: %pV\n", level, &vaf);
372 	va_end(args);
373 }
374 
375 /**
376  * fscrypt_init() - Set up for fs encryption.
377  *
378  * Return: 0 on success; -errno on failure
379  */
fscrypt_init(void)380 static int __init fscrypt_init(void)
381 {
382 	int err = -ENOMEM;
383 
384 	/*
385 	 * Use an unbound workqueue to allow bios to be decrypted in parallel
386 	 * even when they happen to complete on the same CPU.  This sacrifices
387 	 * locality, but it's worthwhile since decryption is CPU-intensive.
388 	 *
389 	 * Also use a high-priority workqueue to prioritize decryption work,
390 	 * which blocks reads from completing, over regular application tasks.
391 	 */
392 	fscrypt_read_workqueue = alloc_workqueue("fscrypt_read_queue",
393 						 WQ_UNBOUND | WQ_HIGHPRI,
394 						 num_online_cpus());
395 	if (!fscrypt_read_workqueue)
396 		goto fail;
397 
398 	fscrypt_inode_info_cachep = KMEM_CACHE(fscrypt_inode_info,
399 					       SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT);
400 	if (!fscrypt_inode_info_cachep)
401 		goto fail_free_queue;
402 
403 	err = fscrypt_init_keyring();
404 	if (err)
405 		goto fail_free_inode_info;
406 
407 	return 0;
408 
409 fail_free_inode_info:
410 	kmem_cache_destroy(fscrypt_inode_info_cachep);
411 fail_free_queue:
412 	destroy_workqueue(fscrypt_read_workqueue);
413 fail:
414 	return err;
415 }
416 late_initcall(fscrypt_init)
417