xref: /linux/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/exception.c (revision c6e35dff58d348c1a9489e9b3b62b3721e62631d)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3  * Fault injection for both 32 and 64bit guests.
4  *
5  * Copyright (C) 2012,2013 - ARM Ltd
6  * Author: Marc Zyngier <marc.zyngier@arm.com>
7  *
8  * Based on arch/arm/kvm/emulate.c
9  * Copyright (C) 2012 - Virtual Open Systems and Columbia University
10  * Author: Christoffer Dall <c.dall@virtualopensystems.com>
11  */
12 
13 #include <hyp/adjust_pc.h>
14 #include <linux/kvm_host.h>
15 #include <asm/kvm_emulate.h>
16 #include <asm/kvm_mmu.h>
17 #include <asm/kvm_nested.h>
18 
19 #if !defined (__KVM_NVHE_HYPERVISOR__) && !defined (__KVM_VHE_HYPERVISOR__)
20 #error Hypervisor code only!
21 #endif
22 
23 static inline u64 __vcpu_read_sys_reg(const struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, int reg)
24 {
25 	u64 val;
26 
27 	if (unlikely(vcpu_has_nv(vcpu)))
28 		return vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, reg);
29 	else if (vcpu_get_flag(vcpu, SYSREGS_ON_CPU) &&
30 		 __vcpu_read_sys_reg_from_cpu(reg, &val))
31 		return val;
32 
33 	return __vcpu_sys_reg(vcpu, reg);
34 }
35 
36 static inline void __vcpu_write_sys_reg(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 val, int reg)
37 {
38 	if (unlikely(vcpu_has_nv(vcpu)))
39 		vcpu_write_sys_reg(vcpu, val, reg);
40 	else if (!vcpu_get_flag(vcpu, SYSREGS_ON_CPU) ||
41 		 !__vcpu_write_sys_reg_to_cpu(val, reg))
42 		__vcpu_assign_sys_reg(vcpu, reg, val);
43 }
44 
45 static void __vcpu_write_spsr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long target_mode,
46 			      u64 val)
47 {
48 	if (unlikely(vcpu_has_nv(vcpu))) {
49 		if (target_mode == PSR_MODE_EL1h)
50 			vcpu_write_sys_reg(vcpu, val, SPSR_EL1);
51 		else
52 			vcpu_write_sys_reg(vcpu, val, SPSR_EL2);
53 	} else if (has_vhe()) {
54 		write_sysreg_el1(val, SYS_SPSR);
55 	} else {
56 		__vcpu_assign_sys_reg(vcpu, SPSR_EL1, val);
57 	}
58 }
59 
60 static void __vcpu_write_spsr_abt(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 val)
61 {
62 	if (has_vhe())
63 		write_sysreg(val, spsr_abt);
64 	else
65 		vcpu->arch.ctxt.spsr_abt = val;
66 }
67 
68 static void __vcpu_write_spsr_und(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 val)
69 {
70 	if (has_vhe())
71 		write_sysreg(val, spsr_und);
72 	else
73 		vcpu->arch.ctxt.spsr_und = val;
74 }
75 
76 /*
77  * This performs the exception entry at a given EL (@target_mode), stashing PC
78  * and PSTATE into ELR and SPSR respectively, and compute the new PC/PSTATE.
79  * The EL passed to this function *must* be a non-secure, privileged mode with
80  * bit 0 being set (PSTATE.SP == 1).
81  *
82  * When an exception is taken, most PSTATE fields are left unchanged in the
83  * handler. However, some are explicitly overridden (e.g. M[4:0]). Luckily all
84  * of the inherited bits have the same position in the AArch64/AArch32 SPSR_ELx
85  * layouts, so we don't need to shuffle these for exceptions from AArch32 EL0.
86  *
87  * For the SPSR_ELx layout for AArch64, see ARM DDI 0487E.a page C5-429.
88  * For the SPSR_ELx layout for AArch32, see ARM DDI 0487E.a page C5-426.
89  *
90  * Here we manipulate the fields in order of the AArch64 SPSR_ELx layout, from
91  * MSB to LSB.
92  */
93 static void enter_exception64(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long target_mode,
94 			      enum exception_type type)
95 {
96 	unsigned long sctlr, vbar, old, new, mode;
97 	u64 exc_offset;
98 
99 	mode = *vcpu_cpsr(vcpu) & (PSR_MODE_MASK | PSR_MODE32_BIT);
100 
101 	if      (mode == target_mode)
102 		exc_offset = CURRENT_EL_SP_ELx_VECTOR;
103 	else if ((mode | PSR_MODE_THREAD_BIT) == target_mode)
104 		exc_offset = CURRENT_EL_SP_EL0_VECTOR;
105 	else if (!(mode & PSR_MODE32_BIT))
106 		exc_offset = LOWER_EL_AArch64_VECTOR;
107 	else
108 		exc_offset = LOWER_EL_AArch32_VECTOR;
109 
110 	switch (target_mode) {
111 	case PSR_MODE_EL1h:
112 		vbar = __vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, VBAR_EL1);
113 		sctlr = __vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, SCTLR_EL1);
114 		__vcpu_write_sys_reg(vcpu, *vcpu_pc(vcpu), ELR_EL1);
115 		break;
116 	case PSR_MODE_EL2h:
117 		vbar = __vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, VBAR_EL2);
118 		sctlr = __vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, SCTLR_EL2);
119 		__vcpu_write_sys_reg(vcpu, *vcpu_pc(vcpu), ELR_EL2);
120 		break;
121 	default:
122 		/* Don't do that */
123 		BUG();
124 	}
125 
126 	*vcpu_pc(vcpu) = vbar + exc_offset + type;
127 
128 	old = *vcpu_cpsr(vcpu);
129 	new = 0;
130 
131 	new |= (old & PSR_N_BIT);
132 	new |= (old & PSR_Z_BIT);
133 	new |= (old & PSR_C_BIT);
134 	new |= (old & PSR_V_BIT);
135 
136 	if (kvm_has_mte(kern_hyp_va(vcpu->kvm)))
137 		new |= PSR_TCO_BIT;
138 
139 	new |= (old & PSR_DIT_BIT);
140 
141 	// PSTATE.UAO is set to zero upon any exception to AArch64
142 	// See ARM DDI 0487E.a, page D5-2579.
143 
144 	// PSTATE.PAN is unchanged unless SCTLR_ELx.SPAN == 0b0
145 	// SCTLR_ELx.SPAN is RES1 when ARMv8.1-PAN is not implemented
146 	// See ARM DDI 0487E.a, page D5-2578.
147 	new |= (old & PSR_PAN_BIT);
148 	if (!(sctlr & SCTLR_EL1_SPAN))
149 		new |= PSR_PAN_BIT;
150 
151 	// PSTATE.SS is set to zero upon any exception to AArch64
152 	// See ARM DDI 0487E.a, page D2-2452.
153 
154 	// PSTATE.IL is set to zero upon any exception to AArch64
155 	// See ARM DDI 0487E.a, page D1-2306.
156 
157 	// PSTATE.SSBS is set to SCTLR_ELx.DSSBS upon any exception to AArch64
158 	// See ARM DDI 0487E.a, page D13-3258
159 	if (sctlr & SCTLR_ELx_DSSBS)
160 		new |= PSR_SSBS_BIT;
161 
162 	// PSTATE.BTYPE is set to zero upon any exception to AArch64
163 	// See ARM DDI 0487E.a, pages D1-2293 to D1-2294.
164 
165 	new |= PSR_D_BIT;
166 	new |= PSR_A_BIT;
167 	new |= PSR_I_BIT;
168 	new |= PSR_F_BIT;
169 
170 	new |= target_mode;
171 
172 	*vcpu_cpsr(vcpu) = new;
173 	__vcpu_write_spsr(vcpu, target_mode, old);
174 }
175 
176 /*
177  * When an exception is taken, most CPSR fields are left unchanged in the
178  * handler. However, some are explicitly overridden (e.g. M[4:0]).
179  *
180  * The SPSR/SPSR_ELx layouts differ, and the below is intended to work with
181  * either format. Note: SPSR.J bit doesn't exist in SPSR_ELx, but this bit was
182  * obsoleted by the ARMv7 virtualization extensions and is RES0.
183  *
184  * For the SPSR layout seen from AArch32, see:
185  * - ARM DDI 0406C.d, page B1-1148
186  * - ARM DDI 0487E.a, page G8-6264
187  *
188  * For the SPSR_ELx layout for AArch32 seen from AArch64, see:
189  * - ARM DDI 0487E.a, page C5-426
190  *
191  * Here we manipulate the fields in order of the AArch32 SPSR_ELx layout, from
192  * MSB to LSB.
193  */
194 static unsigned long get_except32_cpsr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 mode)
195 {
196 	u32 sctlr = __vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, SCTLR_EL1);
197 	unsigned long old, new;
198 
199 	old = *vcpu_cpsr(vcpu);
200 	new = 0;
201 
202 	new |= (old & PSR_AA32_N_BIT);
203 	new |= (old & PSR_AA32_Z_BIT);
204 	new |= (old & PSR_AA32_C_BIT);
205 	new |= (old & PSR_AA32_V_BIT);
206 	new |= (old & PSR_AA32_Q_BIT);
207 
208 	// CPSR.IT[7:0] are set to zero upon any exception
209 	// See ARM DDI 0487E.a, section G1.12.3
210 	// See ARM DDI 0406C.d, section B1.8.3
211 
212 	new |= (old & PSR_AA32_DIT_BIT);
213 
214 	// CPSR.SSBS is set to SCTLR.DSSBS upon any exception
215 	// See ARM DDI 0487E.a, page G8-6244
216 	if (sctlr & BIT(31))
217 		new |= PSR_AA32_SSBS_BIT;
218 
219 	// CPSR.PAN is unchanged unless SCTLR.SPAN == 0b0
220 	// SCTLR.SPAN is RES1 when ARMv8.1-PAN is not implemented
221 	// See ARM DDI 0487E.a, page G8-6246
222 	new |= (old & PSR_AA32_PAN_BIT);
223 	if (!(sctlr & BIT(23)))
224 		new |= PSR_AA32_PAN_BIT;
225 
226 	// SS does not exist in AArch32, so ignore
227 
228 	// CPSR.IL is set to zero upon any exception
229 	// See ARM DDI 0487E.a, page G1-5527
230 
231 	new |= (old & PSR_AA32_GE_MASK);
232 
233 	// CPSR.IT[7:0] are set to zero upon any exception
234 	// See prior comment above
235 
236 	// CPSR.E is set to SCTLR.EE upon any exception
237 	// See ARM DDI 0487E.a, page G8-6245
238 	// See ARM DDI 0406C.d, page B4-1701
239 	if (sctlr & BIT(25))
240 		new |= PSR_AA32_E_BIT;
241 
242 	// CPSR.A is unchanged upon an exception to Undefined, Supervisor
243 	// CPSR.A is set upon an exception to other modes
244 	// See ARM DDI 0487E.a, pages G1-5515 to G1-5516
245 	// See ARM DDI 0406C.d, page B1-1182
246 	new |= (old & PSR_AA32_A_BIT);
247 	if (mode != PSR_AA32_MODE_UND && mode != PSR_AA32_MODE_SVC)
248 		new |= PSR_AA32_A_BIT;
249 
250 	// CPSR.I is set upon any exception
251 	// See ARM DDI 0487E.a, pages G1-5515 to G1-5516
252 	// See ARM DDI 0406C.d, page B1-1182
253 	new |= PSR_AA32_I_BIT;
254 
255 	// CPSR.F is set upon an exception to FIQ
256 	// CPSR.F is unchanged upon an exception to other modes
257 	// See ARM DDI 0487E.a, pages G1-5515 to G1-5516
258 	// See ARM DDI 0406C.d, page B1-1182
259 	new |= (old & PSR_AA32_F_BIT);
260 	if (mode == PSR_AA32_MODE_FIQ)
261 		new |= PSR_AA32_F_BIT;
262 
263 	// CPSR.T is set to SCTLR.TE upon any exception
264 	// See ARM DDI 0487E.a, page G8-5514
265 	// See ARM DDI 0406C.d, page B1-1181
266 	if (sctlr & BIT(30))
267 		new |= PSR_AA32_T_BIT;
268 
269 	new |= mode;
270 
271 	return new;
272 }
273 
274 /*
275  * Table taken from ARMv8 ARM DDI0487B-B, table G1-10.
276  */
277 static const u8 return_offsets[8][2] = {
278 	[0] = { 0, 0 },		/* Reset, unused */
279 	[1] = { 4, 2 },		/* Undefined */
280 	[2] = { 0, 0 },		/* SVC, unused */
281 	[3] = { 4, 4 },		/* Prefetch abort */
282 	[4] = { 8, 8 },		/* Data abort */
283 	[5] = { 0, 0 },		/* HVC, unused */
284 	[6] = { 4, 4 },		/* IRQ, unused */
285 	[7] = { 4, 4 },		/* FIQ, unused */
286 };
287 
288 static void enter_exception32(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 mode, u32 vect_offset)
289 {
290 	unsigned long spsr = *vcpu_cpsr(vcpu);
291 	bool is_thumb = (spsr & PSR_AA32_T_BIT);
292 	u32 sctlr = __vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, SCTLR_EL1);
293 	u32 return_address;
294 
295 	*vcpu_cpsr(vcpu) = get_except32_cpsr(vcpu, mode);
296 	return_address   = *vcpu_pc(vcpu);
297 	return_address  += return_offsets[vect_offset >> 2][is_thumb];
298 
299 	/* KVM only enters the ABT and UND modes, so only deal with those */
300 	switch(mode) {
301 	case PSR_AA32_MODE_ABT:
302 		__vcpu_write_spsr_abt(vcpu, host_spsr_to_spsr32(spsr));
303 		vcpu_gp_regs(vcpu)->compat_lr_abt = return_address;
304 		break;
305 
306 	case PSR_AA32_MODE_UND:
307 		__vcpu_write_spsr_und(vcpu, host_spsr_to_spsr32(spsr));
308 		vcpu_gp_regs(vcpu)->compat_lr_und = return_address;
309 		break;
310 	}
311 
312 	/* Branch to exception vector */
313 	if (sctlr & (1 << 13))
314 		vect_offset += 0xffff0000;
315 	else /* always have security exceptions */
316 		vect_offset += __vcpu_read_sys_reg(vcpu, VBAR_EL1);
317 
318 	*vcpu_pc(vcpu) = vect_offset;
319 }
320 
321 static void kvm_inject_exception(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
322 {
323 	if (vcpu_el1_is_32bit(vcpu)) {
324 		switch (vcpu_get_flag(vcpu, EXCEPT_MASK)) {
325 		case unpack_vcpu_flag(EXCEPT_AA32_UND):
326 			enter_exception32(vcpu, PSR_AA32_MODE_UND, 4);
327 			break;
328 		case unpack_vcpu_flag(EXCEPT_AA32_IABT):
329 			enter_exception32(vcpu, PSR_AA32_MODE_ABT, 12);
330 			break;
331 		case unpack_vcpu_flag(EXCEPT_AA32_DABT):
332 			enter_exception32(vcpu, PSR_AA32_MODE_ABT, 16);
333 			break;
334 		default:
335 			/* Err... */
336 			break;
337 		}
338 	} else {
339 		switch (vcpu_get_flag(vcpu, EXCEPT_MASK)) {
340 		case unpack_vcpu_flag(EXCEPT_AA64_EL1_SYNC):
341 			enter_exception64(vcpu, PSR_MODE_EL1h, except_type_sync);
342 			break;
343 
344 		case unpack_vcpu_flag(EXCEPT_AA64_EL1_SERR):
345 			enter_exception64(vcpu, PSR_MODE_EL1h, except_type_serror);
346 			break;
347 
348 		case unpack_vcpu_flag(EXCEPT_AA64_EL2_SYNC):
349 			enter_exception64(vcpu, PSR_MODE_EL2h, except_type_sync);
350 			break;
351 
352 		case unpack_vcpu_flag(EXCEPT_AA64_EL2_IRQ):
353 			enter_exception64(vcpu, PSR_MODE_EL2h, except_type_irq);
354 			break;
355 
356 		case unpack_vcpu_flag(EXCEPT_AA64_EL2_SERR):
357 			enter_exception64(vcpu, PSR_MODE_EL2h, except_type_serror);
358 			break;
359 
360 		default:
361 			/*
362 			 * Only EL1_{SYNC,SERR} and EL2_{SYNC,IRQ,SERR} makes
363 			 * sense so far. Everything else gets silently
364 			 * ignored.
365 			 */
366 			break;
367 		}
368 	}
369 }
370 
371 /*
372  * Adjust the guest PC (and potentially exception state) depending on
373  * flags provided by the emulation code.
374  */
375 void __kvm_adjust_pc(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
376 {
377 	if (vcpu_get_flag(vcpu, PENDING_EXCEPTION)) {
378 		kvm_inject_exception(vcpu);
379 		vcpu_clear_flag(vcpu, PENDING_EXCEPTION);
380 		vcpu_clear_flag(vcpu, EXCEPT_MASK);
381 	} else if (vcpu_get_flag(vcpu, INCREMENT_PC)) {
382 		kvm_skip_instr(vcpu);
383 		vcpu_clear_flag(vcpu, INCREMENT_PC);
384 	}
385 }
386