xref: /kvmtool/kvm-cpu.c (revision b0b42ba0140e77ab602d6960b1291873d34e59f5)
1 #include "kvm/kvm-cpu.h"
2 
3 #include "kvm/symbol.h"
4 #include "kvm/util.h"
5 #include "kvm/kvm.h"
6 
7 #include <asm/msr-index.h>
8 
9 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
10 #include <sys/mman.h>
11 #include <signal.h>
12 #include <stdlib.h>
13 #include <string.h>
14 #include <errno.h>
15 #include <stdio.h>
16 
17 static inline bool is_in_protected_mode(struct kvm_cpu *vcpu)
18 {
19 	return vcpu->sregs.cr0 & 0x01;
20 }
21 
22 static inline u64 ip_to_flat(struct kvm_cpu *vcpu, u64 ip)
23 {
24 	u64 cs;
25 
26 	/*
27 	 * NOTE! We should take code segment base address into account here.
28 	 * Luckily it's usually zero because Linux uses flat memory model.
29 	 */
30 	if (is_in_protected_mode(vcpu))
31 		return ip;
32 
33 	cs = vcpu->sregs.cs.selector;
34 
35 	return ip + (cs << 4);
36 }
37 
38 static inline u32 selector_to_base(u16 selector)
39 {
40 	/*
41 	 * KVM on Intel requires 'base' to be 'selector * 16' in real mode.
42 	 */
43 	return (u32)selector * 16;
44 }
45 
46 static struct kvm_cpu *kvm_cpu__new(struct kvm *kvm)
47 {
48 	struct kvm_cpu *vcpu;
49 
50 	vcpu		= calloc(1, sizeof *vcpu);
51 	if (!vcpu)
52 		return NULL;
53 
54 	vcpu->kvm	= kvm;
55 
56 	return vcpu;
57 }
58 
59 void kvm_cpu__delete(struct kvm_cpu *vcpu)
60 {
61 	if (vcpu->msrs)
62 		free(vcpu->msrs);
63 
64 	free(vcpu);
65 }
66 
67 struct kvm_cpu *kvm_cpu__init(struct kvm *kvm, unsigned long cpu_id)
68 {
69 	struct kvm_cpu *vcpu;
70 	int mmap_size;
71 
72 	vcpu		= kvm_cpu__new(kvm);
73 	if (!vcpu)
74 		return NULL;
75 
76 	vcpu->cpu_id	= cpu_id;
77 
78 	vcpu->vcpu_fd = ioctl(vcpu->kvm->vm_fd, KVM_CREATE_VCPU, cpu_id);
79 	if (vcpu->vcpu_fd < 0)
80 		die_perror("KVM_CREATE_VCPU ioctl");
81 
82 	mmap_size = ioctl(vcpu->kvm->sys_fd, KVM_GET_VCPU_MMAP_SIZE, 0);
83 	if (mmap_size < 0)
84 		die_perror("KVM_GET_VCPU_MMAP_SIZE ioctl");
85 
86 	vcpu->kvm_run = mmap(NULL, mmap_size, PROT_RW, MAP_SHARED, vcpu->vcpu_fd, 0);
87 	if (vcpu->kvm_run == MAP_FAILED)
88 		die("unable to mmap vcpu fd");
89 
90 	return vcpu;
91 }
92 
93 void kvm_cpu__enable_singlestep(struct kvm_cpu *vcpu)
94 {
95 	struct kvm_guest_debug debug = {
96 		.control	= KVM_GUESTDBG_ENABLE | KVM_GUESTDBG_SINGLESTEP,
97 	};
98 
99 	if (ioctl(vcpu->vcpu_fd, KVM_SET_GUEST_DEBUG, &debug) < 0)
100 		warning("KVM_SET_GUEST_DEBUG failed");
101 }
102 
103 static struct kvm_msrs *kvm_msrs__new(size_t nmsrs)
104 {
105 	struct kvm_msrs *vcpu = calloc(1, sizeof(*vcpu) + (sizeof(struct kvm_msr_entry) * nmsrs));
106 
107 	if (!vcpu)
108 		die("out of memory");
109 
110 	return vcpu;
111 }
112 
113 #define KVM_MSR_ENTRY(_index, _data)	\
114 	(struct kvm_msr_entry) { .index = _index, .data = _data }
115 
116 static void kvm_cpu__setup_msrs(struct kvm_cpu *vcpu)
117 {
118 	unsigned long ndx = 0;
119 
120 	vcpu->msrs = kvm_msrs__new(100);
121 
122 	vcpu->msrs->entries[ndx++] = KVM_MSR_ENTRY(MSR_IA32_SYSENTER_CS,	0x0);
123 	vcpu->msrs->entries[ndx++] = KVM_MSR_ENTRY(MSR_IA32_SYSENTER_ESP,	0x0);
124 	vcpu->msrs->entries[ndx++] = KVM_MSR_ENTRY(MSR_IA32_SYSENTER_EIP,	0x0);
125 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
126 	vcpu->msrs->entries[ndx++] = KVM_MSR_ENTRY(MSR_STAR,			0x0);
127 	vcpu->msrs->entries[ndx++] = KVM_MSR_ENTRY(MSR_CSTAR,			0x0);
128 	vcpu->msrs->entries[ndx++] = KVM_MSR_ENTRY(MSR_KERNEL_GS_BASE,		0x0);
129 	vcpu->msrs->entries[ndx++] = KVM_MSR_ENTRY(MSR_SYSCALL_MASK,		0x0);
130 	vcpu->msrs->entries[ndx++] = KVM_MSR_ENTRY(MSR_LSTAR,			0x0);
131 #endif
132 	vcpu->msrs->entries[ndx++] = KVM_MSR_ENTRY(MSR_IA32_TSC,		0x0);
133 
134 	vcpu->msrs->nmsrs	= ndx;
135 
136 	if (ioctl(vcpu->vcpu_fd, KVM_SET_MSRS, vcpu->msrs) < 0)
137 		die_perror("KVM_SET_MSRS failed");
138 }
139 
140 static void kvm_cpu__setup_fpu(struct kvm_cpu *vcpu)
141 {
142 	vcpu->fpu = (struct kvm_fpu) {
143 		.fcw		= 0x37f,
144 		.mxcsr		= 0x1f80,
145 	};
146 
147 	if (ioctl(vcpu->vcpu_fd, KVM_SET_FPU, &vcpu->fpu) < 0)
148 		die_perror("KVM_SET_FPU failed");
149 }
150 
151 static void kvm_cpu__setup_regs(struct kvm_cpu *vcpu)
152 {
153 	vcpu->regs = (struct kvm_regs) {
154 		/* We start the guest in 16-bit real mode  */
155 		.rflags		= 0x0000000000000002ULL,
156 
157 		.rip		= vcpu->kvm->boot_ip,
158 		.rsp		= vcpu->kvm->boot_sp,
159 		.rbp		= vcpu->kvm->boot_sp,
160 	};
161 
162 	if (vcpu->regs.rip > USHRT_MAX)
163 		die("ip 0x%llx is too high for real mode", (u64) vcpu->regs.rip);
164 
165 	if (ioctl(vcpu->vcpu_fd, KVM_SET_REGS, &vcpu->regs) < 0)
166 		die_perror("KVM_SET_REGS failed");
167 }
168 
169 static void kvm_cpu__setup_sregs(struct kvm_cpu *vcpu)
170 {
171 
172 	if (ioctl(vcpu->vcpu_fd, KVM_GET_SREGS, &vcpu->sregs) < 0)
173 		die_perror("KVM_GET_SREGS failed");
174 
175 	vcpu->sregs.cs.selector	= vcpu->kvm->boot_selector;
176 	vcpu->sregs.cs.base	= selector_to_base(vcpu->kvm->boot_selector);
177 	vcpu->sregs.ss.selector	= vcpu->kvm->boot_selector;
178 	vcpu->sregs.ss.base	= selector_to_base(vcpu->kvm->boot_selector);
179 	vcpu->sregs.ds.selector	= vcpu->kvm->boot_selector;
180 	vcpu->sregs.ds.base	= selector_to_base(vcpu->kvm->boot_selector);
181 	vcpu->sregs.es.selector	= vcpu->kvm->boot_selector;
182 	vcpu->sregs.es.base	= selector_to_base(vcpu->kvm->boot_selector);
183 	vcpu->sregs.fs.selector	= vcpu->kvm->boot_selector;
184 	vcpu->sregs.fs.base	= selector_to_base(vcpu->kvm->boot_selector);
185 	vcpu->sregs.gs.selector	= vcpu->kvm->boot_selector;
186 	vcpu->sregs.gs.base	= selector_to_base(vcpu->kvm->boot_selector);
187 
188 	if (ioctl(vcpu->vcpu_fd, KVM_SET_SREGS, &vcpu->sregs) < 0)
189 		die_perror("KVM_SET_SREGS failed");
190 }
191 
192 /**
193  * kvm_cpu__reset_vcpu - reset virtual CPU to a known state
194  */
195 void kvm_cpu__reset_vcpu(struct kvm_cpu *vcpu)
196 {
197 	kvm_cpu__setup_sregs(vcpu);
198 	kvm_cpu__setup_regs(vcpu);
199 	kvm_cpu__setup_fpu(vcpu);
200 	kvm_cpu__setup_msrs(vcpu);
201 }
202 
203 static void print_dtable(const char *name, struct kvm_dtable *dtable)
204 {
205 	printf(" %s                 %016llx  %08hx\n",
206 		name, (u64) dtable->base, (u16) dtable->limit);
207 }
208 
209 static void print_segment(const char *name, struct kvm_segment *seg)
210 {
211 	printf(" %s       %04hx      %016llx  %08x  %02hhx    %x %x   %x  %x %x %x %x\n",
212 		name, (u16) seg->selector, (u64) seg->base, (u32) seg->limit,
213 		(u8) seg->type, seg->present, seg->dpl, seg->db, seg->s, seg->l, seg->g, seg->avl);
214 }
215 
216 void kvm_cpu__show_registers(struct kvm_cpu *vcpu)
217 {
218 	unsigned long cr0, cr2, cr3;
219 	unsigned long cr4, cr8;
220 	unsigned long rax, rbx, rcx;
221 	unsigned long rdx, rsi, rdi;
222 	unsigned long rbp,  r8,  r9;
223 	unsigned long r10, r11, r12;
224 	unsigned long r13, r14, r15;
225 	unsigned long rip, rsp;
226 	struct kvm_sregs sregs;
227 	unsigned long rflags;
228 	struct kvm_regs regs;
229 	int i;
230 
231 	if (ioctl(vcpu->vcpu_fd, KVM_GET_REGS, &regs) < 0)
232 		die("KVM_GET_REGS failed");
233 
234 	rflags = regs.rflags;
235 
236 	rip = regs.rip; rsp = regs.rsp;
237 	rax = regs.rax; rbx = regs.rbx; rcx = regs.rcx;
238 	rdx = regs.rdx; rsi = regs.rsi; rdi = regs.rdi;
239 	rbp = regs.rbp; r8  = regs.r8;  r9  = regs.r9;
240 	r10 = regs.r10; r11 = regs.r11; r12 = regs.r12;
241 	r13 = regs.r13; r14 = regs.r14; r15 = regs.r15;
242 
243 	printf("\n Registers:\n");
244 	printf(  " ----------\n");
245 	printf(" rip: %016lx   rsp: %016lx flags: %016lx\n", rip, rsp, rflags);
246 	printf(" rax: %016lx   rbx: %016lx   rcx: %016lx\n", rax, rbx, rcx);
247 	printf(" rdx: %016lx   rsi: %016lx   rdi: %016lx\n", rdx, rsi, rdi);
248 	printf(" rbp: %016lx    r8: %016lx    r9: %016lx\n", rbp, r8,  r9);
249 	printf(" r10: %016lx   r11: %016lx   r12: %016lx\n", r10, r11, r12);
250 	printf(" r13: %016lx   r14: %016lx   r15: %016lx\n", r13, r14, r15);
251 
252 	if (ioctl(vcpu->vcpu_fd, KVM_GET_SREGS, &sregs) < 0)
253 		die("KVM_GET_REGS failed");
254 
255 	cr0 = sregs.cr0; cr2 = sregs.cr2; cr3 = sregs.cr3;
256 	cr4 = sregs.cr4; cr8 = sregs.cr8;
257 
258 	printf(" cr0: %016lx   cr2: %016lx   cr3: %016lx\n", cr0, cr2, cr3);
259 	printf(" cr4: %016lx   cr8: %016lx\n", cr4, cr8);
260 	printf("\n Segment registers:\n");
261 	printf(  " ------------------\n");
262 	printf(" register  selector  base              limit     type  p dpl db s l g avl\n");
263 	print_segment("cs ", &sregs.cs);
264 	print_segment("ss ", &sregs.ss);
265 	print_segment("ds ", &sregs.ds);
266 	print_segment("es ", &sregs.es);
267 	print_segment("fs ", &sregs.fs);
268 	print_segment("gs ", &sregs.gs);
269 	print_segment("tr ", &sregs.tr);
270 	print_segment("ldt", &sregs.ldt);
271 	print_dtable("gdt", &sregs.gdt);
272 	print_dtable("idt", &sregs.idt);
273 
274 	printf("\n APIC:\n");
275 	printf(  " -----\n");
276 	printf(" efer: %016llx  apic base: %016llx  nmi: %s\n",
277 		(u64) sregs.efer, (u64) sregs.apic_base,
278 		(vcpu->kvm->nmi_disabled ? "disabled" : "enabled"));
279 
280 	printf("\n Interrupt bitmap:\n");
281 	printf(  " -----------------\n");
282 	for (i = 0; i < (KVM_NR_INTERRUPTS + 63) / 64; i++)
283 		printf(" %016llx", (u64) sregs.interrupt_bitmap[i]);
284 	printf("\n");
285 }
286 
287 #define MAX_SYM_LEN		128
288 
289 void kvm_cpu__show_code(struct kvm_cpu *vcpu)
290 {
291 	unsigned int code_bytes = 64;
292 	unsigned int code_prologue = code_bytes * 43 / 64;
293 	unsigned int code_len = code_bytes;
294 	char sym[MAX_SYM_LEN];
295 	unsigned char c;
296 	unsigned int i;
297 	u8 *ip;
298 
299 	if (ioctl(vcpu->vcpu_fd, KVM_GET_REGS, &vcpu->regs) < 0)
300 		die("KVM_GET_REGS failed");
301 
302 	if (ioctl(vcpu->vcpu_fd, KVM_GET_SREGS, &vcpu->sregs) < 0)
303 		die("KVM_GET_SREGS failed");
304 
305 	ip = guest_flat_to_host(vcpu->kvm, ip_to_flat(vcpu, vcpu->regs.rip) - code_prologue);
306 
307 	printf("\n Code:\n");
308 	printf(  " -----\n");
309 
310 	symbol__lookup(vcpu->kvm, vcpu->regs.rip, sym, MAX_SYM_LEN);
311 
312 	printf(" rip: [<%016lx>] %s\n\n", (unsigned long) vcpu->regs.rip, sym);
313 
314 	for (i = 0; i < code_len; i++, ip++) {
315 		if (!host_ptr_in_ram(vcpu->kvm, ip))
316 			break;
317 
318 		c = *ip;
319 
320 		if (ip == guest_flat_to_host(vcpu->kvm, ip_to_flat(vcpu, vcpu->regs.rip)))
321 			printf(" <%02x>", c);
322 		else
323 			printf(" %02x", c);
324 	}
325 
326 	printf("\n");
327 
328 	printf("\n Stack:\n");
329 	printf(  " ------\n");
330 	kvm__dump_mem(vcpu->kvm, vcpu->regs.rsp, 32);
331 }
332 
333 void kvm_cpu__show_page_tables(struct kvm_cpu *vcpu)
334 {
335 	u64 *pte1;
336 	u64 *pte2;
337 	u64 *pte3;
338 	u64 *pte4;
339 
340 	if (!is_in_protected_mode(vcpu))
341 		return;
342 
343 	if (ioctl(vcpu->vcpu_fd, KVM_GET_SREGS, &vcpu->sregs) < 0)
344 		die("KVM_GET_SREGS failed");
345 
346 	pte4	= guest_flat_to_host(vcpu->kvm, vcpu->sregs.cr3);
347 	if (!host_ptr_in_ram(vcpu->kvm, pte4))
348 		return;
349 
350 	pte3	= guest_flat_to_host(vcpu->kvm, (*pte4 & ~0xfff));
351 	if (!host_ptr_in_ram(vcpu->kvm, pte3))
352 		return;
353 
354 	pte2	= guest_flat_to_host(vcpu->kvm, (*pte3 & ~0xfff));
355 	if (!host_ptr_in_ram(vcpu->kvm, pte2))
356 		return;
357 
358 	pte1	= guest_flat_to_host(vcpu->kvm, (*pte2 & ~0xfff));
359 	if (!host_ptr_in_ram(vcpu->kvm, pte1))
360 		return;
361 
362 	printf("Page Tables:\n");
363 	if (*pte2 & (1 << 7))
364 		printf(" pte4: %016llx   pte3: %016llx"
365 			"   pte2: %016llx\n",
366 			*pte4, *pte3, *pte2);
367 	else
368 		printf(" pte4: %016llx  pte3: %016llx   pte2: %016"
369 			"llx   pte1: %016llx\n",
370 			*pte4, *pte3, *pte2, *pte1);
371 }
372 
373 void kvm_cpu__run(struct kvm_cpu *vcpu)
374 {
375 	int err;
376 
377 	err = ioctl(vcpu->vcpu_fd, KVM_RUN, 0);
378 	if (err && (errno != EINTR && errno != EAGAIN))
379 		die_perror("KVM_RUN failed");
380 }
381 
382 int kvm_cpu__start(struct kvm_cpu *cpu)
383 {
384 	sigset_t sigset;
385 
386 	sigemptyset(&sigset);
387 	sigaddset(&sigset, SIGALRM);
388 
389 	pthread_sigmask(SIG_BLOCK, &sigset, NULL);
390 
391 	kvm_cpu__setup_cpuid(cpu);
392 	kvm_cpu__reset_vcpu(cpu);
393 
394 	for (;;) {
395 		kvm_cpu__run(cpu);
396 
397 		switch (cpu->kvm_run->exit_reason) {
398 		case KVM_EXIT_UNKNOWN:
399 			break;
400 		case KVM_EXIT_DEBUG:
401 			kvm_cpu__show_registers(cpu);
402 			kvm_cpu__show_code(cpu);
403 			break;
404 		case KVM_EXIT_IO: {
405 			bool ret;
406 
407 			ret = kvm__emulate_io(cpu->kvm,
408 					cpu->kvm_run->io.port,
409 					(u8 *)cpu->kvm_run +
410 					cpu->kvm_run->io.data_offset,
411 					cpu->kvm_run->io.direction,
412 					cpu->kvm_run->io.size,
413 					cpu->kvm_run->io.count);
414 
415 			if (!ret)
416 				goto panic_kvm;
417 			break;
418 		}
419 		case KVM_EXIT_MMIO: {
420 			bool ret;
421 
422 			ret = kvm__emulate_mmio(cpu->kvm,
423 					cpu->kvm_run->mmio.phys_addr,
424 					cpu->kvm_run->mmio.data,
425 					cpu->kvm_run->mmio.len,
426 					cpu->kvm_run->mmio.is_write);
427 
428 			if (!ret)
429 				goto panic_kvm;
430 			break;
431 		}
432 		case KVM_EXIT_INTR:
433 			break;
434 		case KVM_EXIT_SHUTDOWN:
435 			goto exit_kvm;
436 		default:
437 			goto panic_kvm;
438 		}
439 	}
440 
441 exit_kvm:
442 	return 0;
443 
444 panic_kvm:
445 	return 1;
446 }
447