xref: /kvmtool/kvm-cpu.c (revision 73f7e5b39938fbb3e2c900701f07e730853432cf)
1 #include "kvm/kvm-cpu.h"
2 
3 #include "kvm/symbol.h"
4 #include "kvm/util.h"
5 #include "kvm/kvm.h"
6 
7 #include <asm/msr-index.h>
8 
9 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
10 #include <sys/mman.h>
11 #include <signal.h>
12 #include <stdlib.h>
13 #include <string.h>
14 #include <errno.h>
15 #include <stdio.h>
16 
17 #define PAGE_SIZE (sysconf(_SC_PAGE_SIZE))
18 
19 extern __thread struct kvm_cpu *current_kvm_cpu;
20 
21 static inline bool is_in_protected_mode(struct kvm_cpu *vcpu)
22 {
23 	return vcpu->sregs.cr0 & 0x01;
24 }
25 
26 static inline u64 ip_to_flat(struct kvm_cpu *vcpu, u64 ip)
27 {
28 	u64 cs;
29 
30 	/*
31 	 * NOTE! We should take code segment base address into account here.
32 	 * Luckily it's usually zero because Linux uses flat memory model.
33 	 */
34 	if (is_in_protected_mode(vcpu))
35 		return ip;
36 
37 	cs = vcpu->sregs.cs.selector;
38 
39 	return ip + (cs << 4);
40 }
41 
42 static inline u32 selector_to_base(u16 selector)
43 {
44 	/*
45 	 * KVM on Intel requires 'base' to be 'selector * 16' in real mode.
46 	 */
47 	return (u32)selector * 16;
48 }
49 
50 static struct kvm_cpu *kvm_cpu__new(struct kvm *kvm)
51 {
52 	struct kvm_cpu *vcpu;
53 
54 	vcpu		= calloc(1, sizeof *vcpu);
55 	if (!vcpu)
56 		return NULL;
57 
58 	vcpu->kvm	= kvm;
59 
60 	return vcpu;
61 }
62 
63 void kvm_cpu__delete(struct kvm_cpu *vcpu)
64 {
65 	if (vcpu->msrs)
66 		free(vcpu->msrs);
67 
68 	free(vcpu);
69 }
70 
71 struct kvm_cpu *kvm_cpu__init(struct kvm *kvm, unsigned long cpu_id)
72 {
73 	struct kvm_cpu *vcpu;
74 	int mmap_size;
75 	int coalesced_offset;
76 
77 	vcpu		= kvm_cpu__new(kvm);
78 	if (!vcpu)
79 		return NULL;
80 
81 	vcpu->cpu_id	= cpu_id;
82 
83 	vcpu->vcpu_fd = ioctl(vcpu->kvm->vm_fd, KVM_CREATE_VCPU, cpu_id);
84 	if (vcpu->vcpu_fd < 0)
85 		die_perror("KVM_CREATE_VCPU ioctl");
86 
87 	mmap_size = ioctl(vcpu->kvm->sys_fd, KVM_GET_VCPU_MMAP_SIZE, 0);
88 	if (mmap_size < 0)
89 		die_perror("KVM_GET_VCPU_MMAP_SIZE ioctl");
90 
91 	vcpu->kvm_run = mmap(NULL, mmap_size, PROT_RW, MAP_SHARED, vcpu->vcpu_fd, 0);
92 	if (vcpu->kvm_run == MAP_FAILED)
93 		die("unable to mmap vcpu fd");
94 
95 	coalesced_offset = ioctl(kvm->sys_fd, KVM_CHECK_EXTENSION, KVM_CAP_COALESCED_MMIO);
96 	if (coalesced_offset)
97 		vcpu->ring = (void *)vcpu->kvm_run + (coalesced_offset * PAGE_SIZE);
98 
99 	vcpu->is_running = true;
100 
101 	return vcpu;
102 }
103 
104 void kvm_cpu__enable_singlestep(struct kvm_cpu *vcpu)
105 {
106 	struct kvm_guest_debug debug = {
107 		.control	= KVM_GUESTDBG_ENABLE | KVM_GUESTDBG_SINGLESTEP,
108 	};
109 
110 	if (ioctl(vcpu->vcpu_fd, KVM_SET_GUEST_DEBUG, &debug) < 0)
111 		pr_warning("KVM_SET_GUEST_DEBUG failed");
112 }
113 
114 static struct kvm_msrs *kvm_msrs__new(size_t nmsrs)
115 {
116 	struct kvm_msrs *vcpu = calloc(1, sizeof(*vcpu) + (sizeof(struct kvm_msr_entry) * nmsrs));
117 
118 	if (!vcpu)
119 		die("out of memory");
120 
121 	return vcpu;
122 }
123 
124 #define KVM_MSR_ENTRY(_index, _data)	\
125 	(struct kvm_msr_entry) { .index = _index, .data = _data }
126 
127 static void kvm_cpu__setup_msrs(struct kvm_cpu *vcpu)
128 {
129 	unsigned long ndx = 0;
130 
131 	vcpu->msrs = kvm_msrs__new(100);
132 
133 	vcpu->msrs->entries[ndx++] = KVM_MSR_ENTRY(MSR_IA32_SYSENTER_CS,	0x0);
134 	vcpu->msrs->entries[ndx++] = KVM_MSR_ENTRY(MSR_IA32_SYSENTER_ESP,	0x0);
135 	vcpu->msrs->entries[ndx++] = KVM_MSR_ENTRY(MSR_IA32_SYSENTER_EIP,	0x0);
136 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
137 	vcpu->msrs->entries[ndx++] = KVM_MSR_ENTRY(MSR_STAR,			0x0);
138 	vcpu->msrs->entries[ndx++] = KVM_MSR_ENTRY(MSR_CSTAR,			0x0);
139 	vcpu->msrs->entries[ndx++] = KVM_MSR_ENTRY(MSR_KERNEL_GS_BASE,		0x0);
140 	vcpu->msrs->entries[ndx++] = KVM_MSR_ENTRY(MSR_SYSCALL_MASK,		0x0);
141 	vcpu->msrs->entries[ndx++] = KVM_MSR_ENTRY(MSR_LSTAR,			0x0);
142 #endif
143 	vcpu->msrs->entries[ndx++] = KVM_MSR_ENTRY(MSR_IA32_TSC,		0x0);
144 
145 	vcpu->msrs->nmsrs	= ndx;
146 
147 	if (ioctl(vcpu->vcpu_fd, KVM_SET_MSRS, vcpu->msrs) < 0)
148 		die_perror("KVM_SET_MSRS failed");
149 }
150 
151 static void kvm_cpu__setup_fpu(struct kvm_cpu *vcpu)
152 {
153 	vcpu->fpu = (struct kvm_fpu) {
154 		.fcw		= 0x37f,
155 		.mxcsr		= 0x1f80,
156 	};
157 
158 	if (ioctl(vcpu->vcpu_fd, KVM_SET_FPU, &vcpu->fpu) < 0)
159 		die_perror("KVM_SET_FPU failed");
160 }
161 
162 static void kvm_cpu__setup_regs(struct kvm_cpu *vcpu)
163 {
164 	vcpu->regs = (struct kvm_regs) {
165 		/* We start the guest in 16-bit real mode  */
166 		.rflags		= 0x0000000000000002ULL,
167 
168 		.rip		= vcpu->kvm->boot_ip,
169 		.rsp		= vcpu->kvm->boot_sp,
170 		.rbp		= vcpu->kvm->boot_sp,
171 	};
172 
173 	if (vcpu->regs.rip > USHRT_MAX)
174 		die("ip 0x%llx is too high for real mode", (u64) vcpu->regs.rip);
175 
176 	if (ioctl(vcpu->vcpu_fd, KVM_SET_REGS, &vcpu->regs) < 0)
177 		die_perror("KVM_SET_REGS failed");
178 }
179 
180 static void kvm_cpu__setup_sregs(struct kvm_cpu *vcpu)
181 {
182 
183 	if (ioctl(vcpu->vcpu_fd, KVM_GET_SREGS, &vcpu->sregs) < 0)
184 		die_perror("KVM_GET_SREGS failed");
185 
186 	vcpu->sregs.cs.selector	= vcpu->kvm->boot_selector;
187 	vcpu->sregs.cs.base	= selector_to_base(vcpu->kvm->boot_selector);
188 	vcpu->sregs.ss.selector	= vcpu->kvm->boot_selector;
189 	vcpu->sregs.ss.base	= selector_to_base(vcpu->kvm->boot_selector);
190 	vcpu->sregs.ds.selector	= vcpu->kvm->boot_selector;
191 	vcpu->sregs.ds.base	= selector_to_base(vcpu->kvm->boot_selector);
192 	vcpu->sregs.es.selector	= vcpu->kvm->boot_selector;
193 	vcpu->sregs.es.base	= selector_to_base(vcpu->kvm->boot_selector);
194 	vcpu->sregs.fs.selector	= vcpu->kvm->boot_selector;
195 	vcpu->sregs.fs.base	= selector_to_base(vcpu->kvm->boot_selector);
196 	vcpu->sregs.gs.selector	= vcpu->kvm->boot_selector;
197 	vcpu->sregs.gs.base	= selector_to_base(vcpu->kvm->boot_selector);
198 
199 	if (ioctl(vcpu->vcpu_fd, KVM_SET_SREGS, &vcpu->sregs) < 0)
200 		die_perror("KVM_SET_SREGS failed");
201 }
202 
203 /**
204  * kvm_cpu__reset_vcpu - reset virtual CPU to a known state
205  */
206 void kvm_cpu__reset_vcpu(struct kvm_cpu *vcpu)
207 {
208 	kvm_cpu__setup_sregs(vcpu);
209 	kvm_cpu__setup_regs(vcpu);
210 	kvm_cpu__setup_fpu(vcpu);
211 	kvm_cpu__setup_msrs(vcpu);
212 }
213 
214 static void print_dtable(const char *name, struct kvm_dtable *dtable)
215 {
216 	printf(" %s                 %016llx  %08hx\n",
217 		name, (u64) dtable->base, (u16) dtable->limit);
218 }
219 
220 static void print_segment(const char *name, struct kvm_segment *seg)
221 {
222 	printf(" %s       %04hx      %016llx  %08x  %02hhx    %x %x   %x  %x %x %x %x\n",
223 		name, (u16) seg->selector, (u64) seg->base, (u32) seg->limit,
224 		(u8) seg->type, seg->present, seg->dpl, seg->db, seg->s, seg->l, seg->g, seg->avl);
225 }
226 
227 void kvm_cpu__show_registers(struct kvm_cpu *vcpu)
228 {
229 	unsigned long cr0, cr2, cr3;
230 	unsigned long cr4, cr8;
231 	unsigned long rax, rbx, rcx;
232 	unsigned long rdx, rsi, rdi;
233 	unsigned long rbp,  r8,  r9;
234 	unsigned long r10, r11, r12;
235 	unsigned long r13, r14, r15;
236 	unsigned long rip, rsp;
237 	struct kvm_sregs sregs;
238 	unsigned long rflags;
239 	struct kvm_regs regs;
240 	int i;
241 
242 	if (ioctl(vcpu->vcpu_fd, KVM_GET_REGS, &regs) < 0)
243 		die("KVM_GET_REGS failed");
244 
245 	rflags = regs.rflags;
246 
247 	rip = regs.rip; rsp = regs.rsp;
248 	rax = regs.rax; rbx = regs.rbx; rcx = regs.rcx;
249 	rdx = regs.rdx; rsi = regs.rsi; rdi = regs.rdi;
250 	rbp = regs.rbp; r8  = regs.r8;  r9  = regs.r9;
251 	r10 = regs.r10; r11 = regs.r11; r12 = regs.r12;
252 	r13 = regs.r13; r14 = regs.r14; r15 = regs.r15;
253 
254 	printf("\n Registers:\n");
255 	printf(  " ----------\n");
256 	printf(" rip: %016lx   rsp: %016lx flags: %016lx\n", rip, rsp, rflags);
257 	printf(" rax: %016lx   rbx: %016lx   rcx: %016lx\n", rax, rbx, rcx);
258 	printf(" rdx: %016lx   rsi: %016lx   rdi: %016lx\n", rdx, rsi, rdi);
259 	printf(" rbp: %016lx    r8: %016lx    r9: %016lx\n", rbp, r8,  r9);
260 	printf(" r10: %016lx   r11: %016lx   r12: %016lx\n", r10, r11, r12);
261 	printf(" r13: %016lx   r14: %016lx   r15: %016lx\n", r13, r14, r15);
262 
263 	if (ioctl(vcpu->vcpu_fd, KVM_GET_SREGS, &sregs) < 0)
264 		die("KVM_GET_REGS failed");
265 
266 	cr0 = sregs.cr0; cr2 = sregs.cr2; cr3 = sregs.cr3;
267 	cr4 = sregs.cr4; cr8 = sregs.cr8;
268 
269 	printf(" cr0: %016lx   cr2: %016lx   cr3: %016lx\n", cr0, cr2, cr3);
270 	printf(" cr4: %016lx   cr8: %016lx\n", cr4, cr8);
271 	printf("\n Segment registers:\n");
272 	printf(  " ------------------\n");
273 	printf(" register  selector  base              limit     type  p dpl db s l g avl\n");
274 	print_segment("cs ", &sregs.cs);
275 	print_segment("ss ", &sregs.ss);
276 	print_segment("ds ", &sregs.ds);
277 	print_segment("es ", &sregs.es);
278 	print_segment("fs ", &sregs.fs);
279 	print_segment("gs ", &sregs.gs);
280 	print_segment("tr ", &sregs.tr);
281 	print_segment("ldt", &sregs.ldt);
282 	print_dtable("gdt", &sregs.gdt);
283 	print_dtable("idt", &sregs.idt);
284 
285 	printf("\n APIC:\n");
286 	printf(  " -----\n");
287 	printf(" efer: %016llx  apic base: %016llx  nmi: %s\n",
288 		(u64) sregs.efer, (u64) sregs.apic_base,
289 		(vcpu->kvm->nmi_disabled ? "disabled" : "enabled"));
290 
291 	printf("\n Interrupt bitmap:\n");
292 	printf(  " -----------------\n");
293 	for (i = 0; i < (KVM_NR_INTERRUPTS + 63) / 64; i++)
294 		printf(" %016llx", (u64) sregs.interrupt_bitmap[i]);
295 	printf("\n");
296 }
297 
298 #define MAX_SYM_LEN		128
299 
300 void kvm_cpu__show_code(struct kvm_cpu *vcpu)
301 {
302 	unsigned int code_bytes = 64;
303 	unsigned int code_prologue = code_bytes * 43 / 64;
304 	unsigned int code_len = code_bytes;
305 	char sym[MAX_SYM_LEN];
306 	unsigned char c;
307 	unsigned int i;
308 	u8 *ip;
309 
310 	if (ioctl(vcpu->vcpu_fd, KVM_GET_REGS, &vcpu->regs) < 0)
311 		die("KVM_GET_REGS failed");
312 
313 	if (ioctl(vcpu->vcpu_fd, KVM_GET_SREGS, &vcpu->sregs) < 0)
314 		die("KVM_GET_SREGS failed");
315 
316 	ip = guest_flat_to_host(vcpu->kvm, ip_to_flat(vcpu, vcpu->regs.rip) - code_prologue);
317 
318 	printf("\n Code:\n");
319 	printf(  " -----\n");
320 
321 	symbol__lookup(vcpu->kvm, vcpu->regs.rip, sym, MAX_SYM_LEN);
322 
323 	printf(" rip: [<%016lx>] %s\n\n", (unsigned long) vcpu->regs.rip, sym);
324 
325 	for (i = 0; i < code_len; i++, ip++) {
326 		if (!host_ptr_in_ram(vcpu->kvm, ip))
327 			break;
328 
329 		c = *ip;
330 
331 		if (ip == guest_flat_to_host(vcpu->kvm, ip_to_flat(vcpu, vcpu->regs.rip)))
332 			printf(" <%02x>", c);
333 		else
334 			printf(" %02x", c);
335 	}
336 
337 	printf("\n");
338 
339 	printf("\n Stack:\n");
340 	printf(  " ------\n");
341 	kvm__dump_mem(vcpu->kvm, vcpu->regs.rsp, 32);
342 }
343 
344 void kvm_cpu__show_page_tables(struct kvm_cpu *vcpu)
345 {
346 	u64 *pte1;
347 	u64 *pte2;
348 	u64 *pte3;
349 	u64 *pte4;
350 
351 	if (!is_in_protected_mode(vcpu))
352 		return;
353 
354 	if (ioctl(vcpu->vcpu_fd, KVM_GET_SREGS, &vcpu->sregs) < 0)
355 		die("KVM_GET_SREGS failed");
356 
357 	pte4	= guest_flat_to_host(vcpu->kvm, vcpu->sregs.cr3);
358 	if (!host_ptr_in_ram(vcpu->kvm, pte4))
359 		return;
360 
361 	pte3	= guest_flat_to_host(vcpu->kvm, (*pte4 & ~0xfff));
362 	if (!host_ptr_in_ram(vcpu->kvm, pte3))
363 		return;
364 
365 	pte2	= guest_flat_to_host(vcpu->kvm, (*pte3 & ~0xfff));
366 	if (!host_ptr_in_ram(vcpu->kvm, pte2))
367 		return;
368 
369 	pte1	= guest_flat_to_host(vcpu->kvm, (*pte2 & ~0xfff));
370 	if (!host_ptr_in_ram(vcpu->kvm, pte1))
371 		return;
372 
373 	printf("Page Tables:\n");
374 	if (*pte2 & (1 << 7))
375 		printf(" pte4: %016llx   pte3: %016llx"
376 			"   pte2: %016llx\n",
377 			*pte4, *pte3, *pte2);
378 	else
379 		printf(" pte4: %016llx  pte3: %016llx   pte2: %016"
380 			"llx   pte1: %016llx\n",
381 			*pte4, *pte3, *pte2, *pte1);
382 }
383 
384 void kvm_cpu__run(struct kvm_cpu *vcpu)
385 {
386 	int err;
387 
388 	err = ioctl(vcpu->vcpu_fd, KVM_RUN, 0);
389 	if (err && (errno != EINTR && errno != EAGAIN))
390 		die_perror("KVM_RUN failed");
391 }
392 
393 static void kvm_cpu_signal_handler(int signum)
394 {
395 	if (signum == SIGKVMEXIT) {
396 		if (current_kvm_cpu->is_running) {
397 			current_kvm_cpu->is_running = false;
398 			pthread_kill(pthread_self(), SIGKVMEXIT);
399 		}
400 	} else if (signum == SIGKVMPAUSE) {
401 		current_kvm_cpu->paused = 1;
402 	}
403 }
404 
405 static void kvm_cpu__handle_coalesced_mmio(struct kvm_cpu *cpu)
406 {
407 	if (cpu->ring) {
408 		while (cpu->ring->first != cpu->ring->last) {
409 			struct kvm_coalesced_mmio *m;
410 			m = &cpu->ring->coalesced_mmio[cpu->ring->first];
411 			kvm__emulate_mmio(cpu->kvm,
412 					m->phys_addr,
413 					m->data,
414 					m->len,
415 					1);
416 			cpu->ring->first = (cpu->ring->first + 1) % KVM_COALESCED_MMIO_MAX;
417 		}
418 	}
419 }
420 
421 int kvm_cpu__start(struct kvm_cpu *cpu)
422 {
423 	sigset_t sigset;
424 
425 	sigemptyset(&sigset);
426 	sigaddset(&sigset, SIGALRM);
427 
428 	pthread_sigmask(SIG_BLOCK, &sigset, NULL);
429 
430 	signal(SIGKVMEXIT, kvm_cpu_signal_handler);
431 	signal(SIGKVMPAUSE, kvm_cpu_signal_handler);
432 
433 	kvm_cpu__setup_cpuid(cpu);
434 	kvm_cpu__reset_vcpu(cpu);
435 
436 	for (;;) {
437 		if (cpu->paused) {
438 			kvm__notify_paused();
439 			cpu->paused = 0;
440 		}
441 
442 		kvm_cpu__run(cpu);
443 
444 		switch (cpu->kvm_run->exit_reason) {
445 		case KVM_EXIT_UNKNOWN:
446 			break;
447 		case KVM_EXIT_DEBUG:
448 			kvm_cpu__show_registers(cpu);
449 			kvm_cpu__show_code(cpu);
450 			break;
451 		case KVM_EXIT_IO: {
452 			bool ret;
453 
454 			ret = kvm__emulate_io(cpu->kvm,
455 					cpu->kvm_run->io.port,
456 					(u8 *)cpu->kvm_run +
457 					cpu->kvm_run->io.data_offset,
458 					cpu->kvm_run->io.direction,
459 					cpu->kvm_run->io.size,
460 					cpu->kvm_run->io.count);
461 
462 			if (!ret)
463 				goto panic_kvm;
464 			break;
465 		}
466 		case KVM_EXIT_MMIO: {
467 			bool ret;
468 
469 			ret = kvm__emulate_mmio(cpu->kvm,
470 					cpu->kvm_run->mmio.phys_addr,
471 					cpu->kvm_run->mmio.data,
472 					cpu->kvm_run->mmio.len,
473 					cpu->kvm_run->mmio.is_write);
474 
475 			if (!ret)
476 				goto panic_kvm;
477 			break;
478 		}
479 		case KVM_EXIT_INTR:
480 			if (cpu->is_running)
481 				break;
482 			goto exit_kvm;
483 		case KVM_EXIT_SHUTDOWN:
484 			goto exit_kvm;
485 		default:
486 			goto panic_kvm;
487 		}
488 		kvm_cpu__handle_coalesced_mmio(cpu);
489 	}
490 
491 exit_kvm:
492 	return 0;
493 
494 panic_kvm:
495 	return 1;
496 }
497