xref: /src/sbin/mdmfs/mdmfs.c (revision 4b9620433855b75989164c1a8a8a2e1a9b5fbff2)
1 /*-
2  * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-2-Clause
3  *
4  * Copyright (c) 2001 Dima Dorfman.
5  * All rights reserved.
6  *
7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9  * are met:
10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15  *
16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
17  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
18  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
19  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
20  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
21  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
22  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
23  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
24  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
25  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
26  * SUCH DAMAGE.
27  */
28 
29 /*
30  * mdmfs (md/MFS) is a wrapper around mdconfig(8),
31  * newfs(8), and mount(8) that mimics the command line option set of
32  * the deprecated mount_mfs(8).
33  */
34 
35 #include <sys/param.h>
36 #include <sys/linker.h>
37 #include <sys/mdioctl.h>
38 #include <sys/module.h>
39 #include <sys/mount.h>
40 #include <sys/stat.h>
41 #include <sys/wait.h>
42 
43 #include <assert.h>
44 #include <err.h>
45 #include <errno.h>
46 #include <fcntl.h>
47 #include <grp.h>
48 #include <inttypes.h>
49 #include <paths.h>
50 #include <pwd.h>
51 #include <stdarg.h>
52 #include <stdio.h>
53 #include <stdlib.h>
54 #include <string.h>
55 #include <ctype.h>
56 #include <unistd.h>
57 
58 typedef enum { false, true } bool;
59 
60 struct mtpt_info {
61 	uid_t		 mi_uid;
62 	bool		 mi_have_uid;
63 	gid_t		 mi_gid;
64 	bool		 mi_have_gid;
65 	mode_t		 mi_mode;
66 	bool		 mi_have_mode;
67 	bool		 mi_forced_pw;
68 };
69 
70 static	bool debug;		/* Emit debugging information? */
71 static	bool loudsubs;		/* Suppress output from helper programs? */
72 static	bool norun;		/* Actually run the helper programs? */
73 static	int unit;      		/* The unit we're working with. */
74 static	const char *mdname;	/* Name of memory disk device (e.g., "md"). */
75 static	const char *mdsuffix;	/* Suffix of memory disk device (e.g., ".uzip"). */
76 static	size_t mdnamelen;	/* Length of mdname. */
77 static	const char *path_mdconfig =_PATH_MDCONFIG;
78 
79 static void	 argappend(char **, const char *, ...) __printflike(2, 3);
80 static void	 debugprintf(const char *, ...) __printflike(1, 2);
81 static void	 do_mdconfig_attach(const char *, const enum md_types);
82 static void	 do_mdconfig_attach_au(const char *, const enum md_types);
83 static void	 do_mdconfig_detach(void);
84 static void	 do_mount_md(const char *, const char *);
85 static void	 do_mount_tmpfs(const char *, const char *);
86 static void	 do_mtptsetup(const char *, struct mtpt_info *);
87 static void	 do_newfs(const char *);
88 static void	 do_copy(const char *, const char *);
89 static void	 extract_ugid(const char *, struct mtpt_info *);
90 static int	 run(int *, const char *, ...) __printflike(2, 3);
91 static const char *run_exitstr(int);
92 static int	 run_exitnumber(int);
93 static void	 usage(void);
94 
95 int
main(int argc,char ** argv)96 main(int argc, char **argv)
97 {
98 	struct mtpt_info mi;		/* Mountpoint info. */
99 	intmax_t mdsize;
100 	char *mdconfig_arg, *newfs_arg,	/* Args to helper programs. */
101 	    *mount_arg;
102 	enum md_types mdtype;		/* The type of our memory disk. */
103 	bool have_mdtype, mlmac;
104 	bool detach, softdep, autounit, newfs;
105 	const char *mtpoint, *size_arg, *skel, *unitstr;
106 	char *p;
107 	int ch, idx;
108 	void *set;
109 	unsigned long ul;
110 
111 	/* Misc. initialization. */
112 	(void)memset(&mi, '\0', sizeof(mi));
113 	detach = true;
114 	softdep = true;
115 	autounit = false;
116 	mlmac = false;
117 	newfs = true;
118 	have_mdtype = false;
119 	skel = NULL;
120 	mdtype = MD_SWAP;
121 	mdname = MD_NAME;
122 	mdnamelen = strlen(mdname);
123 	mdsize = 0;
124 	/*
125 	 * Can't set these to NULL.  They may be passed to the
126 	 * respective programs without modification.  I.e., we may not
127 	 * receive any command-line options which will caused them to
128 	 * be modified.
129 	 */
130 	mdconfig_arg = strdup("");
131 	newfs_arg = strdup("");
132 	mount_arg = strdup("");
133 	size_arg = NULL;
134 
135 	/* If we were started as mount_mfs or mfs, imply -C. */
136 	if (strcmp(getprogname(), "mount_mfs") == 0 ||
137 	    strcmp(getprogname(), "mfs") == 0) {
138 		/* Make compatibility assumptions. */
139 		mi.mi_mode = 01777;
140 		mi.mi_have_mode = true;
141 	}
142 
143 	while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv,
144 	    "a:b:Cc:Dd:E:e:F:f:hi:k:LlMm:NnO:o:Pp:Ss:tT:Uv:w:X")) != -1)
145 		switch (ch) {
146 		case 'a':
147 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-a %s", optarg);
148 			break;
149 		case 'b':
150 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-b %s", optarg);
151 			break;
152 		case 'C':
153 			/* Ignored for compatibility. */
154 			break;
155 		case 'c':
156 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-c %s", optarg);
157 			break;
158 		case 'D':
159 			detach = false;
160 			break;
161 		case 'd':
162 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-d %s", optarg);
163 			break;
164 		case 'E':
165 			path_mdconfig = optarg;
166 			break;
167 		case 'e':
168 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-e %s", optarg);
169 			break;
170 		case 'F':
171 			if (have_mdtype)
172 				usage();
173 			mdtype = MD_VNODE;
174 			have_mdtype = true;
175 			argappend(&mdconfig_arg, "-f %s", optarg);
176 			break;
177 		case 'f':
178 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-f %s", optarg);
179 			break;
180 		case 'h':
181 			usage();
182 			break;
183 		case 'i':
184 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-i %s", optarg);
185 			break;
186 		case 'k':
187 			skel = optarg;
188 			break;
189 		case 'L':
190 			loudsubs = true;
191 			break;
192 		case 'l':
193 			mlmac = true;
194 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-l");
195 			break;
196 		case 'M':
197 			if (have_mdtype)
198 				usage();
199 			mdtype = MD_MALLOC;
200 			have_mdtype = true;
201 			argappend(&mdconfig_arg, "-o reserve");
202 			break;
203 		case 'm':
204 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-m %s", optarg);
205 			break;
206 		case 'N':
207 			norun = true;
208 			break;
209 		case 'n':
210 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-n");
211 			break;
212 		case 'O':
213 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-o %s", optarg);
214 			break;
215 		case 'o':
216 			argappend(&mount_arg, "-o %s", optarg);
217 			break;
218 		case 'P':
219 			newfs = false;
220 			break;
221 		case 'p':
222 			if ((set = setmode(optarg)) == NULL)
223 				usage();
224 			mi.mi_mode = getmode(set, S_IRWXU | S_IRWXG | S_IRWXO);
225 			mi.mi_have_mode = true;
226 			mi.mi_forced_pw = true;
227 			free(set);
228 			break;
229 		case 'S':
230 			softdep = false;
231 			break;
232 		case 's':
233 			size_arg = optarg;
234 			break;
235 		case 't':
236 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-t");
237 			break;
238 		case 'T':
239 			argappend(&mount_arg, "-t %s", optarg);
240 			break;
241 		case 'U':
242 			softdep = true;
243 			break;
244 		case 'v':
245 			argappend(&newfs_arg, "-O %s", optarg);
246 			break;
247 		case 'w':
248 			extract_ugid(optarg, &mi);
249 			mi.mi_forced_pw = true;
250 			break;
251 		case 'X':
252 			debug = true;
253 			break;
254 		default:
255 			usage();
256 		}
257 	argc -= optind;
258 	argv += optind;
259 	if (argc < 2)
260 		usage();
261 
262 	/*
263 	 * Historically our size arg was passed directly to mdconfig, which
264 	 * treats a number without a suffix as a count of 512-byte sectors;
265 	 * tmpfs would treat it as a count of bytes.  To get predictable
266 	 * behavior for 'auto' we document that the size always uses mdconfig
267 	 * rules.  To make that work, decode the size here so it can be passed
268 	 * to either tmpfs or mdconfig as a count of bytes.
269 	 */
270 	if (size_arg != NULL) {
271 		mdsize = (intmax_t)strtoumax(size_arg, &p, 0);
272 		if (p == size_arg || (p[0] != 0 && p[1] != 0) || mdsize < 0)
273 			errx(1, "invalid size '%s'", size_arg);
274 		switch (*p) {
275 		case 'p':
276 		case 'P':
277 			mdsize *= 1024;
278 		case 't':
279 		case 'T':
280 			mdsize *= 1024;
281 		case 'g':
282 		case 'G':
283 			mdsize *= 1024;
284 		case 'm':
285 		case 'M':
286 			mdsize *= 1024;
287 		case 'k':
288 		case 'K':
289 			mdsize *= 1024;
290 		case 'b':
291 		case 'B':
292 			break;
293 		case '\0':
294 			mdsize *= 512;
295 			break;
296 		default:
297 			errx(1, "invalid size suffix on '%s'", size_arg);
298 		}
299 	}
300 
301 	/*
302 	 * Based on the command line 'md-device' either mount a tmpfs filesystem
303 	 * or configure the md device then format and mount a filesystem on it.
304 	 * If the device is 'auto' use tmpfs if it is available and there is no
305 	 * request for multilabel MAC (which tmpfs does not support).
306 	 */
307 	unitstr = argv[0];
308 	mtpoint = argv[1];
309 
310 	if (strcmp(unitstr, "auto") == 0) {
311 		if (mlmac)
312 			idx = -1; /* Must use md for mlmac. */
313 		else if ((idx = modfind("tmpfs")) == -1)
314 			idx = kldload("tmpfs");
315 		if (idx == -1)
316 			unitstr = "md";
317 		else
318 			unitstr = "tmpfs";
319 	}
320 
321 	if (strcmp(unitstr, "tmpfs") == 0) {
322 		if (size_arg != NULL && mdsize != 0)
323 			argappend(&mount_arg, "-o size=%jd", mdsize);
324 		do_mount_tmpfs(mount_arg, mtpoint);
325 	} else {
326 		if (size_arg != NULL)
327 			argappend(&mdconfig_arg, "-s %jdB", mdsize);
328 		if (strncmp(unitstr, "/dev/", 5) == 0)
329 			unitstr += 5;
330 		if (strncmp(unitstr, mdname, mdnamelen) == 0)
331 			unitstr += mdnamelen;
332 		if (!isdigit(*unitstr)) {
333 			autounit = true;
334 			unit = -1;
335 			mdsuffix = unitstr;
336 		} else {
337 			ul = strtoul(unitstr, &p, 10);
338 			if (ul == ULONG_MAX)
339 				errx(1, "bad device unit: %s", unitstr);
340 			unit = ul;
341 			mdsuffix = p;	/* can be empty */
342 		}
343 
344 		if (!have_mdtype)
345 			mdtype = MD_SWAP;
346 		argappend(&newfs_arg, softdep ? "-U" : "-u");
347 		if (mdtype != MD_VNODE && !newfs)
348 			errx(1, "-P requires a vnode-backed disk");
349 
350 		/* Do the work. */
351 		if (detach && !autounit)
352 			do_mdconfig_detach();
353 		if (autounit)
354 			do_mdconfig_attach_au(mdconfig_arg, mdtype);
355 		else
356 			do_mdconfig_attach(mdconfig_arg, mdtype);
357 		if (newfs)
358 			do_newfs(newfs_arg);
359 		do_mount_md(mount_arg, mtpoint);
360 	}
361 
362 	do_mtptsetup(mtpoint, &mi);
363 	if (skel != NULL)
364 		do_copy(mtpoint, skel);
365 
366 	return (0);
367 }
368 
369 /*
370  * Append the expansion of 'fmt' to the buffer pointed to by '*dstp';
371  * reallocate as required.
372  */
373 static void
argappend(char ** dstp,const char * fmt,...)374 argappend(char **dstp, const char *fmt, ...)
375 {
376 	char *old, *new;
377 	va_list ap;
378 
379 	old = *dstp;
380 	assert(old != NULL);
381 
382 	va_start(ap, fmt);
383 	if (vasprintf(&new, fmt,ap) == -1)
384 		errx(1, "vasprintf");
385 	va_end(ap);
386 
387 	*dstp = new;
388 	if (asprintf(&new, "%s %s", old, new) == -1)
389 		errx(1, "asprintf");
390 	free(*dstp);
391 	free(old);
392 
393 	*dstp = new;
394 }
395 
396 /*
397  * If run-time debugging is enabled, print the expansion of 'fmt'.
398  * Otherwise, do nothing.
399  */
400 static void
debugprintf(const char * fmt,...)401 debugprintf(const char *fmt, ...)
402 {
403 	va_list ap;
404 
405 	if (!debug)
406 		return;
407 	fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: ");
408 	va_start(ap, fmt);
409 	vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
410 	va_end(ap);
411 	fprintf(stderr, "\n");
412 	fflush(stderr);
413 }
414 
415 /*
416  * Attach a memory disk with a known unit.
417  */
418 static void
do_mdconfig_attach(const char * args,const enum md_types mdtype)419 do_mdconfig_attach(const char *args, const enum md_types mdtype)
420 {
421 	int rv;
422 	const char *ta;		/* Type arg. */
423 
424 	switch (mdtype) {
425 	case MD_SWAP:
426 		ta = "-t swap";
427 		break;
428 	case MD_VNODE:
429 		ta = "-t vnode";
430 		break;
431 	case MD_MALLOC:
432 		ta = "-t malloc";
433 		break;
434 	default:
435 		abort();
436 	}
437 	rv = run(NULL, "%s -a %s%s -u %s%d", path_mdconfig, ta, args,
438 	    mdname, unit);
439 	if (rv)
440 		errx(1, "mdconfig (attach) exited %s %d", run_exitstr(rv),
441 		    run_exitnumber(rv));
442 }
443 
444 /*
445  * Attach a memory disk with an unknown unit; use autounit.
446  */
447 static void
do_mdconfig_attach_au(const char * args,const enum md_types mdtype)448 do_mdconfig_attach_au(const char *args, const enum md_types mdtype)
449 {
450 	const char *ta;		/* Type arg. */
451 	char *linep;
452 	char linebuf[12];	/* 32-bit unit (10) + '\n' (1) + '\0' (1) */
453 	int fd;			/* Standard output of mdconfig invocation. */
454 	FILE *sfd;
455 	int rv;
456 	char *p;
457 	size_t linelen;
458 	unsigned long ul;
459 
460 	switch (mdtype) {
461 	case MD_SWAP:
462 		ta = "-t swap";
463 		break;
464 	case MD_VNODE:
465 		ta = "-t vnode";
466 		break;
467 	case MD_MALLOC:
468 		ta = "-t malloc";
469 		break;
470 	default:
471 		abort();
472 	}
473 	rv = run(&fd, "%s -a %s%s", path_mdconfig, ta, args);
474 	if (rv)
475 		errx(1, "mdconfig (attach) exited %s %d", run_exitstr(rv),
476 		    run_exitnumber(rv));
477 
478 	/* Receive the unit number. */
479 	if (norun) {	/* Since we didn't run, we can't read.  Fake it. */
480 		unit = 0;
481 		return;
482 	}
483 	sfd = fdopen(fd, "r");
484 	if (sfd == NULL)
485 		err(1, "fdopen");
486 	linep = fgetln(sfd, &linelen);
487 	/* If the output format changes, we want to know about it. */
488 	if (linep == NULL || linelen <= mdnamelen + 1 ||
489 	    linelen - mdnamelen >= sizeof(linebuf) ||
490 	    strncmp(linep, mdname, mdnamelen) != 0)
491 		errx(1, "unexpected output from mdconfig (attach)");
492 	linep += mdnamelen;
493 	linelen -= mdnamelen;
494 	/* Can't use strlcpy because linep is not NULL-terminated. */
495 	strncpy(linebuf, linep, linelen);
496 	linebuf[linelen] = '\0';
497 	ul = strtoul(linebuf, &p, 10);
498 	if (ul == ULONG_MAX || *p != '\n')
499 		errx(1, "unexpected output from mdconfig (attach)");
500 	unit = ul;
501 
502 	fclose(sfd);
503 }
504 
505 /*
506  * Detach a memory disk.
507  */
508 static void
do_mdconfig_detach(void)509 do_mdconfig_detach(void)
510 {
511 	int rv;
512 
513 	rv = run(NULL, "%s -d -u %s%d", path_mdconfig, mdname, unit);
514 	if (rv && debug)	/* This is allowed to fail. */
515 		warnx("mdconfig (detach) exited %s %d (ignored)",
516 		    run_exitstr(rv), run_exitnumber(rv));
517 }
518 
519 /*
520  * Mount the configured memory disk.
521  */
522 static void
do_mount_md(const char * args,const char * mtpoint)523 do_mount_md(const char *args, const char *mtpoint)
524 {
525 	int rv;
526 
527 	rv = run(NULL, "%s%s /dev/%s%d%s %s", _PATH_MOUNT, args,
528 	    mdname, unit, mdsuffix, mtpoint);
529 	if (rv)
530 		errx(1, "mount exited %s %d", run_exitstr(rv),
531 		    run_exitnumber(rv));
532 }
533 
534 /*
535  * Mount the configured tmpfs.
536  */
537 static void
do_mount_tmpfs(const char * args,const char * mtpoint)538 do_mount_tmpfs(const char *args, const char *mtpoint)
539 {
540 	int rv;
541 
542 	rv = run(NULL, "%s -t tmpfs %s tmp %s", _PATH_MOUNT, args, mtpoint);
543 	if (rv)
544 		errx(1, "tmpfs mount exited %s %d", run_exitstr(rv),
545 		    run_exitnumber(rv));
546 }
547 
548 /*
549  * Various configuration of the mountpoint.  Mostly, enact 'mip'.
550  */
551 static void
do_mtptsetup(const char * mtpoint,struct mtpt_info * mip)552 do_mtptsetup(const char *mtpoint, struct mtpt_info *mip)
553 {
554 	struct statfs sfs;
555 
556 	if (!mip->mi_have_mode && !mip->mi_have_uid && !mip->mi_have_gid)
557 		return;
558 
559 	if (!norun) {
560 		if (statfs(mtpoint, &sfs) == -1) {
561 			warn("statfs: %s", mtpoint);
562 			return;
563 		}
564 		if ((sfs.f_flags & MNT_RDONLY) != 0) {
565 			if (mip->mi_forced_pw) {
566 				warnx(
567 	"Not changing mode/owner of %s since it is read-only",
568 				    mtpoint);
569 			} else {
570 				debugprintf(
571 	"Not changing mode/owner of %s since it is read-only",
572 				    mtpoint);
573 			}
574 			return;
575 		}
576 	}
577 
578 	if (mip->mi_have_mode) {
579 		debugprintf("changing mode of %s to %o.", mtpoint,
580 		    mip->mi_mode);
581 		if (!norun)
582 			if (chmod(mtpoint, mip->mi_mode) == -1)
583 				err(1, "chmod: %s", mtpoint);
584 	}
585 	/*
586 	 * We have to do these separately because the user may have
587 	 * only specified one of them.
588 	 */
589 	if (mip->mi_have_uid) {
590 		debugprintf("changing owner (user) or %s to %u.", mtpoint,
591 		    mip->mi_uid);
592 		if (!norun)
593 			if (chown(mtpoint, mip->mi_uid, -1) == -1)
594 				err(1, "chown %s to %u (user)", mtpoint,
595 				    mip->mi_uid);
596 	}
597 	if (mip->mi_have_gid) {
598 		debugprintf("changing owner (group) or %s to %u.", mtpoint,
599 		    mip->mi_gid);
600 		if (!norun)
601 			if (chown(mtpoint, -1, mip->mi_gid) == -1)
602 				err(1, "chown %s to %u (group)", mtpoint,
603 				    mip->mi_gid);
604 	}
605 }
606 
607 /*
608  * Put a file system on the memory disk.
609  */
610 static void
do_newfs(const char * args)611 do_newfs(const char *args)
612 {
613 	int rv;
614 
615 	rv = run(NULL, "%s%s /dev/%s%d", _PATH_NEWFS, args, mdname, unit);
616 	if (rv)
617 		errx(1, "newfs exited %s %d", run_exitstr(rv),
618 		    run_exitnumber(rv));
619 }
620 
621 
622 /*
623  * Copy skel into the mountpoint.
624  */
625 static void
do_copy(const char * mtpoint,const char * skel)626 do_copy(const char *mtpoint, const char *skel)
627 {
628 	int rv;
629 
630 	rv = chdir(skel);
631 	if (rv != 0)
632 		err(1, "chdir to %s", skel);
633 	rv = run(NULL, "/bin/pax -rw -pe . %s", mtpoint);
634 	if (rv != 0)
635 		errx(1, "skel copy failed");
636 }
637 
638 /*
639  * 'str' should be a user and group name similar to the last argument
640  * to chown(1); i.e., a user, followed by a colon, followed by a
641  * group.  The user and group in 'str' may be either a [ug]id or a
642  * name.  Upon return, the uid and gid fields in 'mip' will contain
643  * the uid and gid of the user and group name in 'str', respectively.
644  *
645  * In other words, this derives a user and group id from a string
646  * formatted like the last argument to chown(1).
647  *
648  * Notice: At this point we don't support only a username or only a
649  * group name. do_mtptsetup already does, so when this feature is
650  * desired, this is the only routine that needs to be changed.
651  */
652 static void
extract_ugid(const char * str,struct mtpt_info * mip)653 extract_ugid(const char *str, struct mtpt_info *mip)
654 {
655 	char *ug;			/* Writable 'str'. */
656 	char *user, *group;		/* Result of extracton. */
657 	struct passwd *pw;
658 	struct group *gr;
659 	char *p;
660 	uid_t *uid;
661 	gid_t *gid;
662 
663 	uid = &mip->mi_uid;
664 	gid = &mip->mi_gid;
665 	mip->mi_have_uid = mip->mi_have_gid = false;
666 
667 	/* Extract the user and group from 'str'.  Format above. */
668 	ug = strdup(str);
669 	assert(ug != NULL);
670 	group = ug;
671 	user = strsep(&group, ":");
672 	if (user == NULL || group == NULL || *user == '\0' || *group == '\0')
673 		usage();
674 
675 	/* Derive uid. */
676 	*uid = strtoul(user, &p, 10);
677 	if (*uid == (uid_t)ULONG_MAX)
678 		usage();
679 	if (*p != '\0') {
680 		pw = getpwnam(user);
681 		if (pw == NULL)
682 			errx(1, "invalid user: %s", user);
683 		*uid = pw->pw_uid;
684 	}
685 	mip->mi_have_uid = true;
686 
687 	/* Derive gid. */
688 	*gid = strtoul(group, &p, 10);
689 	if (*gid == (gid_t)ULONG_MAX)
690 		usage();
691 	if (*p != '\0') {
692 		gr = getgrnam(group);
693 		if (gr == NULL)
694 			errx(1, "invalid group: %s", group);
695 		*gid = gr->gr_gid;
696 	}
697 	mip->mi_have_gid = true;
698 
699 	free(ug);
700 }
701 
702 /*
703  * Run a process with command name and arguments pointed to by the
704  * formatted string 'cmdline'.  Since system(3) is not used, the first
705  * space-delimited token of 'cmdline' must be the full pathname of the
706  * program to run.
707  *
708  * The return value is the return code of the process spawned, or a negative
709  * signal number if the process exited due to an uncaught signal.
710  *
711  * If 'ofd' is non-NULL, it is set to the standard output of
712  * the program spawned (i.e., you can read from ofd and get the output
713  * of the program).
714  */
715 static int
run(int * ofd,const char * cmdline,...)716 run(int *ofd, const char *cmdline, ...)
717 {
718 	char **argv, **argvp;		/* Result of splitting 'cmd'. */
719 	int argc;
720 	char *cmd;			/* Expansion of 'cmdline'. */
721 	int pid, status;		/* Child info. */
722 	int pfd[2];			/* Pipe to the child. */
723 	int nfd;			/* Null (/dev/null) file descriptor. */
724 	bool dup2dn;			/* Dup /dev/null to stdout? */
725 	va_list ap;
726 	char *p;
727 	int rv, i;
728 
729 	dup2dn = true;
730 	va_start(ap, cmdline);
731 	rv = vasprintf(&cmd, cmdline, ap);
732 	if (rv == -1)
733 		err(1, "vasprintf");
734 	va_end(ap);
735 
736 	/* Split up 'cmd' into 'argv' for use with execve. */
737 	for (argc = 1, p = cmd; (p = strchr(p, ' ')) != NULL; p++)
738 		argc++;		/* 'argc' generation loop. */
739 	argv = (char **)malloc(sizeof(*argv) * (argc + 1));
740 	assert(argv != NULL);
741 	for (p = cmd, argvp = argv; (*argvp = strsep(&p, " ")) != NULL;)
742 		if (**argvp != '\0')
743 			if (++argvp >= &argv[argc]) {
744 				*argvp = NULL;
745 				break;
746 			}
747 	assert(*argv);
748 	/* The argv array ends up NULL-terminated here. */
749 
750 	/* Make sure the above loop works as expected. */
751 	if (debug) {
752 		/*
753 		 * We can't, but should, use debugprintf here.  First,
754 		 * it appends a trailing newline to the output, and
755 		 * second it prepends "DEBUG: " to the output.  The
756 		 * former is a problem for this would-be first call,
757 		 * and the latter for the would-be call inside the
758 		 * loop.
759 		 */
760 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: running:");
761 		/* Should be equivalent to 'cmd' (before strsep, of course). */
762 		for (i = 0; argv[i] != NULL; i++)
763 			(void)fprintf(stderr, " %s", argv[i]);
764 		(void)fprintf(stderr, "\n");
765 	}
766 
767 	/* Create a pipe if necessary and fork the helper program. */
768 	if (ofd != NULL) {
769 		if (pipe(&pfd[0]) == -1)
770 			err(1, "pipe");
771 		*ofd = pfd[0];
772 		dup2dn = false;
773 	}
774 	pid = fork();
775 	switch (pid) {
776 	case 0:
777 		/* XXX can we call err() in here? */
778 		if (norun)
779 			_exit(0);
780 		if (ofd != NULL)
781 			if (dup2(pfd[1], STDOUT_FILENO) < 0)
782 				err(1, "dup2");
783 		if (!loudsubs) {
784 			nfd = open(_PATH_DEVNULL, O_RDWR);
785 			if (nfd == -1)
786 				err(1, "open: %s", _PATH_DEVNULL);
787 			if (dup2(nfd, STDIN_FILENO) < 0)
788 				err(1, "dup2");
789 			if (dup2dn)
790 				if (dup2(nfd, STDOUT_FILENO) < 0)
791 				   err(1, "dup2");
792 			if (dup2(nfd, STDERR_FILENO) < 0)
793 				err(1, "dup2");
794 		}
795 
796 		(void)execv(argv[0], argv);
797 		warn("exec: %s", argv[0]);
798 		_exit(-1);
799 	case -1:
800 		err(1, "fork");
801 	}
802 
803 	free(cmd);
804 	free(argv);
805 	while (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) != pid)
806 		;
807 	if (WIFEXITED(status))
808 		return (WEXITSTATUS(status));
809 	if (WIFSIGNALED(status))
810 		return (-WTERMSIG(status));
811 	err(1, "unexpected waitpid status: 0x%x", status);
812 }
813 
814 /*
815  * If run() returns non-zero, provide a string explaining why.
816  */
817 static const char *
run_exitstr(int rv)818 run_exitstr(int rv)
819 {
820 	if (rv > 0)
821 		return ("with error code");
822 	if (rv < 0)
823 		return ("with signal");
824 	return (NULL);
825 }
826 
827 /*
828  * If run returns non-zero, provide a relevant number.
829  */
830 static int
run_exitnumber(int rv)831 run_exitnumber(int rv)
832 {
833 	if (rv < 0)
834 		return (-rv);
835 	return (rv);
836 }
837 
838 static void
usage(void)839 usage(void)
840 {
841 
842 	fprintf(stderr,
843 "usage: %s [-DLlMNnPStUX] [-a maxcontig] [-b block-size]\n"
844 "\t[-c blocks-per-cylinder-group][-d max-extent-size] [-E path-mdconfig]\n"
845 "\t[-e maxbpg] [-F file] [-f frag-size] [-i bytes] [-k skel]\n"
846 "\t[-m percent-free] [-O optimization] [-o mount-options]\n"
847 "\t[-p permissions] [-s size] [-v version] [-w user:group]\n"
848 "\tmd-device mount-point\n", getprogname());
849 	exit(1);
850 }
851