xref: /linux/rust/kernel/kunit.rs (revision 0074281bb6316108e0cff094bd4db78ab3eee236)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 
3 //! KUnit-based macros for Rust unit tests.
4 //!
5 //! C header: [`include/kunit/test.h`](srctree/include/kunit/test.h)
6 //!
7 //! Reference: <https://docs.kernel.org/dev-tools/kunit/index.html>
8 
9 use crate::prelude::*;
10 use core::fmt;
11 
12 #[cfg(CONFIG_PRINTK)]
13 use crate::c_str;
14 
15 /// Prints a KUnit error-level message.
16 ///
17 /// Public but hidden since it should only be used from KUnit generated code.
18 #[doc(hidden)]
err(args: fmt::Arguments<'_>)19 pub fn err(args: fmt::Arguments<'_>) {
20     // SAFETY: The format string is null-terminated and the `%pA` specifier matches the argument we
21     // are passing.
22     #[cfg(CONFIG_PRINTK)]
23     unsafe {
24         bindings::_printk(
25             c_str!("\x013%pA").as_char_ptr(),
26             core::ptr::from_ref(&args).cast::<c_void>(),
27         );
28     }
29 }
30 
31 /// Prints a KUnit info-level message.
32 ///
33 /// Public but hidden since it should only be used from KUnit generated code.
34 #[doc(hidden)]
info(args: fmt::Arguments<'_>)35 pub fn info(args: fmt::Arguments<'_>) {
36     // SAFETY: The format string is null-terminated and the `%pA` specifier matches the argument we
37     // are passing.
38     #[cfg(CONFIG_PRINTK)]
39     unsafe {
40         bindings::_printk(
41             c_str!("\x016%pA").as_char_ptr(),
42             core::ptr::from_ref(&args).cast::<c_void>(),
43         );
44     }
45 }
46 
47 /// Asserts that a boolean expression is `true` at runtime.
48 ///
49 /// Public but hidden since it should only be used from generated tests.
50 ///
51 /// Unlike the one in `core`, this one does not panic; instead, it is mapped to the KUnit
52 /// facilities. See [`assert!`] for more details.
53 #[doc(hidden)]
54 #[macro_export]
55 macro_rules! kunit_assert {
56     ($name:literal, $file:literal, $diff:expr, $condition:expr $(,)?) => {
57         'out: {
58             // Do nothing if the condition is `true`.
59             if $condition {
60                 break 'out;
61             }
62 
63             static FILE: &'static $crate::str::CStr = $crate::c_str!($file);
64             static LINE: i32 = ::core::line!() as i32 - $diff;
65             static CONDITION: &'static $crate::str::CStr = $crate::c_str!(stringify!($condition));
66 
67             // SAFETY: FFI call without safety requirements.
68             let kunit_test = unsafe { $crate::bindings::kunit_get_current_test() };
69             if kunit_test.is_null() {
70                 // The assertion failed but this task is not running a KUnit test, so we cannot call
71                 // KUnit, but at least print an error to the kernel log. This may happen if this
72                 // macro is called from an spawned thread in a test (see
73                 // `scripts/rustdoc_test_gen.rs`) or if some non-test code calls this macro by
74                 // mistake (it is hidden to prevent that).
75                 //
76                 // This mimics KUnit's failed assertion format.
77                 $crate::kunit::err(format_args!(
78                     "    # {}: ASSERTION FAILED at {FILE}:{LINE}\n",
79                     $name
80                 ));
81                 $crate::kunit::err(format_args!(
82                     "    Expected {CONDITION} to be true, but is false\n"
83                 ));
84                 $crate::kunit::err(format_args!(
85                     "    Failure not reported to KUnit since this is a non-KUnit task\n"
86                 ));
87                 break 'out;
88             }
89 
90             #[repr(transparent)]
91             struct Location($crate::bindings::kunit_loc);
92 
93             #[repr(transparent)]
94             struct UnaryAssert($crate::bindings::kunit_unary_assert);
95 
96             // SAFETY: There is only a static instance and in that one the pointer field points to
97             // an immutable C string.
98             unsafe impl Sync for Location {}
99 
100             // SAFETY: There is only a static instance and in that one the pointer field points to
101             // an immutable C string.
102             unsafe impl Sync for UnaryAssert {}
103 
104             static LOCATION: Location = Location($crate::bindings::kunit_loc {
105                 file: FILE.as_char_ptr(),
106                 line: LINE,
107             });
108             static ASSERTION: UnaryAssert = UnaryAssert($crate::bindings::kunit_unary_assert {
109                 assert: $crate::bindings::kunit_assert {},
110                 condition: CONDITION.as_char_ptr(),
111                 expected_true: true,
112             });
113 
114             // SAFETY:
115             //   - FFI call.
116             //   - The `kunit_test` pointer is valid because we got it from
117             //     `kunit_get_current_test()` and it was not null. This means we are in a KUnit
118             //     test, and that the pointer can be passed to KUnit functions and assertions.
119             //   - The string pointers (`file` and `condition` above) point to null-terminated
120             //     strings since they are `CStr`s.
121             //   - The function pointer (`format`) points to the proper function.
122             //   - The pointers passed will remain valid since they point to `static`s.
123             //   - The format string is allowed to be null.
124             //   - There are, however, problems with this: first of all, this will end up stopping
125             //     the thread, without running destructors. While that is problematic in itself,
126             //     it is considered UB to have what is effectively a forced foreign unwind
127             //     with `extern "C"` ABI. One could observe the stack that is now gone from
128             //     another thread. We should avoid pinning stack variables to prevent library UB,
129             //     too. For the moment, given that test failures are reported immediately before the
130             //     next test runs, that test failures should be fixed and that KUnit is explicitly
131             //     documented as not suitable for production environments, we feel it is reasonable.
132             unsafe {
133                 $crate::bindings::__kunit_do_failed_assertion(
134                     kunit_test,
135                     ::core::ptr::addr_of!(LOCATION.0),
136                     $crate::bindings::kunit_assert_type_KUNIT_ASSERTION,
137                     ::core::ptr::addr_of!(ASSERTION.0.assert),
138                     Some($crate::bindings::kunit_unary_assert_format),
139                     ::core::ptr::null(),
140                 );
141             }
142 
143             // SAFETY: FFI call; the `test` pointer is valid because this hidden macro should only
144             // be called by the generated documentation tests which forward the test pointer given
145             // by KUnit.
146             unsafe {
147                 $crate::bindings::__kunit_abort(kunit_test);
148             }
149         }
150     };
151 }
152 
153 /// Asserts that two expressions are equal to each other (using [`PartialEq`]).
154 ///
155 /// Public but hidden since it should only be used from generated tests.
156 ///
157 /// Unlike the one in `core`, this one does not panic; instead, it is mapped to the KUnit
158 /// facilities. See [`assert!`] for more details.
159 #[doc(hidden)]
160 #[macro_export]
161 macro_rules! kunit_assert_eq {
162     ($name:literal, $file:literal, $diff:expr, $left:expr, $right:expr $(,)?) => {{
163         // For the moment, we just forward to the expression assert because, for binary asserts,
164         // KUnit supports only a few types (e.g. integers).
165         $crate::kunit_assert!($name, $file, $diff, $left == $right);
166     }};
167 }
168 
169 trait TestResult {
is_test_result_ok(&self) -> bool170     fn is_test_result_ok(&self) -> bool;
171 }
172 
173 impl TestResult for () {
is_test_result_ok(&self) -> bool174     fn is_test_result_ok(&self) -> bool {
175         true
176     }
177 }
178 
179 impl<T, E> TestResult for Result<T, E> {
is_test_result_ok(&self) -> bool180     fn is_test_result_ok(&self) -> bool {
181         self.is_ok()
182     }
183 }
184 
185 /// Returns whether a test result is to be considered OK.
186 ///
187 /// This will be `assert!`ed from the generated tests.
188 #[doc(hidden)]
189 #[expect(private_bounds)]
is_test_result_ok(t: impl TestResult) -> bool190 pub fn is_test_result_ok(t: impl TestResult) -> bool {
191     t.is_test_result_ok()
192 }
193 
194 /// Represents an individual test case.
195 ///
196 /// The [`kunit_unsafe_test_suite!`] macro expects a NULL-terminated list of valid test cases.
197 /// Use [`kunit_case_null`] to generate such a delimiter.
198 #[doc(hidden)]
kunit_case( name: &'static kernel::str::CStr, run_case: unsafe extern "C" fn(*mut kernel::bindings::kunit), ) -> kernel::bindings::kunit_case199 pub const fn kunit_case(
200     name: &'static kernel::str::CStr,
201     run_case: unsafe extern "C" fn(*mut kernel::bindings::kunit),
202 ) -> kernel::bindings::kunit_case {
203     kernel::bindings::kunit_case {
204         run_case: Some(run_case),
205         name: name.as_char_ptr(),
206         attr: kernel::bindings::kunit_attributes {
207             speed: kernel::bindings::kunit_speed_KUNIT_SPEED_NORMAL,
208         },
209         generate_params: None,
210         status: kernel::bindings::kunit_status_KUNIT_SUCCESS,
211         module_name: core::ptr::null_mut(),
212         log: core::ptr::null_mut(),
213     }
214 }
215 
216 /// Represents the NULL test case delimiter.
217 ///
218 /// The [`kunit_unsafe_test_suite!`] macro expects a NULL-terminated list of test cases. This
219 /// function returns such a delimiter.
220 #[doc(hidden)]
kunit_case_null() -> kernel::bindings::kunit_case221 pub const fn kunit_case_null() -> kernel::bindings::kunit_case {
222     kernel::bindings::kunit_case {
223         run_case: None,
224         name: core::ptr::null_mut(),
225         generate_params: None,
226         attr: kernel::bindings::kunit_attributes {
227             speed: kernel::bindings::kunit_speed_KUNIT_SPEED_NORMAL,
228         },
229         status: kernel::bindings::kunit_status_KUNIT_SUCCESS,
230         module_name: core::ptr::null_mut(),
231         log: core::ptr::null_mut(),
232     }
233 }
234 
235 /// Registers a KUnit test suite.
236 ///
237 /// # Safety
238 ///
239 /// `test_cases` must be a NULL terminated array of valid test cases,
240 /// whose lifetime is at least that of the test suite (i.e., static).
241 ///
242 /// # Examples
243 ///
244 /// ```ignore
245 /// extern "C" fn test_fn(_test: *mut kernel::bindings::kunit) {
246 ///     let actual = 1 + 1;
247 ///     let expected = 2;
248 ///     assert_eq!(actual, expected);
249 /// }
250 ///
251 /// static mut KUNIT_TEST_CASES: [kernel::bindings::kunit_case; 2] = [
252 ///     kernel::kunit::kunit_case(kernel::c_str!("name"), test_fn),
253 ///     kernel::kunit::kunit_case_null(),
254 /// ];
255 /// kernel::kunit_unsafe_test_suite!(suite_name, KUNIT_TEST_CASES);
256 /// ```
257 #[doc(hidden)]
258 #[macro_export]
259 macro_rules! kunit_unsafe_test_suite {
260     ($name:ident, $test_cases:ident) => {
261         const _: () = {
262             const KUNIT_TEST_SUITE_NAME: [::kernel::ffi::c_char; 256] = {
263                 let name_u8 = ::core::stringify!($name).as_bytes();
264                 let mut ret = [0; 256];
265 
266                 if name_u8.len() > 255 {
267                     panic!(concat!(
268                         "The test suite name `",
269                         ::core::stringify!($name),
270                         "` exceeds the maximum length of 255 bytes."
271                     ));
272                 }
273 
274                 let mut i = 0;
275                 while i < name_u8.len() {
276                     ret[i] = name_u8[i] as ::kernel::ffi::c_char;
277                     i += 1;
278                 }
279 
280                 ret
281             };
282 
283             static mut KUNIT_TEST_SUITE: ::kernel::bindings::kunit_suite =
284                 ::kernel::bindings::kunit_suite {
285                     name: KUNIT_TEST_SUITE_NAME,
286                     #[allow(unused_unsafe)]
287                     // SAFETY: `$test_cases` is passed in by the user, and
288                     // (as documented) must be valid for the lifetime of
289                     // the suite (i.e., static).
290                     test_cases: unsafe {
291                         ::core::ptr::addr_of_mut!($test_cases)
292                             .cast::<::kernel::bindings::kunit_case>()
293                     },
294                     suite_init: None,
295                     suite_exit: None,
296                     init: None,
297                     exit: None,
298                     attr: ::kernel::bindings::kunit_attributes {
299                         speed: ::kernel::bindings::kunit_speed_KUNIT_SPEED_NORMAL,
300                     },
301                     status_comment: [0; 256usize],
302                     debugfs: ::core::ptr::null_mut(),
303                     log: ::core::ptr::null_mut(),
304                     suite_init_err: 0,
305                     is_init: false,
306                 };
307 
308             #[used(compiler)]
309             #[allow(unused_unsafe)]
310             #[cfg_attr(not(target_os = "macos"), link_section = ".kunit_test_suites")]
311             static mut KUNIT_TEST_SUITE_ENTRY: *const ::kernel::bindings::kunit_suite =
312                 // SAFETY: `KUNIT_TEST_SUITE` is static.
313                 unsafe { ::core::ptr::addr_of_mut!(KUNIT_TEST_SUITE) };
314         };
315     };
316 }
317 
318 /// Returns whether we are currently running a KUnit test.
319 ///
320 /// In some cases, you need to call test-only code from outside the test case, for example, to
321 /// create a function mock. This function allows to change behavior depending on whether we are
322 /// currently running a KUnit test or not.
323 ///
324 /// # Examples
325 ///
326 /// This example shows how a function can be mocked to return a well-known value while testing:
327 ///
328 /// ```
329 /// # use kernel::kunit::in_kunit_test;
330 /// fn fn_mock_example(n: i32) -> i32 {
331 ///     if in_kunit_test() {
332 ///         return 100;
333 ///     }
334 ///
335 ///     n + 1
336 /// }
337 ///
338 /// let mock_res = fn_mock_example(5);
339 /// assert_eq!(mock_res, 100);
340 /// ```
in_kunit_test() -> bool341 pub fn in_kunit_test() -> bool {
342     // SAFETY: `kunit_get_current_test()` is always safe to call (it has fallbacks for
343     // when KUnit is not enabled).
344     !unsafe { bindings::kunit_get_current_test() }.is_null()
345 }
346 
347 #[kunit_tests(rust_kernel_kunit)]
348 mod tests {
349     use super::*;
350 
351     #[test]
rust_test_kunit_example_test()352     fn rust_test_kunit_example_test() {
353         assert_eq!(1 + 1, 2);
354     }
355 
356     #[test]
rust_test_kunit_in_kunit_test()357     fn rust_test_kunit_in_kunit_test() {
358         assert!(in_kunit_test());
359     }
360 }
361