xref: /linux/include/linux/bitops.h (revision ab93e0dd72c37d378dd936f031ffb83ff2bd87ce)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2 #ifndef _LINUX_BITOPS_H
3 #define _LINUX_BITOPS_H
4 
5 #include <asm/types.h>
6 #include <linux/bits.h>
7 #include <linux/typecheck.h>
8 
9 #include <uapi/linux/kernel.h>
10 
11 #define BITS_TO_LONGS(nr)	__KERNEL_DIV_ROUND_UP(nr, BITS_PER_TYPE(long))
12 #define BITS_TO_U64(nr)		__KERNEL_DIV_ROUND_UP(nr, BITS_PER_TYPE(u64))
13 #define BITS_TO_U32(nr)		__KERNEL_DIV_ROUND_UP(nr, BITS_PER_TYPE(u32))
14 #define BITS_TO_BYTES(nr)	__KERNEL_DIV_ROUND_UP(nr, BITS_PER_TYPE(char))
15 
16 #define BYTES_TO_BITS(nb)	((nb) * BITS_PER_BYTE)
17 
18 extern unsigned int __sw_hweight8(unsigned int w);
19 extern unsigned int __sw_hweight16(unsigned int w);
20 extern unsigned int __sw_hweight32(unsigned int w);
21 extern unsigned long __sw_hweight64(__u64 w);
22 
23 /*
24  * Defined here because those may be needed by architecture-specific static
25  * inlines.
26  */
27 
28 #include <asm-generic/bitops/generic-non-atomic.h>
29 
30 /*
31  * Many architecture-specific non-atomic bitops contain inline asm code and due
32  * to that the compiler can't optimize them to compile-time expressions or
33  * constants. In contrary, generic_*() helpers are defined in pure C and
34  * compilers optimize them just well.
35  * Therefore, to make `unsigned long foo = 0; __set_bit(BAR, &foo)` effectively
36  * equal to `unsigned long foo = BIT(BAR)`, pick the generic C alternative when
37  * the arguments can be resolved at compile time. That expression itself is a
38  * constant and doesn't bring any functional changes to the rest of cases.
39  * The casts to `uintptr_t` are needed to mitigate `-Waddress` warnings when
40  * passing a bitmap from .bss or .data (-> `!!addr` is always true).
41  */
42 #define bitop(op, nr, addr)						\
43 	((__builtin_constant_p(nr) &&					\
44 	  __builtin_constant_p((uintptr_t)(addr) != (uintptr_t)NULL) &&	\
45 	  (uintptr_t)(addr) != (uintptr_t)NULL &&			\
46 	  __builtin_constant_p(*(const unsigned long *)(addr))) ?	\
47 	 const##op(nr, addr) : op(nr, addr))
48 
49 /*
50  * The following macros are non-atomic versions of their non-underscored
51  * counterparts.
52  */
53 #define __set_bit(nr, addr)		bitop(___set_bit, nr, addr)
54 #define __clear_bit(nr, addr)		bitop(___clear_bit, nr, addr)
55 #define __change_bit(nr, addr)		bitop(___change_bit, nr, addr)
56 #define __test_and_set_bit(nr, addr)	bitop(___test_and_set_bit, nr, addr)
57 #define __test_and_clear_bit(nr, addr)	bitop(___test_and_clear_bit, nr, addr)
58 #define __test_and_change_bit(nr, addr)	bitop(___test_and_change_bit, nr, addr)
59 
60 #define test_bit(nr, addr)		bitop(_test_bit, nr, addr)
61 #define test_bit_acquire(nr, addr)	bitop(_test_bit_acquire, nr, addr)
62 
63 /*
64  * Include this here because some architectures need generic_ffs/fls in
65  * scope
66  */
67 #include <asm/bitops.h>
68 
69 /* Check that the bitops prototypes are sane */
70 #define __check_bitop_pr(name)						\
71 	static_assert(__same_type(arch_##name, generic_##name) &&	\
72 		      __same_type(const_##name, generic_##name) &&	\
73 		      __same_type(_##name, generic_##name))
74 
75 __check_bitop_pr(__set_bit);
76 __check_bitop_pr(__clear_bit);
77 __check_bitop_pr(__change_bit);
78 __check_bitop_pr(__test_and_set_bit);
79 __check_bitop_pr(__test_and_clear_bit);
80 __check_bitop_pr(__test_and_change_bit);
81 __check_bitop_pr(test_bit);
82 __check_bitop_pr(test_bit_acquire);
83 
84 #undef __check_bitop_pr
85 
get_bitmask_order(unsigned int count)86 static inline int get_bitmask_order(unsigned int count)
87 {
88 	int order;
89 
90 	order = fls(count);
91 	return order;	/* We could be slightly more clever with -1 here... */
92 }
93 
hweight_long(unsigned long w)94 static __always_inline unsigned long hweight_long(unsigned long w)
95 {
96 	return sizeof(w) == 4 ? hweight32(w) : hweight64((__u64)w);
97 }
98 
99 /**
100  * rol64 - rotate a 64-bit value left
101  * @word: value to rotate
102  * @shift: bits to roll
103  */
rol64(__u64 word,unsigned int shift)104 static inline __u64 rol64(__u64 word, unsigned int shift)
105 {
106 	return (word << (shift & 63)) | (word >> ((-shift) & 63));
107 }
108 
109 /**
110  * ror64 - rotate a 64-bit value right
111  * @word: value to rotate
112  * @shift: bits to roll
113  */
ror64(__u64 word,unsigned int shift)114 static inline __u64 ror64(__u64 word, unsigned int shift)
115 {
116 	return (word >> (shift & 63)) | (word << ((-shift) & 63));
117 }
118 
119 /**
120  * rol32 - rotate a 32-bit value left
121  * @word: value to rotate
122  * @shift: bits to roll
123  */
rol32(__u32 word,unsigned int shift)124 static inline __u32 rol32(__u32 word, unsigned int shift)
125 {
126 	return (word << (shift & 31)) | (word >> ((-shift) & 31));
127 }
128 
129 /**
130  * ror32 - rotate a 32-bit value right
131  * @word: value to rotate
132  * @shift: bits to roll
133  */
ror32(__u32 word,unsigned int shift)134 static inline __u32 ror32(__u32 word, unsigned int shift)
135 {
136 	return (word >> (shift & 31)) | (word << ((-shift) & 31));
137 }
138 
139 /**
140  * rol16 - rotate a 16-bit value left
141  * @word: value to rotate
142  * @shift: bits to roll
143  */
rol16(__u16 word,unsigned int shift)144 static inline __u16 rol16(__u16 word, unsigned int shift)
145 {
146 	return (word << (shift & 15)) | (word >> ((-shift) & 15));
147 }
148 
149 /**
150  * ror16 - rotate a 16-bit value right
151  * @word: value to rotate
152  * @shift: bits to roll
153  */
ror16(__u16 word,unsigned int shift)154 static inline __u16 ror16(__u16 word, unsigned int shift)
155 {
156 	return (word >> (shift & 15)) | (word << ((-shift) & 15));
157 }
158 
159 /**
160  * rol8 - rotate an 8-bit value left
161  * @word: value to rotate
162  * @shift: bits to roll
163  */
rol8(__u8 word,unsigned int shift)164 static inline __u8 rol8(__u8 word, unsigned int shift)
165 {
166 	return (word << (shift & 7)) | (word >> ((-shift) & 7));
167 }
168 
169 /**
170  * ror8 - rotate an 8-bit value right
171  * @word: value to rotate
172  * @shift: bits to roll
173  */
ror8(__u8 word,unsigned int shift)174 static inline __u8 ror8(__u8 word, unsigned int shift)
175 {
176 	return (word >> (shift & 7)) | (word << ((-shift) & 7));
177 }
178 
179 /**
180  * sign_extend32 - sign extend a 32-bit value using specified bit as sign-bit
181  * @value: value to sign extend
182  * @index: 0 based bit index (0<=index<32) to sign bit
183  *
184  * This is safe to use for 16- and 8-bit types as well.
185  */
sign_extend32(__u32 value,int index)186 static __always_inline __s32 sign_extend32(__u32 value, int index)
187 {
188 	__u8 shift = 31 - index;
189 	return (__s32)(value << shift) >> shift;
190 }
191 
192 /**
193  * sign_extend64 - sign extend a 64-bit value using specified bit as sign-bit
194  * @value: value to sign extend
195  * @index: 0 based bit index (0<=index<64) to sign bit
196  */
sign_extend64(__u64 value,int index)197 static __always_inline __s64 sign_extend64(__u64 value, int index)
198 {
199 	__u8 shift = 63 - index;
200 	return (__s64)(value << shift) >> shift;
201 }
202 
fls_long(unsigned long l)203 static inline unsigned int fls_long(unsigned long l)
204 {
205 	if (sizeof(l) == 4)
206 		return fls(l);
207 	return fls64(l);
208 }
209 
get_count_order(unsigned int count)210 static inline int get_count_order(unsigned int count)
211 {
212 	if (count == 0)
213 		return -1;
214 
215 	return fls(--count);
216 }
217 
218 /**
219  * get_count_order_long - get order after rounding @l up to power of 2
220  * @l: parameter
221  *
222  * it is same as get_count_order() but with long type parameter
223  */
get_count_order_long(unsigned long l)224 static inline int get_count_order_long(unsigned long l)
225 {
226 	if (l == 0UL)
227 		return -1;
228 	return (int)fls_long(--l);
229 }
230 
231 /**
232  * parity8 - get the parity of an u8 value
233  * @value: the value to be examined
234  *
235  * Determine the parity of the u8 argument.
236  *
237  * Returns:
238  * 0 for even parity, 1 for odd parity
239  *
240  * Note: This function informs you about the current parity. Example to bail
241  * out when parity is odd:
242  *
243  *	if (parity8(val) == 1)
244  *		return -EBADMSG;
245  *
246  * If you need to calculate a parity bit, you need to draw the conclusion from
247  * this result yourself. Example to enforce odd parity, parity bit is bit 7:
248  *
249  *	if (parity8(val) == 0)
250  *		val ^= BIT(7);
251  */
parity8(u8 val)252 static inline int parity8(u8 val)
253 {
254 	/*
255 	 * One explanation of this algorithm:
256 	 * https://funloop.org/codex/problem/parity/README.html
257 	 */
258 	val ^= val >> 4;
259 	return (0x6996 >> (val & 0xf)) & 1;
260 }
261 
262 /**
263  * __ffs64 - find first set bit in a 64 bit word
264  * @word: The 64 bit word
265  *
266  * On 64 bit arches this is a synonym for __ffs
267  * The result is not defined if no bits are set, so check that @word
268  * is non-zero before calling this.
269  */
__ffs64(u64 word)270 static inline unsigned int __ffs64(u64 word)
271 {
272 #if BITS_PER_LONG == 32
273 	if (((u32)word) == 0UL)
274 		return __ffs((u32)(word >> 32)) + 32;
275 #elif BITS_PER_LONG != 64
276 #error BITS_PER_LONG not 32 or 64
277 #endif
278 	return __ffs((unsigned long)word);
279 }
280 
281 /**
282  * fns - find N'th set bit in a word
283  * @word: The word to search
284  * @n: Bit to find
285  */
fns(unsigned long word,unsigned int n)286 static inline unsigned int fns(unsigned long word, unsigned int n)
287 {
288 	while (word && n--)
289 		word &= word - 1;
290 
291 	return word ? __ffs(word) : BITS_PER_LONG;
292 }
293 
294 /**
295  * assign_bit - Assign value to a bit in memory
296  * @nr: the bit to set
297  * @addr: the address to start counting from
298  * @value: the value to assign
299  */
300 #define assign_bit(nr, addr, value)					\
301 	((value) ? set_bit((nr), (addr)) : clear_bit((nr), (addr)))
302 
303 #define __assign_bit(nr, addr, value)					\
304 	((value) ? __set_bit((nr), (addr)) : __clear_bit((nr), (addr)))
305 
306 /**
307  * __ptr_set_bit - Set bit in a pointer's value
308  * @nr: the bit to set
309  * @addr: the address of the pointer variable
310  *
311  * Example:
312  *	void *p = foo();
313  *	__ptr_set_bit(bit, &p);
314  */
315 #define __ptr_set_bit(nr, addr)                         \
316 	({                                              \
317 		typecheck_pointer(*(addr));             \
318 		__set_bit(nr, (unsigned long *)(addr)); \
319 	})
320 
321 /**
322  * __ptr_clear_bit - Clear bit in a pointer's value
323  * @nr: the bit to clear
324  * @addr: the address of the pointer variable
325  *
326  * Example:
327  *	void *p = foo();
328  *	__ptr_clear_bit(bit, &p);
329  */
330 #define __ptr_clear_bit(nr, addr)                         \
331 	({                                                \
332 		typecheck_pointer(*(addr));               \
333 		__clear_bit(nr, (unsigned long *)(addr)); \
334 	})
335 
336 /**
337  * __ptr_test_bit - Test bit in a pointer's value
338  * @nr: the bit to test
339  * @addr: the address of the pointer variable
340  *
341  * Example:
342  *	void *p = foo();
343  *	if (__ptr_test_bit(bit, &p)) {
344  *	        ...
345  *	} else {
346  *		...
347  *	}
348  */
349 #define __ptr_test_bit(nr, addr)                       \
350 	({                                             \
351 		typecheck_pointer(*(addr));            \
352 		test_bit(nr, (unsigned long *)(addr)); \
353 	})
354 
355 #ifdef __KERNEL__
356 
357 #ifndef set_mask_bits
358 #define set_mask_bits(ptr, mask, bits)	\
359 ({								\
360 	const typeof(*(ptr)) mask__ = (mask), bits__ = (bits);	\
361 	typeof(*(ptr)) old__, new__;				\
362 								\
363 	old__ = READ_ONCE(*(ptr));				\
364 	do {							\
365 		new__ = (old__ & ~mask__) | bits__;		\
366 	} while (!try_cmpxchg(ptr, &old__, new__));		\
367 								\
368 	old__;							\
369 })
370 #endif
371 
372 #ifndef bit_clear_unless
373 #define bit_clear_unless(ptr, clear, test)	\
374 ({								\
375 	const typeof(*(ptr)) clear__ = (clear), test__ = (test);\
376 	typeof(*(ptr)) old__, new__;				\
377 								\
378 	old__ = READ_ONCE(*(ptr));				\
379 	do {							\
380 		if (old__ & test__)				\
381 			break;					\
382 		new__ = old__ & ~clear__;			\
383 	} while (!try_cmpxchg(ptr, &old__, new__));		\
384 								\
385 	!(old__ & test__);					\
386 })
387 #endif
388 
389 #endif /* __KERNEL__ */
390 #endif
391