xref: /linux/include/linux/bitops.h (revision a970ed18812d0cf5e1f54401403300bb35b36433)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2 #ifndef _LINUX_BITOPS_H
3 #define _LINUX_BITOPS_H
4 
5 #include <asm/types.h>
6 #include <linux/bits.h>
7 #include <linux/typecheck.h>
8 
9 #include <uapi/linux/kernel.h>
10 
11 #define BITS_TO_LONGS(nr)	__KERNEL_DIV_ROUND_UP(nr, BITS_PER_TYPE(long))
12 #define BITS_TO_U64(nr)		__KERNEL_DIV_ROUND_UP(nr, BITS_PER_TYPE(u64))
13 #define BITS_TO_U32(nr)		__KERNEL_DIV_ROUND_UP(nr, BITS_PER_TYPE(u32))
14 #define BITS_TO_BYTES(nr)	__KERNEL_DIV_ROUND_UP(nr, BITS_PER_TYPE(char))
15 
16 #define BYTES_TO_BITS(nb)	((nb) * BITS_PER_BYTE)
17 
18 extern unsigned int __sw_hweight8(unsigned int w);
19 extern unsigned int __sw_hweight16(unsigned int w);
20 extern unsigned int __sw_hweight32(unsigned int w);
21 extern unsigned long __sw_hweight64(__u64 w);
22 
23 /*
24  * Defined here because those may be needed by architecture-specific static
25  * inlines.
26  */
27 
28 #include <asm-generic/bitops/generic-non-atomic.h>
29 
30 /*
31  * Many architecture-specific non-atomic bitops contain inline asm code and due
32  * to that the compiler can't optimize them to compile-time expressions or
33  * constants. In contrary, generic_*() helpers are defined in pure C and
34  * compilers optimize them just well.
35  * Therefore, to make `unsigned long foo = 0; __set_bit(BAR, &foo)` effectively
36  * equal to `unsigned long foo = BIT(BAR)`, pick the generic C alternative when
37  * the arguments can be resolved at compile time. That expression itself is a
38  * constant and doesn't bring any functional changes to the rest of cases.
39  * The casts to `uintptr_t` are needed to mitigate `-Waddress` warnings when
40  * passing a bitmap from .bss or .data (-> `!!addr` is always true).
41  */
42 #define bitop(op, nr, addr)						\
43 	((__builtin_constant_p(nr) &&					\
44 	  __builtin_constant_p((uintptr_t)(addr) != (uintptr_t)NULL) &&	\
45 	  (uintptr_t)(addr) != (uintptr_t)NULL &&			\
46 	  __builtin_constant_p(*(const unsigned long *)(addr))) ?	\
47 	 const##op(nr, addr) : op(nr, addr))
48 
49 /*
50  * The following macros are non-atomic versions of their non-underscored
51  * counterparts.
52  */
53 #define __set_bit(nr, addr)		bitop(___set_bit, nr, addr)
54 #define __clear_bit(nr, addr)		bitop(___clear_bit, nr, addr)
55 #define __change_bit(nr, addr)		bitop(___change_bit, nr, addr)
56 #define __test_and_set_bit(nr, addr)	bitop(___test_and_set_bit, nr, addr)
57 #define __test_and_clear_bit(nr, addr)	bitop(___test_and_clear_bit, nr, addr)
58 #define __test_and_change_bit(nr, addr)	bitop(___test_and_change_bit, nr, addr)
59 
60 #define test_bit(nr, addr)		bitop(_test_bit, nr, addr)
61 #define test_bit_acquire(nr, addr)	bitop(_test_bit_acquire, nr, addr)
62 
63 /*
64  * Include this here because some architectures need generic_ffs/fls in
65  * scope
66  */
67 #include <asm/bitops.h>
68 
69 /* Check that the bitops prototypes are sane */
70 #define __check_bitop_pr(name)						\
71 	static_assert(__same_type(arch_##name, generic_##name) &&	\
72 		      __same_type(const_##name, generic_##name) &&	\
73 		      __same_type(_##name, generic_##name))
74 
75 __check_bitop_pr(__set_bit);
76 __check_bitop_pr(__clear_bit);
77 __check_bitop_pr(__change_bit);
78 __check_bitop_pr(__test_and_set_bit);
79 __check_bitop_pr(__test_and_clear_bit);
80 __check_bitop_pr(__test_and_change_bit);
81 __check_bitop_pr(test_bit);
82 __check_bitop_pr(test_bit_acquire);
83 
84 #undef __check_bitop_pr
85 
get_bitmask_order(unsigned int count)86 static inline int get_bitmask_order(unsigned int count)
87 {
88 	int order;
89 
90 	order = fls(count);
91 	return order;	/* We could be slightly more clever with -1 here... */
92 }
93 
hweight_long(unsigned long w)94 static __always_inline unsigned long hweight_long(unsigned long w)
95 {
96 	return sizeof(w) == 4 ? hweight32(w) : hweight64((__u64)w);
97 }
98 
99 /**
100  * rol64 - rotate a 64-bit value left
101  * @word: value to rotate
102  * @shift: bits to roll
103  */
rol64(__u64 word,unsigned int shift)104 static inline __u64 rol64(__u64 word, unsigned int shift)
105 {
106 	return (word << (shift & 63)) | (word >> ((-shift) & 63));
107 }
108 
109 /**
110  * ror64 - rotate a 64-bit value right
111  * @word: value to rotate
112  * @shift: bits to roll
113  */
ror64(__u64 word,unsigned int shift)114 static inline __u64 ror64(__u64 word, unsigned int shift)
115 {
116 	return (word >> (shift & 63)) | (word << ((-shift) & 63));
117 }
118 
119 /**
120  * rol32 - rotate a 32-bit value left
121  * @word: value to rotate
122  * @shift: bits to roll
123  */
rol32(__u32 word,unsigned int shift)124 static inline __u32 rol32(__u32 word, unsigned int shift)
125 {
126 	return (word << (shift & 31)) | (word >> ((-shift) & 31));
127 }
128 
129 /**
130  * ror32 - rotate a 32-bit value right
131  * @word: value to rotate
132  * @shift: bits to roll
133  */
ror32(__u32 word,unsigned int shift)134 static inline __u32 ror32(__u32 word, unsigned int shift)
135 {
136 	return (word >> (shift & 31)) | (word << ((-shift) & 31));
137 }
138 
139 /**
140  * rol16 - rotate a 16-bit value left
141  * @word: value to rotate
142  * @shift: bits to roll
143  */
rol16(__u16 word,unsigned int shift)144 static inline __u16 rol16(__u16 word, unsigned int shift)
145 {
146 	return (word << (shift & 15)) | (word >> ((-shift) & 15));
147 }
148 
149 /**
150  * ror16 - rotate a 16-bit value right
151  * @word: value to rotate
152  * @shift: bits to roll
153  */
ror16(__u16 word,unsigned int shift)154 static inline __u16 ror16(__u16 word, unsigned int shift)
155 {
156 	return (word >> (shift & 15)) | (word << ((-shift) & 15));
157 }
158 
159 /**
160  * rol8 - rotate an 8-bit value left
161  * @word: value to rotate
162  * @shift: bits to roll
163  */
rol8(__u8 word,unsigned int shift)164 static inline __u8 rol8(__u8 word, unsigned int shift)
165 {
166 	return (word << (shift & 7)) | (word >> ((-shift) & 7));
167 }
168 
169 /**
170  * ror8 - rotate an 8-bit value right
171  * @word: value to rotate
172  * @shift: bits to roll
173  */
ror8(__u8 word,unsigned int shift)174 static inline __u8 ror8(__u8 word, unsigned int shift)
175 {
176 	return (word >> (shift & 7)) | (word << ((-shift) & 7));
177 }
178 
179 /**
180  * sign_extend32 - sign extend a 32-bit value using specified bit as sign-bit
181  * @value: value to sign extend
182  * @index: 0 based bit index (0 <= index < 32) to sign bit
183  *
184  * This is safe to use for 16- and 8-bit types as well.
185  *
186  * Return: 32-bit sign extended value
187  */
sign_extend32(__u32 value,int index)188 static __always_inline __s32 sign_extend32(__u32 value, int index)
189 {
190 	__u8 shift = 31 - index;
191 	return (__s32)(value << shift) >> shift;
192 }
193 
194 /**
195  * sign_extend64 - sign extend a 64-bit value using specified bit as sign-bit
196  * @value: value to sign extend
197  * @index: 0 based bit index (0 <= index < 64) to sign bit
198  *
199  * This is safe to use for 32-, 16- and 8-bit types as well.
200  *
201  * Return: 64-bit sign extended value
202  */
sign_extend64(__u64 value,int index)203 static __always_inline __s64 sign_extend64(__u64 value, int index)
204 {
205 	__u8 shift = 63 - index;
206 	return (__s64)(value << shift) >> shift;
207 }
208 
fls_long(unsigned long l)209 static inline unsigned int fls_long(unsigned long l)
210 {
211 	if (sizeof(l) == 4)
212 		return fls(l);
213 	return fls64(l);
214 }
215 
get_count_order(unsigned int count)216 static inline int get_count_order(unsigned int count)
217 {
218 	if (count == 0)
219 		return -1;
220 
221 	return fls(--count);
222 }
223 
224 /**
225  * get_count_order_long - get order after rounding @l up to power of 2
226  * @l: parameter
227  *
228  * it is same as get_count_order() but with long type parameter
229  */
get_count_order_long(unsigned long l)230 static inline int get_count_order_long(unsigned long l)
231 {
232 	if (l == 0UL)
233 		return -1;
234 	return (int)fls_long(--l);
235 }
236 
237 /**
238  * parity8 - get the parity of an u8 value
239  * @val: the value to be examined
240  *
241  * Determine the parity of the u8 argument.
242  *
243  * Returns:
244  * 0 for even parity, 1 for odd parity
245  *
246  * Note: This function informs you about the current parity. Example to bail
247  * out when parity is odd:
248  *
249  *	if (parity8(val) == 1)
250  *		return -EBADMSG;
251  *
252  * If you need to calculate a parity bit, you need to draw the conclusion from
253  * this result yourself. Example to enforce odd parity, parity bit is bit 7:
254  *
255  *	if (parity8(val) == 0)
256  *		val ^= BIT(7);
257  */
parity8(u8 val)258 static inline int parity8(u8 val)
259 {
260 	/*
261 	 * One explanation of this algorithm:
262 	 * https://funloop.org/codex/problem/parity/README.html
263 	 */
264 	val ^= val >> 4;
265 	return (0x6996 >> (val & 0xf)) & 1;
266 }
267 
268 /**
269  * __ffs64 - find first set bit in a 64 bit word
270  * @word: The 64 bit word
271  *
272  * On 64 bit arches this is a synonym for __ffs
273  * The result is not defined if no bits are set, so check that @word
274  * is non-zero before calling this.
275  */
__ffs64(u64 word)276 static inline __attribute_const__ unsigned int __ffs64(u64 word)
277 {
278 #if BITS_PER_LONG == 32
279 	if (((u32)word) == 0UL)
280 		return __ffs((u32)(word >> 32)) + 32;
281 #elif BITS_PER_LONG != 64
282 #error BITS_PER_LONG not 32 or 64
283 #endif
284 	return __ffs((unsigned long)word);
285 }
286 
287 /**
288  * fns - find N'th set bit in a word
289  * @word: The word to search
290  * @n: Bit to find
291  */
fns(unsigned long word,unsigned int n)292 static inline unsigned int fns(unsigned long word, unsigned int n)
293 {
294 	while (word && n--)
295 		word &= word - 1;
296 
297 	return word ? __ffs(word) : BITS_PER_LONG;
298 }
299 
300 /**
301  * assign_bit - Assign value to a bit in memory
302  * @nr: the bit to set
303  * @addr: the address to start counting from
304  * @value: the value to assign
305  */
306 #define assign_bit(nr, addr, value)					\
307 	((value) ? set_bit((nr), (addr)) : clear_bit((nr), (addr)))
308 
309 #define __assign_bit(nr, addr, value)					\
310 	((value) ? __set_bit((nr), (addr)) : __clear_bit((nr), (addr)))
311 
312 /**
313  * __ptr_set_bit - Set bit in a pointer's value
314  * @nr: the bit to set
315  * @addr: the address of the pointer variable
316  *
317  * Example:
318  *	void *p = foo();
319  *	__ptr_set_bit(bit, &p);
320  */
321 #define __ptr_set_bit(nr, addr)                         \
322 	({                                              \
323 		typecheck_pointer(*(addr));             \
324 		__set_bit(nr, (unsigned long *)(addr)); \
325 	})
326 
327 /**
328  * __ptr_clear_bit - Clear bit in a pointer's value
329  * @nr: the bit to clear
330  * @addr: the address of the pointer variable
331  *
332  * Example:
333  *	void *p = foo();
334  *	__ptr_clear_bit(bit, &p);
335  */
336 #define __ptr_clear_bit(nr, addr)                         \
337 	({                                                \
338 		typecheck_pointer(*(addr));               \
339 		__clear_bit(nr, (unsigned long *)(addr)); \
340 	})
341 
342 /**
343  * __ptr_test_bit - Test bit in a pointer's value
344  * @nr: the bit to test
345  * @addr: the address of the pointer variable
346  *
347  * Example:
348  *	void *p = foo();
349  *	if (__ptr_test_bit(bit, &p)) {
350  *	        ...
351  *	} else {
352  *		...
353  *	}
354  */
355 #define __ptr_test_bit(nr, addr)                       \
356 	({                                             \
357 		typecheck_pointer(*(addr));            \
358 		test_bit(nr, (unsigned long *)(addr)); \
359 	})
360 
361 #ifdef __KERNEL__
362 
363 #ifndef set_mask_bits
364 #define set_mask_bits(ptr, mask, bits)	\
365 ({								\
366 	const typeof(*(ptr)) mask__ = (mask), bits__ = (bits);	\
367 	typeof(*(ptr)) old__, new__;				\
368 								\
369 	old__ = READ_ONCE(*(ptr));				\
370 	do {							\
371 		new__ = (old__ & ~mask__) | bits__;		\
372 	} while (!try_cmpxchg(ptr, &old__, new__));		\
373 								\
374 	old__;							\
375 })
376 #endif
377 
378 #ifndef bit_clear_unless
379 #define bit_clear_unless(ptr, clear, test)	\
380 ({								\
381 	const typeof(*(ptr)) clear__ = (clear), test__ = (test);\
382 	typeof(*(ptr)) old__, new__;				\
383 								\
384 	old__ = READ_ONCE(*(ptr));				\
385 	do {							\
386 		if (old__ & test__)				\
387 			break;					\
388 		new__ = old__ & ~clear__;			\
389 	} while (!try_cmpxchg(ptr, &old__, new__));		\
390 								\
391 	!(old__ & test__);					\
392 })
393 #endif
394 
395 #endif /* __KERNEL__ */
396 #endif
397