xref: /linux/fs/fat/fat.h (revision fc825e513cd494cfcbeb47acf5738fe64f3a9051)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2 #ifndef _FAT_H
3 #define _FAT_H
4 
5 #include <linux/buffer_head.h>
6 #include <linux/nls.h>
7 #include <linux/hash.h>
8 #include <linux/ratelimit.h>
9 #include <linux/msdos_fs.h>
10 #include <linux/fs_context.h>
11 #include <linux/fs_parser.h>
12 
13 /*
14  * vfat shortname flags
15  */
16 #define VFAT_SFN_DISPLAY_LOWER	0x0001 /* convert to lowercase for display */
17 #define VFAT_SFN_DISPLAY_WIN95	0x0002 /* emulate win95 rule for display */
18 #define VFAT_SFN_DISPLAY_WINNT	0x0004 /* emulate winnt rule for display */
19 #define VFAT_SFN_CREATE_WIN95	0x0100 /* emulate win95 rule for create */
20 #define VFAT_SFN_CREATE_WINNT	0x0200 /* emulate winnt rule for create */
21 
22 #define FAT_ERRORS_CONT		1      /* ignore error and continue */
23 #define FAT_ERRORS_PANIC	2      /* panic on error */
24 #define FAT_ERRORS_RO		3      /* remount r/o on error */
25 
26 #define FAT_NFS_STALE_RW	1      /* NFS RW support, can cause ESTALE */
27 #define FAT_NFS_NOSTALE_RO	2      /* NFS RO support, no ESTALE issue */
28 
29 struct fat_mount_options {
30 	kuid_t fs_uid;
31 	kgid_t fs_gid;
32 	unsigned short fs_fmask;
33 	unsigned short fs_dmask;
34 	unsigned short codepage;   /* Codepage for shortname conversions */
35 	int time_offset;	   /* Offset of timestamps from UTC (in minutes) */
36 	char *iocharset;           /* Charset used for filename input/display */
37 	unsigned short shortname;  /* flags for shortname display/create rule */
38 	unsigned char name_check;  /* r = relaxed, n = normal, s = strict */
39 	unsigned char errors;	   /* On error: continue, panic, remount-ro */
40 	unsigned char nfs;	  /* NFS support: nostale_ro, stale_rw */
41 	unsigned short allow_utime;/* permission for setting the [am]time */
42 	unsigned quiet:1,          /* set = fake successful chmods and chowns */
43 		 showexec:1,       /* set = only set x bit for com/exe/bat */
44 		 sys_immutable:1,  /* set = system files are immutable */
45 		 dotsOK:1,         /* set = hidden and system files are named '.filename' */
46 		 isvfat:1,         /* 0=no vfat long filename support, 1=vfat support */
47 		 utf8:1,	   /* Use of UTF-8 character set (Default) */
48 		 unicode_xlate:1,  /* create escape sequences for unhandled Unicode */
49 		 numtail:1,        /* Does first alias have a numeric '~1' type tail? */
50 		 flush:1,	   /* write things quickly */
51 		 nocase:1,	   /* Does this need case conversion? 0=need case conversion*/
52 		 usefree:1,	   /* Use free_clusters for FAT32 */
53 		 tz_set:1,	   /* Filesystem timestamps' offset set */
54 		 rodir:1,	   /* allow ATTR_RO for directory */
55 		 discard:1,	   /* Issue discard requests on deletions */
56 		 dos1xfloppy:1,	   /* Assume default BPB for DOS 1.x floppies */
57 		 debug:1;	   /* Not currently used */
58 };
59 
60 #define FAT_HASH_BITS	8
61 #define FAT_HASH_SIZE	(1UL << FAT_HASH_BITS)
62 
63 /*
64  * MS-DOS file system in-core superblock data
65  */
66 struct msdos_sb_info {
67 	unsigned short sec_per_clus;  /* sectors/cluster */
68 	unsigned short cluster_bits;  /* log2(cluster_size) */
69 	unsigned int cluster_size;    /* cluster size */
70 	unsigned char fats, fat_bits; /* number of FATs, FAT bits (12,16 or 32) */
71 	unsigned short fat_start;
72 	unsigned long fat_length;     /* FAT start & length (sec.) */
73 	unsigned long dir_start;
74 	unsigned short dir_entries;   /* root dir start & entries */
75 	unsigned long data_start;     /* first data sector */
76 	unsigned long max_cluster;    /* maximum cluster number */
77 	unsigned long root_cluster;   /* first cluster of the root directory */
78 	unsigned long fsinfo_sector;  /* sector number of FAT32 fsinfo */
79 	struct mutex fat_lock;
80 	struct mutex nfs_build_inode_lock;
81 	struct mutex s_lock;
82 	unsigned int prev_free;      /* previously allocated cluster number */
83 	unsigned int free_clusters;  /* -1 if undefined */
84 	unsigned int free_clus_valid; /* is free_clusters valid? */
85 	struct fat_mount_options options;
86 	struct nls_table *nls_disk;   /* Codepage used on disk */
87 	struct nls_table *nls_io;     /* Charset used for input and display */
88 	const void *dir_ops;	      /* Opaque; default directory operations */
89 	int dir_per_block;	      /* dir entries per block */
90 	int dir_per_block_bits;	      /* log2(dir_per_block) */
91 	unsigned int vol_id;		/*volume ID*/
92 
93 	int fatent_shift;
94 	const struct fatent_operations *fatent_ops;
95 	struct inode *fat_inode;
96 	struct inode *fsinfo_inode;
97 
98 	struct ratelimit_state ratelimit;
99 
100 	spinlock_t inode_hash_lock;
101 	struct hlist_head inode_hashtable[FAT_HASH_SIZE];
102 
103 	spinlock_t dir_hash_lock;
104 	struct hlist_head dir_hashtable[FAT_HASH_SIZE];
105 
106 	unsigned int dirty;           /* fs state before mount */
107 	struct rcu_head rcu;
108 };
109 
110 #define FAT_CACHE_VALID	0	/* special case for valid cache */
111 
112 /*
113  * MS-DOS file system inode data in memory
114  */
115 struct msdos_inode_info {
116 	spinlock_t cache_lru_lock;
117 	struct list_head cache_lru;
118 	int nr_caches;
119 	/* for avoiding the race between fat_free() and fat_get_cluster() */
120 	unsigned int cache_valid_id;
121 
122 	/* NOTE: mmu_private is 64bits, so must hold ->i_mutex to access */
123 	loff_t mmu_private;	/* physically allocated size */
124 
125 	int i_start;		/* first cluster or 0 */
126 	int i_logstart;		/* logical first cluster */
127 	int i_attrs;		/* unused attribute bits */
128 	loff_t i_pos;		/* on-disk position of directory entry or 0 */
129 	struct hlist_node i_fat_hash;	/* hash by i_location */
130 	struct hlist_node i_dir_hash;	/* hash by i_logstart */
131 	struct rw_semaphore truncate_lock; /* protect bmap against truncate */
132 	struct timespec64 i_crtime;	/* File creation (birth) time */
133 	struct mapping_metadata_bhs i_metadata_bhs;
134 	struct inode vfs_inode;
135 };
136 
137 struct fat_slot_info {
138 	loff_t i_pos;		/* on-disk position of directory entry */
139 	loff_t slot_off;	/* offset for slot or de start */
140 	int nr_slots;		/* number of slots + 1(de) in filename */
141 	struct msdos_dir_entry *de;
142 	struct buffer_head *bh;
143 };
144 
MSDOS_SB(struct super_block * sb)145 static inline struct msdos_sb_info *MSDOS_SB(struct super_block *sb)
146 {
147 	return sb->s_fs_info;
148 }
149 
150 /*
151  * Functions that determine the variant of the FAT file system (i.e.,
152  * whether this is FAT12, FAT16 or FAT32.
153  */
is_fat12(const struct msdos_sb_info * sbi)154 static inline bool is_fat12(const struct msdos_sb_info *sbi)
155 {
156 	return sbi->fat_bits == 12;
157 }
158 
is_fat16(const struct msdos_sb_info * sbi)159 static inline bool is_fat16(const struct msdos_sb_info *sbi)
160 {
161 	return sbi->fat_bits == 16;
162 }
163 
is_fat32(const struct msdos_sb_info * sbi)164 static inline bool is_fat32(const struct msdos_sb_info *sbi)
165 {
166 	return sbi->fat_bits == 32;
167 }
168 
169 /* Maximum number of clusters */
max_fat(struct super_block * sb)170 static inline u32 max_fat(struct super_block *sb)
171 {
172 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(sb);
173 
174 	return is_fat32(sbi) ? MAX_FAT32 :
175 		is_fat16(sbi) ? MAX_FAT16 : MAX_FAT12;
176 }
177 
MSDOS_I(struct inode * inode)178 static inline struct msdos_inode_info *MSDOS_I(struct inode *inode)
179 {
180 	return container_of(inode, struct msdos_inode_info, vfs_inode);
181 }
182 
183 /*
184  * If ->i_mode can't hold S_IWUGO (i.e. ATTR_RO), we use ->i_attrs to
185  * save ATTR_RO instead of ->i_mode.
186  *
187  * If it's directory and !sbi->options.rodir, ATTR_RO isn't read-only
188  * bit, it's just used as flag for app.
189  */
fat_mode_can_hold_ro(struct inode * inode)190 static inline int fat_mode_can_hold_ro(struct inode *inode)
191 {
192 	struct msdos_sb_info *sbi = MSDOS_SB(inode->i_sb);
193 	umode_t mask;
194 
195 	if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)) {
196 		if (!sbi->options.rodir)
197 			return 0;
198 		mask = ~sbi->options.fs_dmask;
199 	} else
200 		mask = ~sbi->options.fs_fmask;
201 
202 	if (!(mask & S_IWUGO))
203 		return 0;
204 	return 1;
205 }
206 
207 /* Convert attribute bits and a mask to the UNIX mode. */
fat_make_mode(struct msdos_sb_info * sbi,u8 attrs,umode_t mode)208 static inline umode_t fat_make_mode(struct msdos_sb_info *sbi,
209 				   u8 attrs, umode_t mode)
210 {
211 	if (attrs & ATTR_RO && !((attrs & ATTR_DIR) && !sbi->options.rodir))
212 		mode &= ~S_IWUGO;
213 
214 	if (attrs & ATTR_DIR)
215 		return (mode & ~sbi->options.fs_dmask) | S_IFDIR;
216 	else
217 		return (mode & ~sbi->options.fs_fmask) | S_IFREG;
218 }
219 
220 /* Return the FAT attribute byte for this inode */
fat_make_attrs(struct inode * inode)221 static inline u8 fat_make_attrs(struct inode *inode)
222 {
223 	u8 attrs = MSDOS_I(inode)->i_attrs;
224 	if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
225 		attrs |= ATTR_DIR;
226 	if (fat_mode_can_hold_ro(inode) && !(inode->i_mode & S_IWUGO))
227 		attrs |= ATTR_RO;
228 	return attrs;
229 }
230 
fat_save_attrs(struct inode * inode,u8 attrs)231 static inline void fat_save_attrs(struct inode *inode, u8 attrs)
232 {
233 	if (fat_mode_can_hold_ro(inode))
234 		MSDOS_I(inode)->i_attrs = attrs & ATTR_UNUSED;
235 	else
236 		MSDOS_I(inode)->i_attrs = attrs & (ATTR_UNUSED | ATTR_RO);
237 }
238 
fat_checksum(const __u8 * name)239 static inline unsigned char fat_checksum(const __u8 *name)
240 {
241 	unsigned char s = name[0];
242 	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[1];	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[2];
243 	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[3];	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[4];
244 	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[5];	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[6];
245 	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[7];	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[8];
246 	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[9];	s = (s<<7) + (s>>1) + name[10];
247 	return s;
248 }
249 
fat_clus_to_blknr(struct msdos_sb_info * sbi,int clus)250 static inline sector_t fat_clus_to_blknr(struct msdos_sb_info *sbi, int clus)
251 {
252 	return ((sector_t)clus - FAT_START_ENT) * sbi->sec_per_clus
253 		+ sbi->data_start;
254 }
255 
fat_get_blknr_offset(struct msdos_sb_info * sbi,loff_t i_pos,sector_t * blknr,int * offset)256 static inline void fat_get_blknr_offset(struct msdos_sb_info *sbi,
257 				loff_t i_pos, sector_t *blknr, int *offset)
258 {
259 	*blknr = i_pos >> sbi->dir_per_block_bits;
260 	*offset = i_pos & (sbi->dir_per_block - 1);
261 }
262 
fat_i_pos_read(struct msdos_sb_info * sbi,struct inode * inode)263 static inline loff_t fat_i_pos_read(struct msdos_sb_info *sbi,
264 					struct inode *inode)
265 {
266 	loff_t i_pos;
267 #if BITS_PER_LONG == 32
268 	spin_lock(&sbi->inode_hash_lock);
269 #endif
270 	i_pos = MSDOS_I(inode)->i_pos;
271 #if BITS_PER_LONG == 32
272 	spin_unlock(&sbi->inode_hash_lock);
273 #endif
274 	return i_pos;
275 }
276 
fat16_towchar(wchar_t * dst,const __u8 * src,size_t len)277 static inline void fat16_towchar(wchar_t *dst, const __u8 *src, size_t len)
278 {
279 #ifdef __BIG_ENDIAN
280 	while (len--) {
281 		*dst++ = src[0] | (src[1] << 8);
282 		src += 2;
283 	}
284 #else
285 	memcpy(dst, src, len * 2);
286 #endif
287 }
288 
fat_get_start(const struct msdos_sb_info * sbi,const struct msdos_dir_entry * de)289 static inline int fat_get_start(const struct msdos_sb_info *sbi,
290 				const struct msdos_dir_entry *de)
291 {
292 	int cluster = le16_to_cpu(de->start);
293 	if (is_fat32(sbi))
294 		cluster |= (le16_to_cpu(de->starthi) << 16);
295 	return cluster;
296 }
297 
fat_set_start(struct msdos_dir_entry * de,int cluster)298 static inline void fat_set_start(struct msdos_dir_entry *de, int cluster)
299 {
300 	de->start   = cpu_to_le16(cluster);
301 	de->starthi = cpu_to_le16(cluster >> 16);
302 }
303 
fatwchar_to16(__u8 * dst,const wchar_t * src,size_t len)304 static inline void fatwchar_to16(__u8 *dst, const wchar_t *src, size_t len)
305 {
306 #ifdef __BIG_ENDIAN
307 	while (len--) {
308 		dst[0] = *src & 0x00FF;
309 		dst[1] = (*src & 0xFF00) >> 8;
310 		dst += 2;
311 		src++;
312 	}
313 #else
314 	memcpy(dst, src, len * 2);
315 #endif
316 }
317 
318 /* fat/cache.c */
319 extern void fat_cache_inval_inode(struct inode *inode);
320 extern int fat_get_cluster(struct inode *inode, int cluster,
321 			   int *fclus, int *dclus);
322 extern int fat_get_mapped_cluster(struct inode *inode, sector_t sector,
323 				  sector_t last_block,
324 				  unsigned long *mapped_blocks, sector_t *bmap);
325 extern int fat_bmap(struct inode *inode, sector_t sector, sector_t *phys,
326 		    unsigned long *mapped_blocks, int create, bool from_bmap);
327 
328 /* fat/dir.c */
329 extern const struct file_operations fat_dir_operations;
330 extern int fat_search_long(struct inode *inode, const unsigned char *name,
331 			   int name_len, struct fat_slot_info *sinfo);
332 extern int fat_dir_empty(struct inode *dir);
333 extern int fat_subdirs(struct inode *dir);
334 extern int fat_scan(struct inode *dir, const unsigned char *name,
335 		    struct fat_slot_info *sinfo);
336 extern int fat_scan_logstart(struct inode *dir, int i_logstart,
337 			     struct fat_slot_info *sinfo);
338 extern int fat_get_dotdot_entry(struct inode *dir, struct buffer_head **bh,
339 				struct msdos_dir_entry **de);
340 extern int fat_alloc_new_dir(struct inode *dir, struct timespec64 *ts);
341 extern int fat_add_entries(struct inode *dir, void *slots, int nr_slots,
342 			   struct fat_slot_info *sinfo);
343 extern int fat_remove_entries(struct inode *dir, struct fat_slot_info *sinfo);
344 
345 /* fat/fatent.c */
346 struct fat_entry {
347 	int entry;
348 	union {
349 		u8 *ent12_p[2];
350 		__le16 *ent16_p;
351 		__le32 *ent32_p;
352 	} u;
353 	int nr_bhs;
354 	struct buffer_head *bhs[2];
355 	struct inode *fat_inode;
356 };
357 
fatent_init(struct fat_entry * fatent)358 static inline void fatent_init(struct fat_entry *fatent)
359 {
360 	fatent->nr_bhs = 0;
361 	fatent->entry = 0;
362 	fatent->u.ent32_p = NULL;
363 	fatent->bhs[0] = fatent->bhs[1] = NULL;
364 	fatent->fat_inode = NULL;
365 }
366 
fatent_set_entry(struct fat_entry * fatent,int entry)367 static inline void fatent_set_entry(struct fat_entry *fatent, int entry)
368 {
369 	fatent->entry = entry;
370 	fatent->u.ent32_p = NULL;
371 }
372 
fatent_brelse(struct fat_entry * fatent)373 static inline void fatent_brelse(struct fat_entry *fatent)
374 {
375 	int i;
376 	fatent->u.ent32_p = NULL;
377 	for (i = 0; i < fatent->nr_bhs; i++)
378 		brelse(fatent->bhs[i]);
379 	fatent->nr_bhs = 0;
380 	fatent->bhs[0] = fatent->bhs[1] = NULL;
381 	fatent->fat_inode = NULL;
382 }
383 
fat_valid_entry(struct msdos_sb_info * sbi,int entry)384 static inline bool fat_valid_entry(struct msdos_sb_info *sbi, int entry)
385 {
386 	return FAT_START_ENT <= entry && entry < sbi->max_cluster;
387 }
388 
389 extern void fat_ent_access_init(struct super_block *sb);
390 extern int fat_ent_read(struct inode *inode, struct fat_entry *fatent,
391 			int entry);
392 extern int fat_ent_write(struct inode *inode, struct fat_entry *fatent,
393 			 int new, int wait);
394 extern int fat_alloc_clusters(struct inode *inode, int *cluster,
395 			      int nr_cluster);
396 extern int fat_free_clusters(struct inode *inode, int cluster);
397 extern int fat_count_free_clusters(struct super_block *sb);
398 extern int fat_trim_fs(struct inode *inode, struct fstrim_range *range);
399 
400 /* fat/file.c */
401 extern long fat_generic_ioctl(struct file *filp, unsigned int cmd,
402 			      unsigned long arg);
403 extern const struct file_operations fat_file_operations;
404 extern const struct inode_operations fat_file_inode_operations;
405 extern int fat_setattr(struct mnt_idmap *idmap, struct dentry *dentry,
406 		       struct iattr *attr);
407 extern void fat_truncate_blocks(struct inode *inode, loff_t offset);
408 extern int fat_getattr(struct mnt_idmap *idmap,
409 		       const struct path *path, struct kstat *stat,
410 		       u32 request_mask, unsigned int flags);
411 extern int fat_file_fsync(struct file *file, loff_t start, loff_t end,
412 			  int datasync);
413 
414 /* fat/inode.c */
415 extern int fat_block_truncate_page(struct inode *inode, loff_t from);
416 extern void fat_attach(struct inode *inode, loff_t i_pos);
417 extern void fat_detach(struct inode *inode);
418 extern struct inode *fat_iget(struct super_block *sb, loff_t i_pos);
419 extern struct inode *fat_build_inode(struct super_block *sb,
420 			struct msdos_dir_entry *de, loff_t i_pos);
421 extern int fat_sync_inode(struct inode *inode);
422 extern int fat_fill_super(struct super_block *sb, struct fs_context *fc,
423 			  void (*setup)(struct super_block *));
424 extern int fat_fill_inode(struct inode *inode, struct msdos_dir_entry *de);
425 
426 extern int fat_flush_inodes(struct super_block *sb, struct inode *i1,
427 			    struct inode *i2);
428 
429 extern const struct fs_parameter_spec fat_param_spec[];
430 int fat_init_fs_context(struct fs_context *fc, bool is_vfat);
431 void fat_free_fc(struct fs_context *fc);
432 
433 int fat_parse_param(struct fs_context *fc, struct fs_parameter *param,
434 		    bool is_vfat);
435 int fat_reconfigure(struct fs_context *fc);
436 
fat_dir_hash(int logstart)437 static inline unsigned long fat_dir_hash(int logstart)
438 {
439 	return hash_32(logstart, FAT_HASH_BITS);
440 }
441 extern int fat_add_cluster(struct inode *inode);
442 
443 /* fat/misc.c */
444 extern __printf(3, 4) __cold
445 void __fat_fs_error(struct super_block *sb, int report, const char *fmt, ...);
446 #define fat_fs_error(sb, fmt, args...)		\
447 	__fat_fs_error(sb, 1, fmt , ## args)
448 #define fat_fs_error_ratelimit(sb, fmt, args...) \
449 	__fat_fs_error(sb, __ratelimit(&MSDOS_SB(sb)->ratelimit), fmt , ## args)
450 
451 #define FAT_PRINTK_PREFIX "%sFAT-fs (%s): "
452 #define fat_msg(sb, level, fmt, args...)				\
453 do {									\
454 	printk_index_subsys_emit(FAT_PRINTK_PREFIX, level, fmt, ##args);\
455 	_fat_msg(sb, level, fmt, ##args);				\
456 } while (0)
457 __printf(3, 4) __cold
458 void _fat_msg(struct super_block *sb, const char *level, const char *fmt, ...);
459 #define fat_msg_ratelimit(sb, level, fmt, args...)	\
460 	do {	\
461 			if (__ratelimit(&MSDOS_SB(sb)->ratelimit))	\
462 				fat_msg(sb, level, fmt, ## args);	\
463 	 } while (0)
464 extern int fat_clusters_flush(struct super_block *sb);
465 extern int fat_chain_add(struct inode *inode, int new_dclus, int nr_cluster);
466 extern void fat_time_fat2unix(struct msdos_sb_info *sbi, struct timespec64 *ts,
467 			      __le16 __time, __le16 __date, u8 time_cs);
468 extern void fat_time_unix2fat(struct msdos_sb_info *sbi, struct timespec64 *ts,
469 			      __le16 *time, __le16 *date, u8 *time_cs);
470 extern struct timespec64 fat_truncate_atime(const struct msdos_sb_info *sbi,
471 					    const struct timespec64 *ts);
472 #define FAT_UPDATE_ATIME	(1u << 0)
473 #define FAT_UPDATE_CMTIME	(1u << 1)
474 void fat_truncate_time(struct inode *inode, struct timespec64 *now,
475 		unsigned int flags);
476 int fat_update_time(struct inode *inode, enum fs_update_time type,
477 		unsigned int flags);
478 extern int fat_sync_bhs(struct buffer_head **bhs, int nr_bhs);
479 
480 int fat_cache_init(void);
481 void fat_cache_destroy(void);
482 
483 /* fat/nfs.c */
484 extern const struct export_operations fat_export_ops;
485 extern const struct export_operations fat_export_ops_nostale;
486 
487 /* helper for printk */
488 typedef unsigned long long	llu;
489 
490 #endif /* !_FAT_H */
491