Merge tag 'spdx_identifiers-4.14-rc8' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/driver-core

Pull initial SPDX identifiers from Greg KH:
"License cleanup: add SPDX license identifiers

Merge tag 'spdx_identifiers-4.14-rc8' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/driver-core

Pull initial SPDX identifiers from Greg KH:
"License cleanup: add SPDX license identifiers to some files

Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.

By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.

Update the files which contain no license information with the
'GPL-2.0' SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally
binding shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate
text.

This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart
and Philippe Ombredanne.

How this work was done:

Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset
of the use cases:

- file had no licensing information it it.

- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,

- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,

Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to
license had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.

The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied
to a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of
the output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver)
producing SPDX tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne.
Philippe prepared the base worksheet, and did an initial spot review
of a few 1000 files.

The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537
files assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the
scanner results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license
identifier(s) to be applied to the file. She confirmed any
determination that was not immediately clear with lawyers working with
the Linux Foundation.

Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:

- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.

- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained
>5 lines of source

- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).

All documentation files were explicitly excluded.

The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.

- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.

For non */uapi/* files that summary was:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139

and resulted in the first patch in this series.

If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that
was:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930

and resulted in the second patch in this series.

- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1

and that resulted in the third patch in this series.

- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that
became the concluded license(s).

- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected
a license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.

- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply
(and which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).

- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.

In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases,
confirmation by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights.
The Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in
part, so they are related.

Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot
checks in about 15000 files.

In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect
the correct identifier.

Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial
patch version early this week with:

- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores

- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct

- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch
license was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the
applied SPDX license was correct

This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.

These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.

Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>"

* tag 'spdx_identifiers-4.14-rc8' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/driver-core:
License cleanup: add SPDX license identifier to uapi header files with a license
License cleanup: add SPDX license identifier to uapi header files with no license
License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license

show more ...

License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license

Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine

License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license

Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.

By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.

Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.

This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.

How this work was done:

Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,

Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.

The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.

The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).

All documentation files were explicitly excluded.

The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.

- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.

For non */uapi/* files that summary was:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139

and resulted in the first patch in this series.

If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930

and resulted in the second patch in this series.

- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:

SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1

and that resulted in the third patch in this series.

- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).

- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.

- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).

- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.

In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.

Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.

Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.

In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.

Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct

This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.

These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.

Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>

show more ...

Merge remote-tracking branch 'linusw-gpio/for-next' into devm_gpiochip

Base for demv_gpiochip_add_data() and devm_gpiochip_remove().

Merge branch 'next' into for-linus

Prepare first round of input updates for 4.3 merge window.

Merge branch 'x86/urgent' into core/efi, to pick up a pending EFI fix

Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

Merge remote-tracking branch 'net-next/master' into mac80211-next

Merge net-next to get some driver changes that patches depend
on (in order to avoid conflicts).

Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johan

Merge remote-tracking branch 'net-next/master' into mac80211-next

Merge net-next to get some driver changes that patches depend
on (in order to avoid conflicts).

Signed-off-by: Johannes Berg <johannes.berg@intel.com>

show more ...

Merge remote-tracking branch 'asoc/fix/rt5645' into asoc-fix-rt5645

Merge branch 'for-4.3-rc/ti-clk-fixes' of https://github.com/t-kristo/linux-pm into clk-fixes

Pull fixes from Tero Kristo:

"A few TI clock driver fixes to pull against 4.3-rc"

* 'for-4.3-rc/ti-clk

Merge branch 'for-4.3-rc/ti-clk-fixes' of https://github.com/t-kristo/linux-pm into clk-fixes

Pull fixes from Tero Kristo:

"A few TI clock driver fixes to pull against 4.3-rc"

* 'for-4.3-rc/ti-clk-fixes' of https://github.com/t-kristo/linux-pm: (3 commits)
clk: ti: dflt: fix enable_reg validity check
clk: ti: fix dual-registration of uart4_ick
clk: ti: clk-7xx: Remove hardwired ABE clock configuration

show more ...

Merge remote-tracking branch 'airlied/drm-next' into drm-intel-next

Backmerge to catch up with 4.3. slightly more involved conflict in the
irq code, but nothing beyond adjacent changes.

Signed-off-

Merge remote-tracking branch 'airlied/drm-next' into drm-intel-next

Backmerge to catch up with 4.3. slightly more involved conflict in the
irq code, but nothing beyond adjacent changes.

Signed-off-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@intel.com>

show more ...

Merge tag 'v4.3-rc3' into next

Merge with Linux 4.3-rc3 to bring in MFD DA9062 changes to merge DA9062
OnKey driver.

Merge tag 'v4.3-rc2' into k.o/for-4.3-v1

Linux 4.3-rc2

Merge tag 'v4.3-rc2' into topic/drm-misc

Backmerge Linux 4.3-rc2 because of conflicts in the dp helper code
between bugfixes and new code. Just adjacent lines really.

On top of that there's a silen

Merge tag 'v4.3-rc2' into topic/drm-misc

Backmerge Linux 4.3-rc2 because of conflicts in the dp helper code
between bugfixes and new code. Just adjacent lines really.

On top of that there's a silent conflict in the new fsl-dcu driver
merged into 4.3 and

commit 844f9111f6f54f88eb2f0fac121b82ce77193866
Author: Maarten Lankhorst <maarten.lankhorst@linux.intel.com>
Date: Wed Sep 2 10:42:40 2015 +0200

drm/atomic: Make prepare_fb/cleanup_fb only take state, v3.

which Thierry Reding spotted and provided a fixup for.

Signed-off-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@intel.com>

show more ...

Merge branch 'for-linus' into for-next

Merge tag 'v4.3-rc1' into spi-fix-doc

Linux 4.3-rc1

Merge branch 'fixes-rc1' into omap-for-v4.3/fixes

Merge tag 'v4.3-rc1' into MTD -next development

Merge tag 'v4.3-rc1' into patchwork

Linux 4.3-rc1

* tag 'v4.3-rc1': (11838 commits)
Linux 4.3-rc1
blk: rq_data_dir() should not return a boolean
writeback: plug writeback in wb_writeback() an

Merge tag 'v4.3-rc1' into patchwork

Linux 4.3-rc1

* tag 'v4.3-rc1': (11838 commits)
Linux 4.3-rc1
blk: rq_data_dir() should not return a boolean
writeback: plug writeback in wb_writeback() and writeback_inodes_wb()
thermal: fix intel PCH thermal driver mismerge
ARCv2: [axs103_smp] Reduce clk for SMP FPGA configs
revert "ocfs2/dlm: use list_for_each_entry instead of list_for_each"
mm/early_ioremap: add explicit #include of asm/early_ioremap.h
fs/seq_file: convert int seq_vprint/seq_printf/etc... returns to void
selftests: enhance membarrier syscall test
selftests: add membarrier syscall test
sys_membarrier(): system-wide memory barrier (generic, x86)
MODSIGN: fix a compilation warning in extract-cert
Revert "writeback: plug writeback at a high level"
scsi_dh: fix randconfig build error
target: use stringify.h instead of own definition
target/user: Fix UFLAG_UNKNOWN_OP handling
target: Remove no-op conditional
target/user: Remove unused variable
target: Fix max_cmd_sn increment w/o cmdsn mutex regressions
target: Attach EXTENDED_COPY local I/O descriptors to xcopy_pt_sess
...

show more ...

Merge tag 'v4.3-rc1' into perf/core, to refresh the tree

Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

Merge tag 'v4.3-rc1' into locking/core, to refresh the tree

Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

Merge tag 'v4.3-rc1' into sched/core, to refresh the branch

Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>

Merge tag 'powerpc-4.3-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/powerpc/linux

Pull powerpc updates from Michael Ellerman:

- support "hybrid" iommu/direct DMA ops for coherent_mask < dma

Merge tag 'powerpc-4.3-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/powerpc/linux

Pull powerpc updates from Michael Ellerman:

- support "hybrid" iommu/direct DMA ops for coherent_mask < dma_mask
from Benjamin Herrenschmidt

- EEH fixes for SRIOV from Gavin

- introduce rtas_get_sensor_fast() for IRQ handlers from Thomas Huth

- use hardware RNG for arch_get_random_seed_* not arch_get_random_*
from Paul Mackerras

- seccomp filter support from Michael Ellerman

- opal_cec_reboot2() handling for HMIs & machine checks from Mahesh
Salgaonkar

- add powerpc timebase as a trace clock source from Naveen N. Rao

- misc cleanups in the xmon, signal & SLB code from Anshuman Khandual

- add an inline function to update POWER8 HID0 from Gautham R. Shenoy

- fix pte_pagesize_index() crash on 4K w/64K hash from Michael Ellerman

- drop support for 64K local store on 4K kernels from Michael Ellerman

- move dma_get_required_mask() from pnv_phb to pci_controller_ops from
Andrew Donnellan

- initialize distance lookup table from drconf path from Nikunj A
Dadhania

- enable RTC class support from Vaibhav Jain

- disable automatically blocked PCI config from Gavin Shan

- add LEDs driver for PowerNV platform from Vasant Hegde

- fix endianness issues in the HVSI driver from Laurent Dufour

- kexec endian fixes from Samuel Mendoza-Jonas

- fix corrupted pdn list from Gavin Shan

- fix fenced PHB caused by eeh_slot_error_detail() from Gavin Shan

- Freescale updates from Scott: Highlights include 32-bit memcpy/memset
optimizations, checksum optimizations, 85xx config fragments and
updates, device tree updates, e6500 fixes for non-SMP, and misc
cleanup and minor fixes.

- a ton of cxl updates & fixes:
- add explicit precision specifiers from Rasmus Villemoes
- use more common format specifier from Rasmus Villemoes
- destroy cxl_adapter_idr on module_exit from Johannes Thumshirn
- destroy afu->contexts_idr on release of an afu from Johannes
Thumshirn
- compile with -Werror from Daniel Axtens
- EEH support from Daniel Axtens
- plug irq_bitmap getting leaked in cxl_context from Vaibhav Jain
- add alternate MMIO error handling from Ian Munsie
- allow release of contexts which have been OPENED but not STARTED
from Andrew Donnellan
- remove use of macro DEFINE_PCI_DEVICE_TABLE from Vaishali Thakkar
- release irqs if memory allocation fails from Vaibhav Jain
- remove racy attempt to force EEH invocation in reset from Daniel
Axtens
- fix + cleanup error paths in cxl_dev_context_init from Ian Munsie
- fix force unmapping mmaps of contexts allocated through the kernel
api from Ian Munsie
- set up and enable PSL Timebase from Philippe Bergheaud

* tag 'powerpc-4.3-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/powerpc/linux: (140 commits)
cxl: Set up and enable PSL Timebase
cxl: Fix force unmapping mmaps of contexts allocated through the kernel api
cxl: Fix + cleanup error paths in cxl_dev_context_init
powerpc/eeh: Fix fenced PHB caused by eeh_slot_error_detail()
powerpc/pseries: Cleanup on pci_dn_reconfig_notifier()
powerpc/pseries: Fix corrupted pdn list
powerpc/powernv: Enable LEDS support
powerpc/iommu: Set default DMA offset in dma_dev_setup
cxl: Remove racy attempt to force EEH invocation in reset
cxl: Release irqs if memory allocation fails
cxl: Remove use of macro DEFINE_PCI_DEVICE_TABLE
powerpc/powernv: Fix mis-merge of OPAL support for LEDS driver
powerpc/powernv: Reset HILE before kexec_sequence()
powerpc/kexec: Reset secondary cpu endianness before kexec
powerpc/hvsi: Fix endianness issues in the HVSI driver
leds/powernv: Add driver for PowerNV platform
powerpc/powernv: Create LED platform device
powerpc/powernv: Add OPAL interfaces for accessing and modifying system LED states
powerpc/powernv: Fix the log message when disabling VF
cxl: Allow release of contexts which have been OPENED but not STARTED
...

show more ...

Merge branch 'next' into for-linus

Prepare first round of input updates for 4.3 merge window.

powerpc: Use hardware RNG for arch_get_random_seed_* not arch_get_random_*

The hardware RNG on POWER8 and POWER7+ can be relatively slow, since
it can only supply one 64-bit value per microsecond.

powerpc: Use hardware RNG for arch_get_random_seed_* not arch_get_random_*

The hardware RNG on POWER8 and POWER7+ can be relatively slow, since
it can only supply one 64-bit value per microsecond. Currently we
read it in arch_get_random_long(), but that slows down reading from
/dev/urandom since the code in random.c calls arch_get_random_long()
for every longword read from /dev/urandom.

Since the hardware RNG supplies high-quality entropy on every read, it
matches the semantics of arch_get_random_seed_long() better than those
of arch_get_random_long(). Therefore this commit makes the code use
the POWER8/7+ hardware RNG only for arch_get_random_seed_{long,int}
and not for arch_get_random_{long,int}.

This won't affect any other PowerPC-based platforms because none of
them currently support a hardware RNG. To make it clear that the
ppc_md function pointer is used for arch_get_random_seed_*, we rename
it from get_random_long to get_random_seed.

Signed-off-by: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>

show more ...

Merge tag 'v4.2-rc3' into next

Sync up with Linux 4.2-rc3 to bring in infrastructure (OF) pieces.

Merge branches 'for-4.2/i2c-hid', 'for-4.2/lenovo', 'for-4.2/plantronics', 'for-4.2/rmi', 'for-4.2/sensor-hub', 'for-4.2/sjoy', 'for-4.2/sony' and 'for-4.2/wacom' into for-linus

Conflicts:
drivers/

Merge branches 'for-4.2/i2c-hid', 'for-4.2/lenovo', 'for-4.2/plantronics', 'for-4.2/rmi', 'for-4.2/sensor-hub', 'for-4.2/sjoy', 'for-4.2/sony' and 'for-4.2/wacom' into for-linus

Conflicts:
drivers/hid/wacom_wac.c

show more ...